Mymensingh District
Encyclopedia
Mymensingh is one of the district
s of Dhaka division, Bangladesh
, and is bordered on the north by Meghalaya
state of India
and Garo Hills
, on the south by Gazipur
district, on the east by districts of Netrokona
and Kishoreganj
, and on the west by districts of Sherpur
, Jamalpur
and Tangail
. Mymensingh town is the district headquarters.
The district was acquired by the East India Company
with the Dewani Grant from the Mughal Emperor in 1765. At that time its greater part was included in the Niabat (Sub-Province of Dhaka and a small portion in the Zamindaries of Atia, Kagmari, Pukuria and Patilandaha (of Rahahahi Zamindari). At the time of Permanent Settlement, it included northwest Garo-Hills and the Brahmandaria Subdivision of the Present Comilla district but did not include north Tangail and north-west part of Jamalpur
. In 1799 Taluk Amirabad was transferred to Tippera (comilla). In 1809, Patiladaha, situated north-east of the Brahmaputra came to district form Rangpur. In 1811, the river Banar and Brahmaputra were declared boundary between Dhaka and Mymensingh district and the river Brahmaputra and Meghna as boundary between Tippera (now Comilla) and Mymensingh and Dhaka. In 1811 west Gar-Hills were transferred to Rangpur district. In 1812 Patiladaha, was retransferred to Rangpur. In 1830, Parganas Sarail, Daudpur, haripur, Bejra, and Satarakhandal, were transferred to Tippera and Public convenience. In 1855, due to change in river course part or Serajganj thana was transferred from Mymensingh to Pabna
and in 1866, the whole of it was transferred to Pabna. In 1866, thana Dewangajn was transferred to Mymensingh form Bogra and thana Atia from Dhaka. In 1867 for the administrative convenience boundaries of five subdivisions (including Tangail) and thanaswere notified. In 1874 on the basis of survey
, the district boundaries were notified. In 1874 the Jamuna (or Daokoba) River was declared the western boundary between Mymensingh and Bogra and as such, 165 villages were transferred to Bogra. In 1875, the Brahmaputra was Made the boundary between Mymensingh and Rangpur and the portion of patiladaha, east of the river, was transferred to this district form Rangpur. In 1877, the Jamuna was declared the boundary between Pabna and Mymensingh, in the west. On the first of December, 1969, Tangail subdivision was separated from Mymensingh and a new District of Tangail was formed.
, valuable both as timber and charcoal. The main benefits of sal is that it can absorb carbon more than any other native trees, so it helps mitigate the severe pollution of Dhaka city. The only other elevated tract in the district is on the northern border, where the Susang Durgapur situated in Netrokona district (part of Greater Mymensingh). Actually the Haluaghat upozilla of Mymensingh is border with India and Garo hills of Meghalaya. They are for the most part covered with thick thorny jungle, but in parts are barren and rocky.
, jute
, sugarcane, wheat, oil seed and pulse, betel leaf, karalla, sweet potato, turmeric, ginger, brinjal, cauliflower and chilli.
, Jamalpur
, Kishoreganj, Sherpur, Netrokona, and Mymensingh. Currently, Mymensingh district has eight municipalities
and twelve Upzillas. The municipalities are: Bhaluka, Gaffargaon, Gauripur, Ishwarganj, Mymensingh Sadar, Nandail, Muktagachha, and Trishal. The twelve upzillas are: Bhaluka, Dhobaura, Fulbaria, Gaffargaon, Gauripur, Haluaghat, Ishwarganj, Mymensingh Sadar, Muktagachha, Nandail, Phulpur and Trishal.
. The population is around 225,811 and the literacy rate is about 65%. Having Bangladesh Agricultural University
, huge bridge on Brahmaputra river
, 2 medical colleges (Mymensingh Medical College
, Community Based Medical College), 8 high schools, Raj bari, natural beauty of farm lands, etc., Mymensingh
is one of the best places for living and educating children in Bangladesh. Because there are very few fuel run-vehicles, sound pollution and air pollution levels are very low. It is also one of the best towns in Bangladesh to educate child up to grade ten. There is no public boys college in Mymensingh town; however, every years lots of students from this town get admission in different universities and medical college
in Bangladesh. The first military high school for girls in the country, Mymensingh Girls Cadet College
, is also located in Mymensingh town. A huge amount of land occupied by various churches in Mymensingh city in relation to number of followers.
Religious institutions include mosque 2362, temple 1020, Buddhist temple 600 (570 temple, 030 pagoda) and 36 church.
District
Districts are a type of administrative division, in some countries managed by a local government. They vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, or subdivisions of municipalities.-Austria:...
s of Dhaka division, Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
, and is bordered on the north by Meghalaya
Meghalaya
Meghalaya is a state in north-eastern India. The word "Meghalaya" literally means the Abode of Clouds in Sanskrit and other Indic languages. Meghalaya is a hilly strip in the eastern part of the country about 300 km long and 100 km wide, with a total area of about 8,700 sq mi . The...
state of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and Garo Hills
Garo Hills
The Garo Hills are part of the Garo-Khasi range in Meghalaya, India. They are inhabited mainly by tribal dwellers. Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya, is located in this range. It is one of the wettest places in the world. The range is part of the Meghalaya subtropical forests ecoregion.Garo Hills...
, on the south by Gazipur
Gazipur District
Gazipur District is a district of Dhaka Division, it has an area of 1741.53 km2 and is bounded by Mymensingh and Kishoreganj districts on the north, Dhaka, Narayanganj and Narsingdi districts on the south, Narsingdi on the east, Dhaka and Tangail districts on the west. Annual average...
district, on the east by districts of Netrokona
Netrokona District
Netrakona is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.-Geography: is situated in the northern part of Bangladesh. Near the Himalayan border. Historically Netrakona is the main center point of Mymensingh Githika as the view of Mahua Malua who lived there and created...
and Kishoreganj
Kishoreganj District
-Place of Interest:Kishorganj is a place of the creed of respectively Sanatana and Loukik Islam. Both Meghna and Brahmaputra river have contributed to its existence. Many traditional rituals are observed every year in Kishoreganj. Among them Kurikhai Mela is one of the most celebrated fair. It is a...
, and on the west by districts of Sherpur
Sherpur District
Sherpur is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division. Sherpur city is located about 198 km north of Dhaka which is the capital of the country.-Subdivisions:There are 5 upazilas under this district, namely:...
, Jamalpur
Jamalpur District
Jamalpur is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The main Jamalpur town consists of 12 wards and 80 mahallas. The municipality was established in 1869. The area of the town is 53.28 km². The town has a population of 116754; male 51.06%, female 48.94%. Density of population is 2191 per...
and Tangail
Tangail District
Tangail is a district in central region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka division. The population of Tangail zilla is about 3.2 million and its surface area is 3,414.39 km². The main town of Tangail District is the district town Tangail...
. Mymensingh town is the district headquarters.
Geography
The district covers an area of around 4,363 square kilometers, with several small valleys between high forests. The temperature ranges from 33 degrees to 12 degrees Celsius, and the annual rainfall averages 2,174 mm. In fact, Iswarganj is a small upozilla (section) other upozillas some are at the foot of Garo hills of Meghalaya, some are Chars founded on the bed of Old Brahmaputra river and also some ancient forests of mainly a single wood tree as it is named SHAL Forest. The city of Mymensingh stands on the bank of Old Brahmaputra river, as the 1897 great Assam Bengal earthquake changed the main flow from Brahmaputra to the Jamuna river which co-sided west of the greater Mymensingh region. In about hundred years, a port city of sea vessels from England just lost its status as the river became a seasonal flow by this time. Some Kuthi's of namely of the colonial rulers now-a-days the govt. High officials residences along the side of the river in the city. The area of Greater Mymensingh, the north front line is just at the foot of Garo hills of Meghalaya of India, the south this area excludes The GAZIPUR district, the east ends in the rich watery land of Bangladesh as native calls 'Hawor', the west ends in the ancient single wood forest(e.g. Muktagacha, Fulbaria and Valuka Upozillas) and the Chars of Jamalpur district sided north-west of Mymensingh district. There is geographical varieties comprises single wood forests, Chars and river valleys and also touching the Himalaya at Garo hills.History
Maimansingh, a district of British India, is in the Dhaka division of Eastern Bengal and Assam. It occupies a portion of the alluvial valley of the Brahmaputra east of the main channel (called the Jamuna) and north of Dacca. The administrative headquarters are at Nasirabad, usually called Mymensingh town. Area, 6332 sq mi Pop. (1901) 3,915,068, showing an increase of 12.8% in the decade. The district is for the most part level and open, covered with well-cultivated fields, and intersected by numerous rivers.The district was acquired by the East India Company
East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
with the Dewani Grant from the Mughal Emperor in 1765. At that time its greater part was included in the Niabat (Sub-Province of Dhaka and a small portion in the Zamindaries of Atia, Kagmari, Pukuria and Patilandaha (of Rahahahi Zamindari). At the time of Permanent Settlement, it included northwest Garo-Hills and the Brahmandaria Subdivision of the Present Comilla district but did not include north Tangail and north-west part of Jamalpur
Jamalpur District
Jamalpur is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The main Jamalpur town consists of 12 wards and 80 mahallas. The municipality was established in 1869. The area of the town is 53.28 km². The town has a population of 116754; male 51.06%, female 48.94%. Density of population is 2191 per...
. In 1799 Taluk Amirabad was transferred to Tippera (comilla). In 1809, Patiladaha, situated north-east of the Brahmaputra came to district form Rangpur. In 1811, the river Banar and Brahmaputra were declared boundary between Dhaka and Mymensingh district and the river Brahmaputra and Meghna as boundary between Tippera (now Comilla) and Mymensingh and Dhaka. In 1811 west Gar-Hills were transferred to Rangpur district. In 1812 Patiladaha, was retransferred to Rangpur. In 1830, Parganas Sarail, Daudpur, haripur, Bejra, and Satarakhandal, were transferred to Tippera and Public convenience. In 1855, due to change in river course part or Serajganj thana was transferred from Mymensingh to Pabna
Pabna
Pabna is a town in Rajshahi Division ofBangladesh and the administrative capital of eponymous Pabna District. It is located on the north bank of Padma river and has a population of about 138,000.-Name:...
and in 1866, the whole of it was transferred to Pabna. In 1866, thana Dewangajn was transferred to Mymensingh form Bogra and thana Atia from Dhaka. In 1867 for the administrative convenience boundaries of five subdivisions (including Tangail) and thanaswere notified. In 1874 on the basis of survey
Surveying
See Also: Public Land Survey SystemSurveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional position of points and the distances and angles between them...
, the district boundaries were notified. In 1874 the Jamuna (or Daokoba) River was declared the western boundary between Mymensingh and Bogra and as such, 165 villages were transferred to Bogra. In 1875, the Brahmaputra was Made the boundary between Mymensingh and Rangpur and the portion of patiladaha, east of the river, was transferred to this district form Rangpur. In 1877, the Jamuna was declared the boundary between Pabna and Mymensingh, in the west. On the first of December, 1969, Tangail subdivision was separated from Mymensingh and a new District of Tangail was formed.
Forests
The Madhupur jungle is a slightly elevated tract, extending from the north of Dhaka district into the heart of Mymensingh; its average height is about 60 ft above the level of the surrounding country, and it nowhere exceeds 100 ft. The jungle contains abundance of salSal
Shorea robusta, also known as sal or shala tree, is a species of tree belonging to the Dipterocarpaceae family.-Distribution and description:...
, valuable both as timber and charcoal. The main benefits of sal is that it can absorb carbon more than any other native trees, so it helps mitigate the severe pollution of Dhaka city. The only other elevated tract in the district is on the northern border, where the Susang Durgapur situated in Netrokona district (part of Greater Mymensingh). Actually the Haluaghat upozilla of Mymensingh is border with India and Garo hills of Meghalaya. They are for the most part covered with thick thorny jungle, but in parts are barren and rocky.
Rivers
The Jamuna forms the western boundary of Mymensingh for a course of 94 m. It is navigable for large boats throughout the year; and during the rainy season it expands in many places to 5–6 m in breadth. The Brahmaputra enters Mymensingh at its north-western corner near Karaibari, and flows south-east and south until it joins the Meghna a little below Bhairab Bazar. The gradual formation of chars and bars of sand in the upper part of its course (mainly influenced by The Great Assam Bengal Earthquake 1897) has diverted the main volume of water into the present channel of the Jamuna, which has in consequence become of much more importance than the Brahmaputra proper. The Meghna only flows for a short distance through the south-east portion of the district, the eastern and south-eastern parts of which abound in marshes.Crops
The staple crops, of the country are riceRice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
, jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....
, sugarcane, wheat, oil seed and pulse, betel leaf, karalla, sweet potato, turmeric, ginger, brinjal, cauliflower and chilli.
Railroads
A branch line of the Eastern Bengal railway runs north from Dhaka through Nasirabad etc.Timeline
- 1772–1790 Fakir and Sannyasi revolt
- 1787 Floods
- 1788 Famines
- 1897 Earthquake
- 1905 Swadeshi Movement
Subdistricts
Mymensingh district was established in 1787, which was later on reorganized into six districts, namely, TangailTangail District
Tangail is a district in central region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka division. The population of Tangail zilla is about 3.2 million and its surface area is 3,414.39 km². The main town of Tangail District is the district town Tangail...
, Jamalpur
Jamalpur District
Jamalpur is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The main Jamalpur town consists of 12 wards and 80 mahallas. The municipality was established in 1869. The area of the town is 53.28 km². The town has a population of 116754; male 51.06%, female 48.94%. Density of population is 2191 per...
, Kishoreganj, Sherpur, Netrokona, and Mymensingh. Currently, Mymensingh district has eight municipalities
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
and twelve Upzillas. The municipalities are: Bhaluka, Gaffargaon, Gauripur, Ishwarganj, Mymensingh Sadar, Nandail, Muktagachha, and Trishal. The twelve upzillas are: Bhaluka, Dhobaura, Fulbaria, Gaffargaon, Gauripur, Haluaghat, Ishwarganj, Mymensingh Sadar, Muktagachha, Nandail, Phulpur and Trishal.
| No. | Subdistrict name | Area (square kilometer) | Population |
| 1 | Bhaluka | 444.05 | 264,991 |
| 2 | Trishal | 338.98 | 336,797 |
| 3 | Haluaghat | 356.07 | 242,339 |
| 4 | Muktagachha | 314.71 | 321,759 |
| 5 | Dhobaura | 251.05 | 157,027 |
| 6 | Fulbaria | 402 | 345,283 |
| 7 | Gaffargaon | 401.16 | 379,803 |
| 8 | Gauripur Gauripur Gauripur is a town and a town area committee in Dhubri district in the state of Assam, India.-Geography:Gauripur is located at . It has an average elevation of 26 metres . The nearest airport is situated at Rupsi adjacent to the village Khudimari.Gauripur is a small beautiful town in the... |
374.07 | 247,945 |
| 9 | Ishwarganj | 286.19 | 306,977 |
| 10 | Mymensingh Sadar | 388.45 | 566,368 |
| 11 | Nandail | 326.13 | 328,847 |
| 12 | Phulpur Phulpur Phulpur is a town and a nagar panchayat in Allahabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is known for being the Lok Sabha seat from which Jawaharlal Nehru got elected to the Indian Parliament.-Geography:... |
580.21 | 459,046 |
Demographics
| Total Population | 4,439,017 |
| Male | 50.62% |
| Female | 49.38% |
| Muslim Muslim A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable... |
94.73% |
| Hindu Hindu Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion... |
4.25% |
| Christian Christian A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament... |
0.75% |
| Buddhist | 0.06% |
| Aboriginal Indigenous peoples Indigenous peoples are ethnic groups that are defined as indigenous according to one of the various definitions of the term, there is no universally accepted definition but most of which carry connotations of being the "original inhabitants" of a territory.... |
0.89% |
| Others | 0.21% |
Town
Mymensingh town, earlier known as Nasirabad, is placed on the west bank of Brahmaputra RiverBrahmaputra River
The Brahmaputra , also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra, is a trans-boundary river and one of the major rivers of Asia. It is the only Indian river that is attributed the masculine gender and thus referred to as a in Indo-Aryan languages and languages with Indo-Aryan influence...
. The population is around 225,811 and the literacy rate is about 65%. Having Bangladesh Agricultural University
Bangladesh Agricultural University
Bangladesh Agricultural University or BAU was established as the only university of its kind in Bangladesh in 1961. The scheme for the establishment of BAU was finalized on 8 June 1961 and its ordinance was promulgated on 18 August 1961...
, huge bridge on Brahmaputra river
Brahmaputra River
The Brahmaputra , also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra, is a trans-boundary river and one of the major rivers of Asia. It is the only Indian river that is attributed the masculine gender and thus referred to as a in Indo-Aryan languages and languages with Indo-Aryan influence...
, 2 medical colleges (Mymensingh Medical College
Mymensingh Medical College
Mymensingh Medical College is a government medical college in Bangladesh. It is located in the Mymensingh District of the Dhaka Division. Mymensingh Medical Journal, which is Index Medicus/MEDLINE listed, is the official journal of Mymensingh Medical College.-History:During the later part of...
, Community Based Medical College), 8 high schools, Raj bari, natural beauty of farm lands, etc., Mymensingh
Mymensingh
Mymensingh , pronounced moy-mon-shing-haw, is a city of Bangladesh situated on the river Brahmaputra. It is the headquarters of the administrative unit Mymensingh District. Mymensingh is the anglicized pronunciation of the original name Momenshahi, referring to a ruler called Momen Shah. The cadet...
is one of the best places for living and educating children in Bangladesh. Because there are very few fuel run-vehicles, sound pollution and air pollution levels are very low. It is also one of the best towns in Bangladesh to educate child up to grade ten. There is no public boys college in Mymensingh town; however, every years lots of students from this town get admission in different universities and medical college
Medical college
A Medical College is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area . In common law countries often are grouped by medical specialties ....
in Bangladesh. The first military high school for girls in the country, Mymensingh Girls Cadet College
Mymensingh Girls Cadet College
Mymensingh Girls' Cadet College is a military high school for girls, located in Mymensingh town, Bangladesh, near Charpara.-History:When Bangladesh and Pakistan were a joined country, Pakistan Military Force established some Cadet Colleges in West Pakistan and some Cadet Colleges in East Pakistan...
, is also located in Mymensingh town. A huge amount of land occupied by various churches in Mymensingh city in relation to number of followers.
Literacy and educational institutions
Among the literacy, 30.7% are male and 20% female. Educational institutions include: agricultural university 1, medical college 2, homeo medical college 1, polytechnic institute 1, vocational institute 1, veterinary training institute 1, primary teacher's training institute 1, teacher's training institute 2, national institute of primary education 1, government college 5, non-government college 57, government high school 9, non-government high school 368, secondary school 129, madrasa 1212, government primary school 1249, non-government 794, kindergarten 33, NGO operated school 1065, art school 1.Religious institutions include mosque 2362, temple 1020, Buddhist temple 600 (570 temple, 030 pagoda) and 36 church.