National Society for Human Rights - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The National Society for Human Rights (NSHR) is a Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...

n human rights

Human rights

Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...

organisation closely associated with the Saudi government and established on 10 March 2004, two years after the Human Rights First Society

Human Rights First Society

The Human Rights First Society is a Saudi Arabian human rights non-governmental organisation led by Ibrahim al-Mugaiteeb since 2002.-Founding and status:...

applied unsuccessfully for a licence. The President of the Society is Bandr Hajjar.

Profile

The National Society for Human Rights (NSHR) implements the international human rights charters signed by Saudi Arabia, and it also includes a special panel to monitor violations of women's rights. According to its resolution, the Society seeks to protect human rights and preserve human dignity as ordered by Allah

Allah

Allah is a word for God used in the context of Islam. In Arabic, the word means simply "God". It is used primarily by Muslims and Bahá'ís, and often, albeit not exclusively, used by Arabic-speaking Eastern Catholic Christians, Maltese Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox Christians, Mizrahi Jews and...

, Most Powerful, in the Qur’an: “And indeed We have honoured the Children of Adam”. It seeks to support the rights of citizens, to monitor and pursue their rights as established and recognized by Islamic Sharia

Sharia

Sharia law, is the moral code and religious law of Islam. Sharia is derived from two primary sources of Islamic law: the precepts set forth in the Quran, and the example set by the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Sunnah. Fiqh jurisprudence interprets and extends the application of sharia to...

law and applicable regulations, and seeks to protect citizens from possible violations, abuses, and breaches of those rights. It also seeks to contribute to international efforts and worldwide cooperation aimed at preserving human rights. The main office is in Riyadh

Riyadh

Riyadh is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia. It is also the capital of Riyadh Province, and belongs to the historical regions of Najd and Al-Yamama. It is situated in the center of the Arabian Peninsula on a large plateau, and is home to 5,254,560 people, and the urban center of a...

, but it also has four other branches in Saudi Arabia, located in Jeddah

Jeddah

Jeddah, Jiddah, Jidda, or Jedda is a city located on the coast of the Red Sea and is the major urban center of western Saudi Arabia. It is the largest city in Makkah Province, the largest sea port on the Red Sea, and the second largest city in Saudi Arabia after the capital city, Riyadh. The...

, Makkah, Jizan, and East Province, and it is working to open a fifth branch in Aljouf. The Society consists of 41 founding members, six of whom are women.

The idea of establishing NSHR

Several citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia sought to establish the National Society for Human Rights based on the following:

The importance of human rights in social life.
The great challenges that face the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, both locally and internationally.
The desire for patriotic participation in facing challenges, arriving at the truth, identifying the weaknesses, and aiding in handling them.
Aiding the State in achieving justice and fighting oppression.
Defending the application of the Islamic Laws (Shariah).

The bodies of the Society

The bodies of the Society includes:

The General Assembly.
The Executive Council.
The President of the Society.
Two Vice Presidents of the Society.
Secretary General of the Society.

Objectives of NSHR

The objectives of the Society are as follows:

To endeavor to protect the human rights according to the Constitution of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which is based on the Quran and the teachings of Mohammad and in accordance with applied regulations, along with the Declarations and Covenants of Human Rights issued by the Arab League
Arab League
The Arab League , officially called the League of Arab States , is a regional organisation of Arab states in North and Northeast Africa, and Southwest Asia . It was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan , Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Yemen joined as a...

, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

and its agencies and specialized committees, so long as they do not contradict with Islamic Shariah (Islamic Laws).
To cooperate with the international organizations working in the same field.
To stand against injustice, abuse, violence, torture, and intolerance

Functions of the Society

The functions of the Society are as follows

To ensure the enforcement of rules of the Constitution and the internal regulations of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia pertaining to human rights.
To ensure the fulfillment of the obligation of the Kingdom concerning issues of human rights, according to the contents of the Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam, the charter of the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

, and international covenants and documents of human rights.
To receive complaints and grievances, follow them up with competent entities, and to verify claims regarding violations and abuses of human rights.
To present views and proposals to governmental and non-governmental bodies for teaching and dissemination of information in the field of human rights.
To handle human rights issues dealt with by international bodies, in general, and by non-governmental international organizations, in particular.
To study international covenants and documents of international human rights and their applications.
To conduct international, regional, and local conferences, symposia, and courses pertaining to human rights.
To encourage regional and international cooperation for the promotion and protection of human rights.
To publish specialized publications and releases on human rights.

Functions of the General Assembly

The General Assembly performs and undertakes the following duties and tasks:

To adopt the Constitution of the Society and any amendments thereof, along with the internal regulations.
To elect the members of the Executive Council.
To elect the President of the Society and the Vice Presidents four years subject to renewal.
To adopt the annual report.
To appoint the Comptroller and determine his remuneration.
To adopt the report of the Comptroller.
To adopt the annual budget.
To dissolve the Society.

The Executive Council

The Executive Council consists of nine members including the President and the Vice Presidents. The membership period of the Council is four years subject to renewal. In case a vacancy occurs for any reason, a replacement shall be assigned by a decision of the General Assembly to fill such vacancy, in order to complete the period of his predecessor. The Executive Council manages the work of the Society in a manner that achieves the goals for which the Society was established as provided for in the Constitution. In particular, the Executive Council may carry out the following:

To suggest amending the Constitution
Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed. These rules together make up, i.e. constitute, what the entity is...

of the Society.
To propose internal regulations.
To suggest the approval of the final accounts in view of the report of the Comptroller.
To study the annual budget, the income and expenditure accounts, and any other statements pertaining to the financial status of the Society.
To set up permanent and interim committees.
To use the help of experts and advisors at its own discretion.
To study the annual reports prepared by the President of the Society.
Any other tasks entrusted to it by the General Assembly.

The Committees of the Society

The Monitor and Follow Up Committee;

To monitor and follow up work pertaining to the achievement of the Society goals, to receive grievances and complaints, and to verify claims of violations and abuse of regulations.
Studies and Consultations Committee; to undertake studies and provide consultations regarding documents, regulations, and procedures in the field of human rights.
Culture and Publication Committee; to raise awareness, conduct symposia and conferences, and disseminate information regarding human rights.
Family Committee, for family affairs.

Functions of the President of the Society

The president of the Society can do the following;

To manage the affairs of the Society.
To preside over the meetings of the General Assembly and the Executive Council.
To represent the Society before judicial authorities, international organizations, and other parties.
To sign the decisions and contracts of the Society.
To pursue the implementation of the decisions of the General Assembly and the Executive Council.

Society resources

The Society's income is generated from publications, bulletins, and revenue generated from symposia and fairs. Moreover, revenues are generated from property investments. In addition, the Society accepts gifts, testaments, Awqaf (endowments), grants, and other resources that do not contradict with the objectives of the Society.

Publications

NHSR issues periodic reports on the progress of human rights

Human rights

in Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia

. It publishes a monthly bulletin called Hogog, which means Rights. So far NSHR has published five reports. The first report was on human rights in Saudi Arabia in 2006 and is a 60-page publication. This report addresses many issues including women's rights

Women's rights

Women's rights are entitlements and freedoms claimed for women and girls of all ages in many societies.In some places these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behaviour, whereas in others they may be ignored or suppressed...

, security

Security

Security is the degree of protection against danger, damage, loss, and crime. Security as a form of protection are structures and processes that provide or improve security as a condition. The Institute for Security and Open Methodologies in the OSSTMM 3 defines security as "a form of protection...

and civil liberties, educational rights, children's rights, prisoners’ rights, and the rights of foreign labourers. The next publication was a collection of essays written about that first report. Two other publications are studies on how compatible Saudi regulations are with basic human rights agreements. The fifth publication was a report on the violations of human rights in Guantanamo Bay such as torture

Torture

Torture is the act of inflicting severe pain as a means of punishment, revenge, forcing information or a confession, or simply as an act of cruelty. Throughout history, torture has often been used as a method of political re-education, interrogation, punishment, and coercion...

and the general mistreatment of Saudi prisoners. These include being left with no food for more than 18 hours, and insulting religious symbols such as by urinating on the Qur’an. It mentions the killing of a couple of Saudis, whom the American government claimed to have committed suicide

Suicide

Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide is often committed out of despair or attributed to some underlying mental disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, alcoholism, or drug abuse...

but the inspection group who examined the corpses said that the cause of death had not been suicide.

Achievements

The Society has dealt with more than 6,500 issues so far. Of these, 434 were about family violations where 205 issues came from the Makkah branch, 109 from Jizan, 68 from Riyadh, and 43 from East Province. In 2006 the total number of issues was 1,111, of which family issues count for 24%; the other issues include labour, finance, asking for citizenship, and other unclassified issues.
Moreover, the Society has visited 22 prisons all around the Kingdom and is following prisoner matters through the judicial and executive institutions. NSHR has undertaken unannounced visits to care homes in order to ensure that the elderly residents are receiving good treatment and that the level of hygiene is high. The Society is also cooperating with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in regard to human rights generally and to family violations in particular. The Society has also delivered several lectures on human rights. Furthermore, there is a website where the public can view the issues that the Society deals with, or where they can present their own issues.
NSHR has instituted a commission with regard to the Saudi prisoners in Guantanamo Bay and presses for the accused to be either released or put on trial. The total number of Saudi prisoners in Guantanamo used to be 130 but 117 were released on the 10th of November 2007, and currently 23 remain imprisoned. NSHR also communicates with other international human rights organization to put pressure on the American government to close the prison.

External links

Official Website

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