The Neopilionidae are a family of harvestmen with 15 known species.

It has a clearly Gondwana

Gondwana

In paleogeography, Gondwana , originally Gondwanaland, was the southernmost of two supercontinents that later became parts of the Pangaea supercontinent. It existed from approximately 510 to 180 million years ago . Gondwana is believed to have sutured between ca. 570 and 510 Mya,...

n distribution, with species found in Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

, South Africa

South Africa

The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...

 and South America

South America

South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...

, and probably represent relict

Relict

A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon.* In biology a relict is an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas....

s of that time.

The family members range in size from the small Americovibone lancafrancoae (0.9 mm) to over 4 mm in the Enantiobuninae.

Some species of Enantiobuninae have blue pigmentation, which is rather unusual in harvestmen.

Name

The family name is a contraction of Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek is the stage of the Greek language in the periods spanning the times c. 9th–6th centuries BC, , c. 5th–4th centuries BC , and the c. 3rd century BC – 6th century AD of ancient Greece and the ancient world; being predated in the 2nd millennium BC by Mycenaean Greek...

 neo "new" and Latin Opilio

Opilio

Opilio is a genus of harvestmen with more than sixty known recent species.-Name:The genus name is derived from Latin opilio "sheep-master" , used by Plautus, also used by Virgil with the meaning "shepherd".-Species:...

, a genus of harvestman.

Species

• Neopilioninae Lawrence, 1931
• Neopilio Lawrence, 1931

• Neopilio australis Lawrence, 1931 — South Africa
  South Africa
  The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
  
  

• Ballarrinae Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991
• Americovibone Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991

• Americovibone lanfrancoae Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Chile
  Chile
  Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
  
  

• Arrallaba Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991

• Arrallaba spheniscus Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Australia
  Australia
  Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
  
  

• Ballarra Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Australia

• Ballarra alpina Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — New South Wales
  New South Wales
  New South Wales is a state of :Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales...
  
  
• Ballarra cantrelli Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Queensland
  Queensland
  Queensland is a state of Australia, occupying the north-eastern section of the mainland continent. It is bordered by the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales to the west, south-west and south respectively. To the east, Queensland is bordered by the Coral Sea and Pacific Ocean...
  
  
• Ballarra clancyi Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — New South Wales
• Ballarra drosera Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — New South Wales
• Ballarra longipalpus Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Western Australia
  Western Australia
  Western Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Great Australian Bight and Indian Ocean to the south, the Northern Territory to the north-east and South Australia to the south-east...
  
  
• Ballarra molaris Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Victoria
  Victoria (Australia)
  Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
  
  

• Plesioballarra Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991

• Plesioballarra crinis Hunt & Cokendolpher, 1991 — Queensland

• Vibone Kauri, 1961

• Vibone vetusta Kauri, 1961

• Enantiobuninae Mello-Leitão, 1931
• Thrasychiroides Soares & Soares, 1947

• Thrasychiroides brasilicus Soares & Soares, 1947 — Brazil
  Brazil
  Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
  
  

• Thrasychirus Simon, 1884

• Thrasychirus dentichelis Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina
  Argentina
  Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
  
  
• Thrasychirus gulosus Simon, 1884 — Chile, Argentina
• Thrasychirus modestus Simon, 1902 — Chile, Argentina