Nanchang
Encyclopedia
Nanchang is the capital of Jiangxi
Province in southeastern China
. It is located in the north-central portion of the province. As it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by Poyang Lake, it is famous for its scenery, rich history and cultural sites. Owing to its central location relative to the Yangtze
and Pearl River Delta
regions, it is a major railroad hub in Southern China.
), when the county town was given the name Nanchang. It was also the administrative seat of a commandery, Yuzhang. In 589 (during the Sui dynasty
) this commandery was changed into a prefecture named Hongzhou (洪州), and after 763 it became the provincial center of Jiangxi
, which was then beginning the rapid growth that by the 12th century made it the most populous province in China
.
In 653 AD, the Tengwang Pavilion was constructed. In 675 AD, Wang Bo
(王勃) wrote the classic "Tengwang Ge Xu
". The building as well as the city became celebrated for Wang's introduction article and the author is known to all Chinese-speaking population by this masterpiece. The Pavilion has been destroyed and rebuilt several times throughout China's history. In its present form, Tengwang Pavilion was reconstructed in the 1980s after being destroyed in 1929 during the Chinese Civil War
.
In 959, under the Southern Tang
regime, it became Nanchang superior prefecture and also the southern capital. After the conquest by the Song
regime in 981 it reverted to the name Hongzhou. In 1164 it was renamed Longxing superior prefecture, which name it retained until 1368. At the end of the Yuan
(Mongol) period (1279–1368), it became a battleground between Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming dynasty
(1368–1644), and the rival local warlord, Chen Youliang
. At the beginning of the 16th century it was the power base from which Zhu Chenhao
, the prince of Ning, launched a rebellion against the Ming regime.
During the reign of the Wanli Emperor
of the Ming dynasty, it housed relatives of the emperor who had been exiled because they were potential claimants of the imperial throne, members of the imperial family constituting about one quarter of the city's population; as a result of this, Matteo Ricci
came here when trying to gain entry to Beijing.
In the 1850s it suffered considerably as a result of the Taiping Rebellion
(1850–64), and its importance as a commercial center declined as the overland routes to Canton
were replaced by coastal steamship services in the latter half of the 19th century. Nanchang has, however, remained the undisputed regional metropolis
of Jiangxi.
On August 1, 1927, Nanchang was the site of one of a series of insurrections organized by the Chinese Communist Party. The Nanchang Uprising
, led by pro-communist Kuomintang
officers under Russia
n direction, succeeded in holding the city for only a few days, and provided a core of troops and a method of organization from which the People's Liberation Army
(PLA) later developed.
In 1939, the Battle of Nanchang, a ferocious battle between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army
and the Japan
ese Imperial Japanese Army
in the Second Sino-Japanese War
took place.
In 1949 Nanchang was still essentially an old-style administrative and commercial city, with little industry apart from food processing
; it had a population of about 275,000. Nanchang first acquired a rail
connection in 1915, when the line to Jiujiang
, a port on the Yangtze River, was opened. Several other rail links have since been opened. After World War II
a line was completed to Linchuan and Gongqi in the Ru River Valley to the south-southeast.
Since 1949 Nanchang has been extensively industrialized. It is now a large-scale producer of cotton
textiles and cotton yarn. Papermaking
is also a large industry, as is food processing (especially rice milling
). Heavy industry
began to be important in the mid-1950s. A large thermal-power plant was installed and uses coal
brought by rail from Fengcheng
, to the south. A machinery industry also grew up, at first mainly concentrating on the production of agricultural equipment and diesel engine
s. Nanchang then became a center of the automotive industry
, producing trucks and tractors and also such equipment as tires. An iron-smelting
plant helping to supply local industry was installed in the later 1950s. There is also a large chemical industry
, producing agricultural chemicals and insecticides as well as pharmaceuticals.
and is situated on the right bank of the Gan River just below its confluence with the Jin River
and some 40 km southwest of its discharge into Poyang Lake.
Nanchang has a monsoon
-influenced humid subtropical climate
(Koppen
Cfa) with four distinct seasons. Winters are short and cool with occasional frosts; snow is not unheard of but heavy falls are otherwise rare. Summer is long and humid, with amongst the highest temperatures in China. Rain is greatest from March to June, and least in fall and early winter. Monthly averages in the city range from 5.3 °C (41.5 °F) in January to 29.2 °C (84.6 °F) in July, with an annual mean of 17.6 °C (63.7 °F).
has a plant in Nanchang, assembling the Ford Transit
van
as part of the Jiangling Motor joint venture
. Many of its industry revolves around aircraft manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, metallurgy, electro-mechanics, textile, chemical engineering, traditional Chinese medicine
, pharmaceuticals and others.
The GDP of Nanchang in 2008 was 166 billion Yuan (24.3 billion USD). The GDP per capita was 36,105 Yuan (5,285 USD). The total value of imports and exports was 3.4 billion US dollars.
The total financial revenue was 23 billion Yuan.
Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone is located in Nanchang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, it was approved by the State Council on May 8, 2006, and passed the national acceptance inspection on Sep 7th, 2007. It has a planning area of 1 sqkm and now has built 0.31 sqkm. It enjoys simple and convenient customs clearances,and special preferential policies both for Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone and NCHDZ.
Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (NCHDZ for short hereafter) is the only national grade high-tech zoned in Jiangxi, it was established in Mar. 1991. The zone covers an area of 231 square kilometers, in which 32 square kilometers have been completed. NCHDZ possesses unique nature condition and sound industry foundation of accepting electronics industry. NCHDZ has brought 25% industrial added value and 50% industrial benefit and tax to Nanchang city by using only 0.4% land area.
Provincial level development zones
Special economic district
-Kunming
Railway (formerly Zhe-Gan Railway, literally Zhejiang
-Jiangxi
Railway) both meet at Nanchang making Nanchang one of the most important transport hubs in Southern China. In addition, it is the only provincial capital located on the Jingjiu Railway. It is also the home to the Nanchang Bureau of Railways, which operates the majority of the railway network in the provinces of Jiangxi
and Fujian
.
From 2007, Nanchang is also connected with neighboring cities Hangzhou
, Changsha and Shanghai
with CRH (China Railway High-speed
).
(KHN) built in 1996 is the main international airport. It is situated in Lehua Town, 26 kilometres north of the CDB area. Changbei International Airport is the only one in Jiangxi Province which has an international air route. The airport is connected to major mainland cities such as Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Haikou, Shanghai and Beijing.
The Nanchang Long-distance Bus Station serves long distance routes to Nanjing, Shenzhen, Hefei and other cites outside Jiangxi Province. The Xufang Bus Station operates routes to cities, towns and counties within Jiangxi Province.
Nanchang is known for:
The Tengwang Pavilion, a towering pavilion dating to 653,on the east bank of the Gan River and is one of "the Four Great Towers of China"
Poyang Lake, the largest fresh water lake in China, it is also called "the Migrator Birds Paradise".
It is also home to the Star of Nanchang
, which was the world's tallest Ferris wheel
from 2006-2008.
The Jiangxi Provincial Museum and Bada Shanren Exhibition Hall.
Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
with:
Peine
, Germany (October 13, 2009) Skopje
, Macedonia
(March 20, 1984) Toluca
, Mexico
(August 16, 1988) Takamatsu
, Japan
(March 20, 1984) Valkeakoski
, Finland
(March 20, 1984) Toijala
, Finland
(March 20, 1984) Dijon
, France
(March 20, 1984) Naju
, South Korea
(March 20, 1984) Sorocaba
, Brazil
(March 20, 1984)
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
Province in southeastern China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. It is located in the north-central portion of the province. As it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by Poyang Lake, it is famous for its scenery, rich history and cultural sites. Owing to its central location relative to the Yangtze
Yangtze River Delta
The Yangtze River Delta, Yangtze Delta or YRD, also called Yangzi, or Chang Jiang Delta, Rive Chang Delta Tai Lake Region or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze, generally comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province of...
and Pearl River Delta
Pearl River Delta
The Pearl River Delta , Zhujiang Delta or Zhusanjiao in Guangdong province, People's Republic of China is the low-lying area surrounding the Pearl River estuary where the Pearl River flows into the South China Sea...
regions, it is a major railroad hub in Southern China.
History
The city originally called was founded and first walled in 201 BC (during the early Han dynastyHan Dynasty
The Han Dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han. It was briefly interrupted by the Xin Dynasty of the former regent Wang Mang...
), when the county town was given the name Nanchang. It was also the administrative seat of a commandery, Yuzhang. In 589 (during the Sui dynasty
Sui Dynasty
The Sui Dynasty was a powerful, but short-lived Imperial Chinese dynasty. Preceded by the Southern and Northern Dynasties, it ended nearly four centuries of division between rival regimes. It was followed by the Tang Dynasty....
) this commandery was changed into a prefecture named Hongzhou (洪州), and after 763 it became the provincial center of Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
, which was then beginning the rapid growth that by the 12th century made it the most populous province in China
Province (China)
A province, in the context of Chinese government, is a translation of sheng formally provincial level divisions, which is an administrative division. Provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, make up the four types of province of administrative division...
.
In 653 AD, the Tengwang Pavilion was constructed. In 675 AD, Wang Bo
Wang Bo
Wang Bo , courtesy name Zi'an , was a Chinese poet in the Tang Dynasty.Wang Bo is one of the Four Literary Eminences in Early Tang, known as ChuTangSiJie . He opposed the spread of the Gong Ti Style of the Sui Dynasty, and advocated a style rich in emotions...
(王勃) wrote the classic "Tengwang Ge Xu
Tengwang Ge Xu
Tengwang Ge Xu Tengwang Ge Xu Tengwang Ge Xu (Preface to the Prince of Teng's Pavilion, full name Qiuri deng Hongzhou Tengwang Ge Jianbie Xu (Preface to a farewell feast atop the Prince of Teng's Pavilion in Autumn) or Tengwang Ge Shi Xu (Preface to a Poem on the Prince of Teng's Pavilion), is...
". The building as well as the city became celebrated for Wang's introduction article and the author is known to all Chinese-speaking population by this masterpiece. The Pavilion has been destroyed and rebuilt several times throughout China's history. In its present form, Tengwang Pavilion was reconstructed in the 1980s after being destroyed in 1929 during the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...
.
In 959, under the Southern Tang
Southern Tang
Southern Tang was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-975. Southern Tang replaced the Wu Kingdom when Li Bian deposed the emperor Yang Pu....
regime, it became Nanchang superior prefecture and also the southern capital. After the conquest by the Song
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...
regime in 981 it reverted to the name Hongzhou. In 1164 it was renamed Longxing superior prefecture, which name it retained until 1368. At the end of the Yuan
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division of the Mongol Empire and as an...
(Mongol) period (1279–1368), it became a battleground between Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of the Ming dynasty
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
(1368–1644), and the rival local warlord, Chen Youliang
Chen Youliang
Chen Youliang was the founder of the insurgent state of Dahan in the late Yuan Dynasty period of Chinese history.-Biography:...
. At the beginning of the 16th century it was the power base from which Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao
Zhu Chenhao or Prince of Ning was a member of Ming Dynasty's Royal Family. He was the 5th generation descendant of Zhu Quan, the seventeenth son of Hongwu Emperor.-Biography:...
, the prince of Ning, launched a rebellion against the Ming regime.
During the reign of the Wanli Emperor
Wanli Emperor
The Wanli Emperor was emperor of China between 1572 and 1620. His era name means "Ten thousand calendars". Born Zhu Yijun, he was the Longqing Emperor's third son...
of the Ming dynasty, it housed relatives of the emperor who had been exiled because they were potential claimants of the imperial throne, members of the imperial family constituting about one quarter of the city's population; as a result of this, Matteo Ricci
Matteo Ricci
Matteo Ricci, SJ was an Italian Jesuit priest, and one of the founding figures of the Jesuit China Mission, as it existed in the 17th-18th centuries. His current title is Servant of God....
came here when trying to gain entry to Beijing.
In the 1850s it suffered considerably as a result of the Taiping Rebellion
Taiping Rebellion
The Taiping Rebellion was a widespread civil war in southern China from 1850 to 1864, led by heterodox Christian convert Hong Xiuquan, who, having received visions, maintained that he was the younger brother of Jesus Christ, against the ruling Manchu-led Qing Dynasty...
(1850–64), and its importance as a commercial center declined as the overland routes to Canton
Guangzhou
Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port...
were replaced by coastal steamship services in the latter half of the 19th century. Nanchang has, however, remained the undisputed regional metropolis
Metropolis
A metropolis is a very large city or urban area which is a significant economic, political and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections and communications...
of Jiangxi.
On August 1, 1927, Nanchang was the site of one of a series of insurrections organized by the Chinese Communist Party. The Nanchang Uprising
Nanchang Uprising
The Nanchang Uprising was the first major Kuomintang-Communist engagement of the Chinese Civil War, in order to counter the anti-communist purges by the Nationalist Party of China....
, led by pro-communist Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
officers under Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n direction, succeeded in holding the city for only a few days, and provided a core of troops and a method of organization from which the People's Liberation Army
People's Liberation Army
The People's Liberation Army is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as "PLA Day" — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China...
(PLA) later developed.
In 1939, the Battle of Nanchang, a ferocious battle between the Chinese National Revolutionary Army
National Revolutionary Army
The National Revolutionary Army , pre-1928 sometimes shortened to 革命軍 or Revolutionary Army and between 1928-1947 as 國軍 or National Army was the Military Arm of the Kuomintang from 1925 until 1947, as well as the national army of the Republic of China during the KMT's period of party rule...
and the Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
ese Imperial Japanese Army
Imperial Japanese Army
-Foundation:During the Meiji Restoration, the military forces loyal to the Emperor were samurai drawn primarily from the loyalist feudal domains of Satsuma and Chōshū...
in the Second Sino-Japanese War
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...
took place.
In 1949 Nanchang was still essentially an old-style administrative and commercial city, with little industry apart from food processing
Food processing
Food processing is the set of methods and techniques used to transform raw ingredients into food or to transform food into other forms for consumption by humans or animals either in the home or by the food processing industry...
; it had a population of about 275,000. Nanchang first acquired a rail
Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles merely run on a prepared surface, rail vehicles are also directionally guided by the tracks they run on...
connection in 1915, when the line to Jiujiang
Jiujiang
Jiujiang , formerly transliterated Kiukiang, is a prefecture-level city located on the southern shores of the Yangtze River in northwest Jiangxi Province, China. It is the second-largest prefecture-level city in Jiangxi province, the largest one being Nanchang...
, a port on the Yangtze River, was opened. Several other rail links have since been opened. After World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
a line was completed to Linchuan and Gongqi in the Ru River Valley to the south-southeast.
Since 1949 Nanchang has been extensively industrialized. It is now a large-scale producer of cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
textiles and cotton yarn. Papermaking
Papermaking
Papermaking is the process of making paper, a substance which is used universally today for writing and packaging.In papermaking a dilute suspension of fibres in water is drained through a screen, so that a mat of randomly interwoven fibres is laid down. Water is removed from this mat of fibres by...
is also a large industry, as is food processing (especially rice milling
Mill (grinding)
A grinding mill is a unit operation designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them. Historically mills were powered by hand , working animal , wind or water...
). Heavy industry
Heavy industry
Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning as compared to light industry. It can mean production of products which are either heavy in weight or in the processes leading to their production. In general, it is a popular term used within the name of many Japanese and Korean firms, meaning...
began to be important in the mid-1950s. A large thermal-power plant was installed and uses coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
brought by rail from Fengcheng
Fengcheng
Fengcheng may refer to the following locations in China:*Fengcheng, Jiangxi , county-level city of Yichun, Jiangxi*Fengcheng, Liaoning , county-level city of Dandong, Liaoning*Fengcheng Town , name of various towns...
, to the south. A machinery industry also grew up, at first mainly concentrating on the production of agricultural equipment and diesel engine
Diesel engine
A diesel engine is an internal combustion engine that uses the heat of compression to initiate ignition to burn the fuel, which is injected into the combustion chamber...
s. Nanchang then became a center of the automotive industry
Automotive industry
The automotive industry designs, develops, manufactures, markets, and sells motor vehicles, and is one of the world's most important economic sectors by revenue....
, producing trucks and tractors and also such equipment as tires. An iron-smelting
Smelting
Smelting is a form of extractive metallurgy; its main use is to produce a metal from its ore. This includes iron extraction from iron ore, and copper extraction and other base metals from their ores...
plant helping to supply local industry was installed in the later 1950s. There is also a large chemical industry
Chemical industry
The chemical industry comprises the companies that produce industrial chemicals. Central to the modern world economy, it converts raw materials into more than 70,000 different products.-Products:...
, producing agricultural chemicals and insecticides as well as pharmaceuticals.
Geography and climate
Nanchang is located 130 km south of the Yangtze RiverYangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
and is situated on the right bank of the Gan River just below its confluence with the Jin River
Jin River
Jin River may refer to several rivers in China:*Jin River , in Sichuan, China, tributary of Min River*Jin River , in Fujian, China, passing Jinjiang, Fujian*Jin River , a Song-dynasty river in northern China...
and some 40 km southwest of its discharge into Poyang Lake.
Nanchang has a monsoon
Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea...
-influenced humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
(Koppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
Cfa) with four distinct seasons. Winters are short and cool with occasional frosts; snow is not unheard of but heavy falls are otherwise rare. Summer is long and humid, with amongst the highest temperatures in China. Rain is greatest from March to June, and least in fall and early winter. Monthly averages in the city range from 5.3 °C (41.5 °F) in January to 29.2 °C (84.6 °F) in July, with an annual mean of 17.6 °C (63.7 °F).
Demographics
At the 2010 census, Nanchang has a population of 5,042,865 people and a built up area of about 3 million. 37 ethnic groups were counted amongst its prefecture divisions.Administration
- Donghu DistrictDonghu DistrictDonghu District , literally meaning "east lake district", is a district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. The district was created in the Tang Dynasty when a bridge was built across Nanchang's Taihu lake, dividing the area into the East and West Lake districts...
(东湖区) - Xihu DistrictXihu District, NanchangXihu District , literally meaning "west lake district", is a district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. The district was created in the Tang Dynasty when a bridge was built across Nanchang's Taihu lake, dividing the area into the East and West Lake districts...
(西湖区) - Qingyunpu DistrictQingyunpu DistrictQingyupu District , is a district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. It covers over 40 square kilometers and as of 2004 had a population of 240,000.-Administrative divisions:It is divided into 5 areas:...
(青云谱区) - Wanli DistrictWanli DistrictWanli District , is a district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. It covers over 254 square kilometers in the northwestern part of Nanchang, within the West Mountains. More than 70% is forest-covered and the majority of the economy is natural resource based, with forestry and...
(湾里区) - Qingshanhu DistrictQingshanhu DistrictQingshan District , is a district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. It covers over 220 square kilometers and as of 2003 had a population of 670,000.-Administrative divisions:...
(青山湖区) - Honggutan New DistrictHonggutan New DistrictHonggutan New District is a new district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. It covers over 50 square kilometers and had a population of 600,000.-Administrative divisions:It is divided into 4 areas:...
(红谷滩新区) - Nanchang CountyNanchang CountyNanchang is a county of the province of Jiangxi in the People's Republic of China. It lies in the prefecture of Nanchang.The population in 1999 was 1999.-Towns:*Liantang *Xiangtang *Sanjiang...
(南昌县) - Xinjian CountyXinjian CountyXinjian is a county in the province of Jiangxi in the People's Republic of China. It is part of the prefecture of Nanchang.In 1999 it had a population of .- External links :*...
(新建县) - Anyi CountyAnyi CountyAnyi is a county in the province of Jiangxi in the People's Republic of China. It lies in the prefecture of Nanchang.In 1999, the county had a population of .- External links :*...
(安义县) - Jinxian CountyJinxian CountyJinxian is a county in the province of Jiangxi in the People's Republic of China. It lies in the prefecture of Nanchang.The population in 1999 was .- External links :*...
(进贤县)
Economy
Nanchang is a regional hub for agricultural production in Jiangxi Province. The yield of grain was 16.146 million tons in 2000. Products such as rice and oranges are economic staples. The Ford Motor CompanyFord Motor Company
Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford and Lincoln brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK...
has a plant in Nanchang, assembling the Ford Transit
Ford Transit
The Ford Transit is a range of panel vans, minibuses, and pickup trucks, produced by the Ford Motor Company in Europe.The Transit has been the best-selling light commercial vehicle in Europe for 40 years, and in some countries the term "Transit" has passed into common usage as a generic term...
van
Van
A van is a kind of vehicle used for transporting goods or groups of people.In British English usage, it can be either specially designed or based on a saloon or sedan car, the latter type often including derivatives with open backs...
as part of the Jiangling Motor joint venture
Joint venture
A joint venture is a business agreement in which parties agree to develop, for a finite time, a new entity and new assets by contributing equity. They exercise control over the enterprise and consequently share revenues, expenses and assets...
. Many of its industry revolves around aircraft manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, metallurgy, electro-mechanics, textile, chemical engineering, traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to a broad range of medicine practices sharing common theoretical concepts which have been developed in China and are based on a tradition of more than 2,000 years, including various forms of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage , exercise , and dietary therapy...
, pharmaceuticals and others.
The GDP of Nanchang in 2008 was 166 billion Yuan (24.3 billion USD). The GDP per capita was 36,105 Yuan (5,285 USD). The total value of imports and exports was 3.4 billion US dollars.
The total financial revenue was 23 billion Yuan.
Industrial zones
National level development zones- Nanchang Export Processing Zone
Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone is located in Nanchang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone, it was approved by the State Council on May 8, 2006, and passed the national acceptance inspection on Sep 7th, 2007. It has a planning area of 1 sqkm and now has built 0.31 sqkm. It enjoys simple and convenient customs clearances,and special preferential policies both for Nanchang National Export Expressing Zone and NCHDZ.
- Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone
Nanchang National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (NCHDZ for short hereafter) is the only national grade high-tech zoned in Jiangxi, it was established in Mar. 1991. The zone covers an area of 231 square kilometers, in which 32 square kilometers have been completed. NCHDZ possesses unique nature condition and sound industry foundation of accepting electronics industry. NCHDZ has brought 25% industrial added value and 50% industrial benefit and tax to Nanchang city by using only 0.4% land area.
- Nanchang Economic and Technological Development Zone
Provincial level development zones
- Jiangxi Sanghai Economic and Technological Development Zone
- Nanchang Yingxiong Economic and Technological Development Zone
Special economic district
- Honggutan New DistrictHonggutan New DistrictHonggutan New District is a new district of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province, China. It covers over 50 square kilometers and had a population of 600,000.-Administrative divisions:It is divided into 4 areas:...
Transportation
Rail
Nanchang has extensive railway infrastructure which connects to many important cities in other provinces. The Beijing-Jiulong Railway and ShanghaiShanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
-Kunming
Kunming
' is the capital and largest city of Yunnan Province in Southwest China. It was known as Yunnan-Fou until the 1920s. A prefecture-level city, it is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of Yunnan, and is the seat of the provincial government...
Railway (formerly Zhe-Gan Railway, literally Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. The word Zhejiang was the old name of the Qiantang River, which passes through Hangzhou, the provincial capital...
-Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
Railway) both meet at Nanchang making Nanchang one of the most important transport hubs in Southern China. In addition, it is the only provincial capital located on the Jingjiu Railway. It is also the home to the Nanchang Bureau of Railways, which operates the majority of the railway network in the provinces of Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
and Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...
.
From 2007, Nanchang is also connected with neighboring cities Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Hangzhou , formerly transliterated as Hangchow, is the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China. Governed as a sub-provincial city, and as of 2010, its entire administrative division or prefecture had a registered population of 8.7 million people...
, Changsha and Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
with CRH (China Railway High-speed
China Railway High-speed
China Railway High-speed ; ) is the high-speed rail system operated by China Railways.Hexie Hao is the designation for high-speed trains running on this rail system. At the middle of the run, all trains were marked "CRH" on the centre of the head vehicle and the side of the walls of each vehicle...
).
- Nanchang Changbei International AirportNanchang Changbei International AirportNanchang Changbei International Airport is an airport in Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China. . It is located 28 km north of Nanchang. Construction began in October 1996 and went into operation on September 10, 1999. Nanchang Changbei International Airport replaced Nanchang...
(南昌昌北国际机场) - Beijing-Jiulong Railway (京九铁路)
- Shanghai-Kunming RailwayShanghai-Kunming railwayThe Shanghai-Kunming Railway or Hukun Railway , also known as the Hukun Line, is a major arterial railroad across eastern, south central and southwest China. It connects Shanghai, whose shorthand name is Hu, and Kunming. The line has a total length of 2,690 km and passes through Shanghai...
(沪昆铁路) - Nanchang Railway StationNanchang Railway StationNanchang Railway Station is a railway station of Jingjiu railway and Changjiu Intercity Railway. The station located in the town of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.-See also:*Nanchang Rail Transit...
(南昌火车站)
Air
Nanchang Changbei International AirportNanchang Changbei International Airport
Nanchang Changbei International Airport is an airport in Nanchang, Jiangxi, People’s Republic of China. . It is located 28 km north of Nanchang. Construction began in October 1996 and went into operation on September 10, 1999. Nanchang Changbei International Airport replaced Nanchang...
(KHN) built in 1996 is the main international airport. It is situated in Lehua Town, 26 kilometres north of the CDB area. Changbei International Airport is the only one in Jiangxi Province which has an international air route. The airport is connected to major mainland cities such as Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Haikou, Shanghai and Beijing.
Road
The road transport infrastructure in Nanchang is extensive. A number of national highways cross through the city. They are the National roads No.105 from Beijing to Zhuhai, No.320 from Shanghai to Kunming, and No.316 from Fuzhou to Lanzhou. The major transport companies that operate in Nanchang are the Chang'an Transport Company Limited, the Nanchang Long-distance Bus Station, and the Xufang Bus Station.The Nanchang Long-distance Bus Station serves long distance routes to Nanjing, Shenzhen, Hefei and other cites outside Jiangxi Province. The Xufang Bus Station operates routes to cities, towns and counties within Jiangxi Province.
Water
Nanchang is situated on the Gan River, the Fu River, Elephant Lake, Qingshan Lake, and Aixi Lake. Hence the water routes for Nanchang critically important for the economy, trade and shipping. Nanchang Port is the biggest port on the Gan River. Passengers can take Nanchang Port and travel by boat to the Jinggang Shan and Tengwang Pavilion. There are passenger ships that also visit Poyang Lake, Stone Bell Hill, Poyang Lake Bird Protection Area, Dagu Hill and other attractions.Landmarks
The Tengwang Pavilion, a towering pavilion dating to 653,on the east bank of the Gan River and is one of "the Four Great Towers of China"
Poyang Lake, the largest fresh water lake in China, it is also called "the Migrator Birds Paradise".
It is also home to the Star of Nanchang
Star of Nanchang
The Star of Nanchang is a tall giant Ferris wheel located in the eastern Chinese city of Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi Province.The Star of Nanchang opened for business in May 2006, having cost 57 million Yuan to build...
, which was the world's tallest Ferris wheel
Ferris wheel
A Ferris wheel is a nonbuilding structure consisting of a rotating upright wheel with passenger cars attached to the rim in such a way that as the wheel turns, the cars are kept upright, usually by gravity.Some of the largest and most modern Ferris wheels have cars mounted on...
from 2006-2008.
The Jiangxi Provincial Museum and Bada Shanren Exhibition Hall.
Colleges and universities
- Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsJiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsJiangxi University of Finance and Economics is a university in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.It is a well known university in China....
(江西财经大学) (founded 1923) - Nanchang UniversityNanchang UniversityNanchang University is an institution of tertiary education located in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. Nanchang University was established in 1940 as Zhongzheng University...
(南昌大学) - Jiangxi Normal UniversityJiangxi Normal UniversityJiangxi Normal University is a university in Nanchang, Jiangxi.-External links:*...
(江西师范大学) - Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityJiangxi Agricultural UniversityJiangxi Agricultural University is located in the northern suburbs of Nanchang city. Nanchang is the capital city of Jiangxi province. JXAU is a key province-run university and is one of the first universities in China to confer Bachelor's and Master's degrees...
(江西农业大学) - East China Jiaotong University (华东交通大学)
- Nanchang Aeronautical University (南昌航空工业学院)
- Jiangxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (江西中医学院)
- Nanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang Institute of TechnologyNanchang Institute of Technology is a university in Nanchang, Jiangxi, China....
(南昌工程学院) - Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityJiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityJiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University (JXSTNU; ） is a teacher training college located in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, and is currently the only university in...
(江西科技师范学院) - jiangxi Manufacturing and Vocational College （江西制造职业技术学院）
Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
Twin towns – sister cities
Nanchang is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with:
Peine
Peine
Peine is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, capital of the district Peine. It is situated on the river Fuhse and the Mittellandkanal, approx. 25 km west of Braunschweig, and 40 km east of Hanover.- History :...
, Germany (October 13, 2009) Skopje
Skopje
Skopje is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia with about a third of the total population. It is the country's political, cultural, economic, and academic centre...
, Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
(March 20, 1984) Toluca
Toluca
Toluca, formally known as Toluca de Lerdo, is the state capital of Mexico State as well as the seat of the Municipality of Toluca. It is the center of a rapidly growing urban area, now the fifth largest in Mexico. It is located west-southwest of Mexico City and only about 40 minutes by car to the...
, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
(August 16, 1988) Takamatsu
Takamatsu, Kagawa
is a city located in central Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku in Japan, and is the seat of the prefectural government. It is designated a core city by the Japanese Government. It is a port city located on the Seto Inland Sea, and is the closest port to Honshu from Shikoku island...
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
(March 20, 1984) Valkeakoski
Valkeakoski
Valkeakoski is a town and municipality in Finland.Valkeakoski is located south of Tampere and north of Helsinki in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Pirkanmaa region. The municipality has a population of...
, Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
(March 20, 1984) Toijala
Toijala
Toijala is a former town and municipality of Finland, located some south of Tampere. On 1 January 2007, it was consolidated with Viiala to form the town of Akaa....
, Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
(March 20, 1984) Dijon
Dijon
Dijon is a city in eastern France, the capital of the Côte-d'Or département and of the Burgundy region.Dijon is the historical capital of the region of Burgundy. Population : 151,576 within the city limits; 250,516 for the greater Dijon area....
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
(March 20, 1984) Naju
Naju
Naju is a city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea.The capital of South Jeolla was located at Naju until it was moved to Gwangju in 1895. The name Jeolla actually originates from the first character of Jeonju and the first character of Naju . Dongshin University is situated in Naju...
, South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
(March 20, 1984) Sorocaba
Sorocaba
Sorocaba is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the fourth largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, Sao Jose dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto...
, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
(March 20, 1984)