NCAPH
Encyclopedia
Condensin complex subunit 2 also known as chromosome-associated protein H (CAP-H) or non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the NCAPH gene
. CAP-H is a subunit of condensin
I, a large protein complex involved in chromosome condensation
and a regulatory subunit of the condensin complex. This complex is required for the conversion of interphase
chromatin
into condensed chromosome
s. CAP-H is associated with mitotic
chromosomes, except during the early phase of chromosome condensation. During interphase, the protein has a distinct punctate nucleolar localization.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the NCAPH gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
. CAP-H is a subunit of condensin
Condensin
Condensins are large protein complexes that play a central role in chromosome assembly and segregation in eukaryotic cells.- Subunit composition :...
I, a large protein complex involved in chromosome condensation
Function
CAP-H is a member of the barr protein familyBAR domain
BAR domains are highly conserved protein dimerisation domains that occur in many proteins involved in membrane dynamics in a cell. The BAR domain is banana shaped and binds to membrane via its concave face. It is capable of sensing membrane curvature by binding preferentially to curved membranes...
and a regulatory subunit of the condensin complex. This complex is required for the conversion of interphase
Interphase
Interphase is the phase of the cell cycle in which the cell spends the majority of its time and performs the majority of its purposes including preparation for cell division. In preparation for cell division, it increases its size and makes a copy of its DNA...
chromatin
Chromatin
Chromatin is the combination of DNA and proteins that make up the contents of the nucleus of a cell. The primary functions of chromatin are; to package DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell, to strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and meiosis and prevent DNA damage, and to control gene...
into condensed chromosome
Chromosome
A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions.Chromosomes...
s. CAP-H is associated with mitotic
Mitosis
Mitosis is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates the chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets, in two separate nuclei. It is generally followed immediately by cytokinesis, which divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two cells containing roughly...
chromosomes, except during the early phase of chromosome condensation. During interphase, the protein has a distinct punctate nucleolar localization.