Nassour Guelendouksia Ouaido
Encyclopedia
Nassour Guelendouksia Ouaido (born 1947) is a Chad
ian politician. He was Prime Minister of Chad from 1997 to 1999 and was President of the National Assembly of Chad
from 2002 to 2011.
A southerner, he was born in 1947 at Gounou Gaya.
A demographer
specialising in Sub-Saharan Africa
, he started his studies in N'Djamena
, where he obtained his baccalauréat
, and after that took a diplôme d'Ingénieur
at Abidjan
's School of Statistics. He later completed his education by receiving a diploma at Yaoundé
and, lastly, at the Paris Demography Institute. Ouaido began his working career as co-director of the projected 1974-75 Chadian national census. He successively worked at the Permanent Interstate Committee for drought control in the Sahel
, becoming in 1988 the interim director of one of its structures, the Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur la Population pour le Développement.
Since 1995 Ouaido has been in politics under the banner of President Idriss Déby
's party, the Patriotic Salvation Movement
(MPS), serving as Minister of Education and Minister of Planning and Cooperation. He was Secretary-General at the President's Office when, following the resignation of Koibla Djimasta
's cabinet, he was appointed by the President on May 17, 1997 as the new Prime Minister. This change originated from the rallying to the government of the opposition leader Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué
, who was thus elected President of the National Assembly with the support of the MPS on May 9. Ouaido's new cabinet included representatives of several parties, even if the key posts were kept by the MPS; it was appointed on May 21.
Ouaido was eventually replaced two years later, on December 13, 1999, and succeeded by Nagoum Yamassoum
, also of the ruling party and considered a close aide of Déby. It is believed that Ouaido's expected removal was motivated by two main reasons: the failure to quell the insurgency led by the former Minister of Interior Youssouf Togoïmi
and the difficulties with the Doba
oilfield project, abandoned by the oil companies Elf Aquitaine
and Royal Dutch Shell
. Another element was the fall of cotton prices, which affected the country's first source of exports and thus increased the deficit.
In the April 2002 parliamentary election
, Ouaido was elected to the National Assembly as an MPS candidate from Gounou Gaya constituency in Kabia Department. When the new National Assembly first met on June 10, 2002, he was elected as the President of the National Assembly.
On February 29, 2008, Ouaido was appointed by Déby to head an international commission of inquiry into the disappearances of opposition leaders who were allegedly arrested by the government earlier in the month. However, there were concerns from the opposition and non-governmental organizations that this commission would not act independently, and it was subsequently replaced by another commission, which was viewed more favorably and was not headed by Ouaido, on April 2.
Chad
Chad , officially known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon and Nigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west...
ian politician. He was Prime Minister of Chad from 1997 to 1999 and was President of the National Assembly of Chad
National Assembly of Chad
The National Assembly is the parliament of Chad. It has 155 members, elected for a four year term in 25 single-member constituencies and 34 multi-member constituencies.-See also:*List of Presidents of the National Assembly of Chad...
from 2002 to 2011.
A southerner, he was born in 1947 at Gounou Gaya.
A demographer
Demography
Demography is the statistical study of human population. It can be a very general science that can be applied to any kind of dynamic human population, that is, one that changes over time or space...
specialising in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa as a geographical term refers to the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara. A political definition of Sub-Saharan Africa, instead, covers all African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara...
, he started his studies in N'Djamena
N'Djamena
N'Djamena is the capital and largest city of Chad. A port on the Chari River, near the confluence with the Logone River, it directly faces the Cameroonian town of Kousséri, to which the city is connected by a bridge. It is also a special statute region, divided in 10 arrondissements. It is a...
, where he obtained his baccalauréat
Baccalauréat
The baccalauréat , often known in France colloquially as le bac, is an academic qualification which French and international students take at the end of the lycée . It was introduced by Napoleon I in 1808. It is the main diploma required to pursue university studies...
, and after that took a diplôme d'Ingénieur
Diplôme d'Ingénieur
The diplôme d'ingénieur is a French diploma of higher education awarded by French Écoles d'Ingénieurs which can be independent schools of engineering or universities with internal school of engineering . This diploma confers the academic title of Ingénieur diplômé de [name of the awarding...
at Abidjan
Abidjan
Abidjan is the economic and former official capital of Côte d'Ivoire, while the current capital is Yamoussoukro. it was the largest city in the nation and the third-largest French-speaking city in the world, after Paris, and Kinshasa but before Montreal...
's School of Statistics. He later completed his education by receiving a diploma at Yaoundé
Yaoundé
-Transportation:Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport is a major civilian hub, while nearby Yaoundé Airport is used by the military. Railway lines run west to the port city of Douala and north to N'Gaoundéré. Many bus companies operate from the city; particularly in the Nsam and Mvan neighborhoods...
and, lastly, at the Paris Demography Institute. Ouaido began his working career as co-director of the projected 1974-75 Chadian national census. He successively worked at the Permanent Interstate Committee for drought control in the Sahel
Permanent Interstate Committee for drought control in the Sahel
The Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel is an international organization consisting of countries in the Sahel region of Africa.According to the official homepage, the organization's mandate is to invest in research for food security and the fight against...
, becoming in 1988 the interim director of one of its structures, the Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur la Population pour le Développement.
Since 1995 Ouaido has been in politics under the banner of President Idriss Déby
Idriss Déby
General Idriss Déby Itno is the President of Chad and the head of the Patriotic Salvation Movement. Déby is of the Bidyat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He added "Itno" to his surname in January 2006.-Rise to power:...
's party, the Patriotic Salvation Movement
Patriotic Salvation Movement
The Patriotic Salvation Movement is the ruling political party in Chad.After Idriss Déby, an army commander who participated in an unsuccessful plot against President Hissène Habré in 1989, fled to Sudan, he and his supporters, known as the April 1 Movement, operated from Sudan with Libyan backing...
(MPS), serving as Minister of Education and Minister of Planning and Cooperation. He was Secretary-General at the President's Office when, following the resignation of Koibla Djimasta
Koibla Djimasta
Koibla Djimasta was a Chadian politician of Sara ethnicity from the southern Chari-Baguirmi Prefecture.An administrator, Djimasta held various cabinet positions under Presidents Hissène Habré and Idriss Déby, beginning with his appointment as Minister of Health and Social Affairs in the cabinet...
's cabinet, he was appointed by the President on May 17, 1997 as the new Prime Minister. This change originated from the rallying to the government of the opposition leader Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué
Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué
Wadel Abdelkader Kamougué was a Chadian politician and former army officer. Kamougué was a leading figure in the 1975 coup d'état and since then he has held several positions in the Chadian government and legislature. He was Vice-President from 1979 to 1982 and was President of the National...
, who was thus elected President of the National Assembly with the support of the MPS on May 9. Ouaido's new cabinet included representatives of several parties, even if the key posts were kept by the MPS; it was appointed on May 21.
Ouaido was eventually replaced two years later, on December 13, 1999, and succeeded by Nagoum Yamassoum
Nagoum Yamassoum
Nagoum Yamassoum is a Chadian politician. He was Prime Minister of Chad from 1999 to 2002 and Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 2003 to 2005....
, also of the ruling party and considered a close aide of Déby. It is believed that Ouaido's expected removal was motivated by two main reasons: the failure to quell the insurgency led by the former Minister of Interior Youssouf Togoïmi
Youssouf Togoïmi
Youssouf Togoïmi was a leading Chadian politician who served in the government under President Idriss Déby but subsequently led a rebel group, the Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad , against Déby....
and the difficulties with the Doba
Doba
Doba is a city in Chad, the capital of the region of Logone Oriental.Exploitation of oil resources in the vicinity of Doba is expected to produce economic benefits.The town is served by Doba Airport.-Demographics:...
oilfield project, abandoned by the oil companies Elf Aquitaine
Elf Aquitaine
Elf Aquitaine was a French oil company which merged with TotalFina to form TotalFinaElf. The new company changed its name to Total in 2003...
and Royal Dutch Shell
Royal Dutch Shell
Royal Dutch Shell plc , commonly known as Shell, is a global oil and gas company headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands and with its registered office in London, United Kingdom. It is the fifth-largest company in the world according to a composite measure by Forbes magazine and one of the six...
. Another element was the fall of cotton prices, which affected the country's first source of exports and thus increased the deficit.
In the April 2002 parliamentary election
Chadian parliamentary election, 2002
The Chadian parliamentary election of 2002 was the second multi-party parliamentary election since the independence of Chad, and came after the normal expiry of the mandate of the National Assembly's deputies...
, Ouaido was elected to the National Assembly as an MPS candidate from Gounou Gaya constituency in Kabia Department. When the new National Assembly first met on June 10, 2002, he was elected as the President of the National Assembly.
On February 29, 2008, Ouaido was appointed by Déby to head an international commission of inquiry into the disappearances of opposition leaders who were allegedly arrested by the government earlier in the month. However, there were concerns from the opposition and non-governmental organizations that this commission would not act independently, and it was subsequently replaced by another commission, which was viewed more favorably and was not headed by Ouaido, on April 2.