Mykola Mikhnovsky
Encyclopedia
Mykola Ivanovich Mikhnovsky (* March 31, 1873, Turivka, Poltava
province; † May 3, 1924) - Ukrainian political and social activist, lawyer, journalist, founder, ideologue and leader of an Ukrainian independence movement in the late nineteenth - early twentieth century. Author of the pamphlet "Independent Ukraine", one of the organizers of the Ukrainian army, co-founder of the first political party in East Ukraine - Revolutionary Ukrainian Party
(RUP), the leader of the Ukrainian People's Party, co-founder of the Ukrainian Democratic Party, a member of the Brotherhood for Self-determination.
County, Poltava
province in 1873. He spent his childhood in the countryside,listening to folk songs, stories and songs. His world views were influenced by his father, who shaped his "spirit of independence". His father - held church services in the Ukrainian language
.
Mykola was educated in the town of Pryluky
. After graduating from high school in 1890, he studied Law at Kiev University
.
. The younger generation however, were attracted to socialist ideals. They believed that national liberation could be achieved through a common struggle with other nations against the existing social order in Russia. In the early 1890s, a new trend developed. It was started by a Mikhnovsky, a student who openly declared the state independence of the Ukrainian nation. He began to preach boldly, that the only way to gain state independence was through armed conflict and that this was the only path for the Ukrainian people.
As a freshman at the University of St. Vladimir Mikhnovsky joined the Ukrainian national movement and became a member of "Young community". However, cultural and apolitical activities did not satisfy him. As a radical-minded young man in 1891 he formed a secret student organization. The first Ukrainian national organization with a clearly political purposes was founded by a group of students from Kharkiv and Kyiv Universities, which in summer 1891 took the oath of allegiance to Ukraine, and founded a secret political society, in honor of the poet Taras Shevchenko calling it the "Tarasivka Brotherhood".
Mikhnovskyy, though he was not among the founders, soon became the ideologue and leader of the Brotherhood. As a law student, he developed an ideological platform, known as the "Credo of a young Ukrainian." "The Tarasivka Brotherhood“ declared its goal to fight for "an independent sovereign Ukraine, united, whole and undivided, from the San to the Kuban rivers, from the Carpathians to the Caucasus mountains, between the free-free, with no master and no boor, without the class struggle within the federation".
The case of the "Tarasivka Broverhood" seemed almost hopeless, but Mikhnovsky spread their views. These were the performances of other human belief, is not popular and not recognized by most Ukrainian leaders. The propaganda of the "Tarasivka Brotherhood" had no noticeable success. Yet throughout Ukraine isolated supporters appeared who shared their views, not only among students but also the peasants, petty bourgeoisie, the intelligentsia. The organization ceased to exist after 1893, as part of "Tarasivka Brotherhood" were arrested, and another - sent into exile.
Mikhnovsky was lucky to escape arrest. He graduated and began working in one of the lawyers' offices in Kyiv. However Mikhnovsky did not abandon his social activities. In 1897 he traveled to the city, which had established close relationships with western leaders and purchased a large number of illegal publications, including works Dragomanov and Frank
. Police believed that he was anti-government".
Poltava
Poltava is a city in located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the surrounding Poltava Raion of the oblast. Poltava's estimated population is 298,652 ....
province; † May 3, 1924) - Ukrainian political and social activist, lawyer, journalist, founder, ideologue and leader of an Ukrainian independence movement in the late nineteenth - early twentieth century. Author of the pamphlet "Independent Ukraine", one of the organizers of the Ukrainian army, co-founder of the first political party in East Ukraine - Revolutionary Ukrainian Party
Revolutionary Ukrainian Party
The Revolutionary Ukrainian Party was a political party in early 20th century Ukraine, founded February 11, 1900 by students in Kharkiv.-History:...
(RUP), the leader of the Ukrainian People's Party, co-founder of the Ukrainian Democratic Party, a member of the Brotherhood for Self-determination.
Early years
A descendant of an old Cossack family, whose roots can be traced back to the 17th century, Mykola Mikhnovsky was born to the family of a rural priest in the village of Turivka, PrylukyPryluky
Pryluky or Priluki is a city located on the Udai River in the Chernihiv Oblast, north-central Ukraine. Serving as the administrative center of the Prylutsky Raion , the city itself is also designated as a separate municipality within the oblast...
County, Poltava
Poltava
Poltava is a city in located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Poltava Oblast , as well as the surrounding Poltava Raion of the oblast. Poltava's estimated population is 298,652 ....
province in 1873. He spent his childhood in the countryside,listening to folk songs, stories and songs. His world views were influenced by his father, who shaped his "spirit of independence". His father - held church services in the Ukrainian language
Ukrainian language
Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic subgroup of the Slavic languages. It is the official state language of Ukraine. Written Ukrainian uses a variant of the Cyrillic alphabet....
.
Mykola was educated in the town of Pryluky
Pryluky
Pryluky or Priluki is a city located on the Udai River in the Chernihiv Oblast, north-central Ukraine. Serving as the administrative center of the Prylutsky Raion , the city itself is also designated as a separate municipality within the oblast...
. After graduating from high school in 1890, he studied Law at Kiev University
Kiev University
Taras Shevchenko University or officially the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , colloquially known in Ukrainian as KNU is located in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is the third oldest university in Ukraine after the University of Lviv and Kharkiv University. Currently, its structure...
.
Mikhnovsky as a student
The growth of Ukrainian national consciousness in the late nineteenth century led to a riff among the Ukrainian intelligentsia. The older generation approached the "Ukrainian question" through culture and education, limiting their demands to moderate reforms that would have abolished the national-cultural restrictions for Ukrainian within the Russian EmpireRussian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. The younger generation however, were attracted to socialist ideals. They believed that national liberation could be achieved through a common struggle with other nations against the existing social order in Russia. In the early 1890s, a new trend developed. It was started by a Mikhnovsky, a student who openly declared the state independence of the Ukrainian nation. He began to preach boldly, that the only way to gain state independence was through armed conflict and that this was the only path for the Ukrainian people.
As a freshman at the University of St. Vladimir Mikhnovsky joined the Ukrainian national movement and became a member of "Young community". However, cultural and apolitical activities did not satisfy him. As a radical-minded young man in 1891 he formed a secret student organization. The first Ukrainian national organization with a clearly political purposes was founded by a group of students from Kharkiv and Kyiv Universities, which in summer 1891 took the oath of allegiance to Ukraine, and founded a secret political society, in honor of the poet Taras Shevchenko calling it the "Tarasivka Brotherhood".
Mikhnovskyy, though he was not among the founders, soon became the ideologue and leader of the Brotherhood. As a law student, he developed an ideological platform, known as the "Credo of a young Ukrainian." "The Tarasivka Brotherhood“ declared its goal to fight for "an independent sovereign Ukraine, united, whole and undivided, from the San to the Kuban rivers, from the Carpathians to the Caucasus mountains, between the free-free, with no master and no boor, without the class struggle within the federation".
The case of the "Tarasivka Broverhood" seemed almost hopeless, but Mikhnovsky spread their views. These were the performances of other human belief, is not popular and not recognized by most Ukrainian leaders. The propaganda of the "Tarasivka Brotherhood" had no noticeable success. Yet throughout Ukraine isolated supporters appeared who shared their views, not only among students but also the peasants, petty bourgeoisie, the intelligentsia. The organization ceased to exist after 1893, as part of "Tarasivka Brotherhood" were arrested, and another - sent into exile.
Mikhnovsky was lucky to escape arrest. He graduated and began working in one of the lawyers' offices in Kyiv. However Mikhnovsky did not abandon his social activities. In 1897 he traveled to the city, which had established close relationships with western leaders and purchased a large number of illegal publications, including works Dragomanov and Frank
Frank
Frank may refer to:* A member of the medieval Germanic people, the Franks* Frank * Frank * Crusaders or any persons originating in Catholic western Europe, in medieval Middle Eastern history...
. Police believed that he was anti-government".