Naphegy
Encyclopedia
Naphegy is a hill and neighbourhood in Budapest
, Hungary
. It is part of Krisztinaváros
and administratively belongs to the 1st District.
, between Gellérthegy and Tabán
. Its boundaries are Hegyalja út, Naphegy utca, Gellérthegy utca and Mészáros utca.
The highest point (154 m) is on Naphegy tér (Naphegy Circus).
and Gellérthegy. In the Middle Ages
the hill was called Nyárshegy ("Stake Hill"), probably referring to its function as a scaffold. (The name is preserved in the name of today's Nyárs Street, where the traitor Lieutenant Conrad Fink – who, during the 1686 siege of Buda
, planned to surrender the Castle of Buda
to the Pasha of Fehérvár
– was executed in 1687.)
In 1686 Buda was freed from the Turks. Naphegy played a vital role in this: from the hill the castle walls could be kept under incessant cannonfire. In the 17th–18th centuries newly settled Serbs resurrected viticulture in the area. (The fyloxera epidemic of the 1880s brought vinegrowing to the end.) The slopes of the hill remained unbuilt for centuries. A map by Benedict J. from 1896 shows the hill still unbuilt at that time.
On a map from 1885 five streets of Naphegy are mentioned: Mészáros (Butcher), Gellérthegy ("Gellért Hill"), Naphegy, Lisznyai and Czakó Streets. The area bordered by these streets was still unbuilt. The immediate surroundings of today's Naphegy tér were still empty according to the Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, published in 1905, but the Révai Lexicon published between 1910–1914 shows the whole area built up. Most of the buildings on Naphegy today were built between 1910–1939.
The history of Naphegy is inseparable from that of the neighboring Tabán
district. After the 1930 urban planning
in Budapest, only a few old Tabán houses were left in the Naphegy area; one of them was the Tabán school, destroyed during the battle of Budapest
, January 1945. Today a sports field is found where once the school had been.
The events of World War II
in this area can be followed from the diaries and memoirs of its inhabitants. László Deseő, who was 15 years old in 1944, lived in 32 Mészáros Street with his family. This was one of the most heavily attacked areas because of its proximity to the Southern Railway Station
and the strategical importance of the hill. Deseő kept a diary throughout the siege. The memoirs of András Németh also describe the siege and the bombing of the empty school building which he and his fellow soldiers used as an observation post shortly before.
After 1945 the pupils from Naphegy attended the Krisztina Téri Iskola
(Christina Square Grade School), while the new school in Lisznyai Street was under construction. In 1953 the MTI (Hungarian News Agency
) moved to its new headquarters atop Naphegy.
One of the houses typical of old Tabán can be seen on the corner of Czakó and Aladár Streets. Before 1953 there was a similar house in place of today's Lisznyai Street School.
Duna TV
, the first satellite TV channel of Hungary began broadcasting on December 24, 1992. Originally based in the Róna Street building of Mafilm, the staff moved to the Mészáros Street of Naphegy in 1994.
http://lexikon.meyers.de/index.php/Meyers-Meyers_Lexikon_online
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
. It is part of Krisztinaváros
Krisztinaváros
Krisztinaváros is a neighbourhood in central Budapest, situated just west of Castle Hill, north of Tabán. It is named after Archduchess Maria Christina, daughter of Maria Theresa, who interceded for buildings to be erected in this area...
and administratively belongs to the 1st District.
Location
Naphegy is rising south of the center of KrisztinavárosKrisztinaváros
Krisztinaváros is a neighbourhood in central Budapest, situated just west of Castle Hill, north of Tabán. It is named after Archduchess Maria Christina, daughter of Maria Theresa, who interceded for buildings to be erected in this area...
, between Gellérthegy and Tabán
Tabán
Tabán usually refers to an area within the 1st district of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It lies on the Buda side of the Danube, to the south of György Dózsa Square, on the northern side of Elisabeth Bridge and to the east of Naphegy...
. Its boundaries are Hegyalja út, Naphegy utca, Gellérthegy utca and Mészáros utca.
The highest point (154 m) is on Naphegy tér (Naphegy Circus).
History
The history of Naphegy is inseparable from that of the neighboring TabánTabán
Tabán usually refers to an area within the 1st district of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It lies on the Buda side of the Danube, to the south of György Dózsa Square, on the northern side of Elisabeth Bridge and to the east of Naphegy...
and Gellérthegy. In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
the hill was called Nyárshegy ("Stake Hill"), probably referring to its function as a scaffold. (The name is preserved in the name of today's Nyárs Street, where the traitor Lieutenant Conrad Fink – who, during the 1686 siege of Buda
Buda
For detailed information see: History of Buda CastleBuda is the western part of the Hungarian capital Budapest on the west bank of the Danube. The name Buda takes its name from the name of Bleda the Hun ruler, whose name is also Buda in Hungarian.Buda comprises about one-third of Budapest's...
, planned to surrender the Castle of Buda
Buda Castle
Buda Castle is the historical castle and palace complex of the Hungarian kings in Budapest, first completed in 1265. In the past, it was also called Royal Palace and Royal Castle ....
to the Pasha of Fehérvár
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár is a city in central Hungary and is the 9th largest in the country. Located around southwest of Budapest. It is inhabited by 101,973 people , with 136,995 in the Székesfehérvár Subregion. The city is the centre of Fejér county and the regional centre of Central Transdanubia...
– was executed in 1687.)
In 1686 Buda was freed from the Turks. Naphegy played a vital role in this: from the hill the castle walls could be kept under incessant cannonfire. In the 17th–18th centuries newly settled Serbs resurrected viticulture in the area. (The fyloxera epidemic of the 1880s brought vinegrowing to the end.) The slopes of the hill remained unbuilt for centuries. A map by Benedict J. from 1896 shows the hill still unbuilt at that time.
On a map from 1885 five streets of Naphegy are mentioned: Mészáros (Butcher), Gellérthegy ("Gellért Hill"), Naphegy, Lisznyai and Czakó Streets. The area bordered by these streets was still unbuilt. The immediate surroundings of today's Naphegy tér were still empty according to the Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, published in 1905, but the Révai Lexicon published between 1910–1914 shows the whole area built up. Most of the buildings on Naphegy today were built between 1910–1939.
The history of Naphegy is inseparable from that of the neighboring Tabán
Tabán
Tabán usually refers to an area within the 1st district of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It lies on the Buda side of the Danube, to the south of György Dózsa Square, on the northern side of Elisabeth Bridge and to the east of Naphegy...
district. After the 1930 urban planning
Urban planning
Urban planning incorporates areas such as economics, design, ecology, sociology, geography, law, political science, and statistics to guide and ensure the orderly development of settlements and communities....
in Budapest, only a few old Tabán houses were left in the Naphegy area; one of them was the Tabán school, destroyed during the battle of Budapest
Battle of Budapest
The Siege of Budapest centered on the Hungarian capital city of Budapest. It was fought towards the end of World War II in Europe, during the Soviet Budapest Offensive. The siege started when Budapest, defended by Hungarian and German troops, was first encircled on 29 December 1944 by the Red Army...
, January 1945. Today a sports field is found where once the school had been.
The events of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
in this area can be followed from the diaries and memoirs of its inhabitants. László Deseő, who was 15 years old in 1944, lived in 32 Mészáros Street with his family. This was one of the most heavily attacked areas because of its proximity to the Southern Railway Station
Southern Railway Station (Budapest)
Budapest Déli pályaudvar or Budapest South railway station is the third largest railway station of Budapest, after Keleti pu and Nyugati pu. It can be found in the 1st district....
and the strategical importance of the hill. Deseő kept a diary throughout the siege. The memoirs of András Németh also describe the siege and the bombing of the empty school building which he and his fellow soldiers used as an observation post shortly before.
After 1945 the pupils from Naphegy attended the Krisztina Téri Iskola
Krisztina Téri Iskola
Krisztina Téri Iskola a 220 years old historic school in the I. district of Budapest, Krisztinaváros, Hungary ."The school started after vintage in 1787". - History :...
(Christina Square Grade School), while the new school in Lisznyai Street was under construction. In 1953 the MTI (Hungarian News Agency
Magyar Távirati Iroda
MTI is a Hungarian news agency. One of the oldest news agencies in the world, it was founded in 1880.MTI is owned by MTI Rt., founded by the Parliament. The members of the Owners’ Advisory Body are elected by the National Assembly of Hungary on four-year terms. It's a marketleader, and is...
) moved to its new headquarters atop Naphegy.
One of the houses typical of old Tabán can be seen on the corner of Czakó and Aladár Streets. Before 1953 there was a similar house in place of today's Lisznyai Street School.
Duna TV
Duna TV
Duna TV or Duna Televízió is one of two public television services in Hungary. "Duna" is the Hungarian name for the Danube. Duna TV operates two channels: Channel 1 and Channel 2-Autonómia....
, the first satellite TV channel of Hungary began broadcasting on December 24, 1992. Originally based in the Róna Street building of Mafilm, the staff moved to the Mészáros Street of Naphegy in 1994.
Famous people
- János FadruszJános FadruszJános Fadrusz was a Hungarian sculptor. He was a celebrated artist of the age with many important public commission.-Early life:...
, sculptor (built his villa and study on the south slopes of the hill) - Péter Gárdos, journalist (a memorial plaque of him is placed on the wall of the Naphegy Square building of MTIMagyar Távirati IrodaMTI is a Hungarian news agency. One of the oldest news agencies in the world, it was founded in 1880.MTI is owned by MTI Rt., founded by the Parliament. The members of the Owners’ Advisory Body are elected by the National Assembly of Hungary on four-year terms. It's a marketleader, and is...
Hungarian News Agency) - Margit KaffkaMargit KaffkaMargit Kaffka was a Hungarian writer and poet.Called a "great, great writer" by Endre Ady, she was one of the most important female Hungarian authors, and an important member of the Nyugat generation...
, writer (lived in 15 Naphegy Street from July 1915 to her death in December 1918) - Józsi Jenő Tersánszky (lived in 9 Avar Street)
- Endre Vészi (lived in Angelikaváros)
Institutions
- Magyar Távirati IrodaMagyar Távirati IrodaMTI is a Hungarian news agency. One of the oldest news agencies in the world, it was founded in 1880.MTI is owned by MTI Rt., founded by the Parliament. The members of the Owners’ Advisory Body are elected by the National Assembly of Hungary on four-year terms. It's a marketleader, and is...
(Hungarian News Agency, MTIMTIMTI may stand for:* MTI, Message Type Indicator.* MTI Consulting, a consulting firm based in Bahrain.* MTI Consultancy, Machwuerth Team International Group, a consultancy based in Germany.* Magyar Távirati Iroda, a Hungarian news wire agency....
) - Duna Televízió
- Lisznyai Street School
List of streets and squares in Naphegy
- Aladár Street
- Ág Street
- Czakó Street
- Derék Street
- Dezső Street
- Fenyő Street
- Fém Street
- Galeotti Street
- Gellérthegy Street
- Lisznyai Street
- Naphegy Square 47.493168°N 19.032602°W
- Naphegy Street
- Nyárs Street
- Orvos Street
- Párduc Street
- Piroska Street
- Róka Street
- Tibor Street
- Tigris Street
- Zsolt Street
Sources
- Meyers Konversations-LexikonMeyers Konversations-LexikonMeyers Konversations-Lexikon or Meyers Lexikon was a major German encyclopedia that existed in various editions, and several titles, from 1839 until 1984, when it merged with the Brockhaus encyclopedia....
1905
http://lexikon.meyers.de/index.php/Meyers-Meyers_Lexikon_online
- Révai Lexicon 1910
- Élet és Tudomány – Szablyár Péter: A Nap-hegy text in Hungarian, with rare old maps of Naphegy