Niels Sigfred Nebelong
Encyclopedia
Niels Sigfred Nebelong was a Danish
architect who worked in the Historicist style
. He was city architect in Copenhagen
from 1863 and also designed many lighthouses around Denmark in his capacity as resident architect for the Danish lighthouse authority.
. In 1819 he was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts where he studied under Gustav Friedrich Hetsch
, and won both the small and large gold medal, in 1833 and 1837 respectively.
Nebelong taught at the Academy for several years before he went abroad on its travel acolarship from 1839 to 1842. He first studied with Henri Labrouste
in Paris
and then continued to Italy
and Greece
.
After a few years as a teacher at the Academy, he travelled to Paris
, where he studied under Henri Labrouste
, and then continued to Italy
and Greece
, before returning to Denmark in 1842.
from 1843 to 1845, and two commissions in Kolding
. In 1846 he returned to Copenhagen.
He became a member of the Academy in 1855 and the following year was appointed City Architect in Copenhagen. He also had many private clients.
Nebelong also served as resident architect for the Danish lighthouse authority, designing numerous lighthouses around the country. He also designed many town jails and court houses.
From 1863 to 1853 he headed the re-building of Viborg Cathedral
but died before its completion.
period, Nebelong worked in a number of different styles, including the late Neo-Classicism
(Kolding Gymnasium
, 1845-46), Gothic Revival
(Slagelse Convent,1857-59), and Romanesque Revival
(Viborg Cathedral
, 1863-76, completed by H.B. Storck).
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
architect who worked in the Historicist style
Historicism (art)
Historicism refers to artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans. After neo-classicism, which could itself be considered a historicist movement, the 19th century saw a new historicist phase marked by a return to a more ancient classicism, in particular in...
. He was city architect in Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
from 1863 and also designed many lighthouses around Denmark in his capacity as resident architect for the Danish lighthouse authority.
Early life and education
Niels Sigfred Nebelong was born on 14 October 1806 in CopenhagenCopenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...
. In 1819 he was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts where he studied under Gustav Friedrich Hetsch
Gustav Friedrich Hetsch
Gustav Friedrich Hetsch was a German-born, Danish architect.Hetsch was born in Stuttgart and studied at the University of Tübingen and in Paris, where his teacher was Charles Percier. After finishing his studies, he worked for Jean-Baptiste Rondelet on the Church of Sainte-Geneviève...
, and won both the small and large gold medal, in 1833 and 1837 respectively.
Nebelong taught at the Academy for several years before he went abroad on its travel acolarship from 1839 to 1842. He first studied with Henri Labrouste
Henri Labrouste
Pierre François Henri Labrouste was a French architect from the famous École des Beaux Arts school of architecture. After a six year stay in Rome, Labrouste opened an architectural training workshop, which quickly became the center of the Rationalist view...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and then continued to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
.
After a few years as a teacher at the Academy, he travelled to Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where he studied under Henri Labrouste
Henri Labrouste
Pierre François Henri Labrouste was a French architect from the famous École des Beaux Arts school of architecture. After a six year stay in Rome, Labrouste opened an architectural training workshop, which quickly became the center of the Rationalist view...
, and then continued to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
, before returning to Denmark in 1842.
Career
Back in Denmark, his first assignment was restoration work at Ribe CathedralRibe Cathedral
Our Lady Maria Cathedral is located in the ancient city of Ribe on the western coast of southern Jutland, Denmark- History :Ribe is Denmark's oldest surviving city. Ribe began as an open trading market on the north bank of the Ribe River where it runs into the ocean...
from 1843 to 1845, and two commissions in Kolding
Kolding
Kolding is a Danish seaport located at the head of Kolding Fjord in Region of Southern Denmark . It is the site of the council Kolding Municipality. It is a transportation, commercial, and manufacturing centre, and has numerous industrial companies, principally geared towards shipbuilding...
. In 1846 he returned to Copenhagen.
He became a member of the Academy in 1855 and the following year was appointed City Architect in Copenhagen. He also had many private clients.
Nebelong also served as resident architect for the Danish lighthouse authority, designing numerous lighthouses around the country. He also designed many town jails and court houses.
From 1863 to 1853 he headed the re-building of Viborg Cathedral
Viborg Cathedral
Viborg Cathedral, Our Lady Cathedral is the site of one of Denmark's most important historic churches located in the town of Viborg in northern Jutland...
but died before its completion.
Style
Typically of the HistoricistHistoricism (art)
Historicism refers to artistic styles that draw their inspiration from copying historic styles or artisans. After neo-classicism, which could itself be considered a historicist movement, the 19th century saw a new historicist phase marked by a return to a more ancient classicism, in particular in...
period, Nebelong worked in a number of different styles, including the late Neo-Classicism
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
(Kolding Gymnasium
Kolding Gymnasium
Kolding Gymnasium or Kolding Gymnasium, HF-kursus og IB World School is a Danish gymnasium, which, aside from the standard gymnasium courses, also offers the HF programme and the IB Diploma Programme.- History :...
, 1845-46), Gothic Revival
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...
(Slagelse Convent,1857-59), and Romanesque Revival
Romanesque Revival architecture
Romanesque Revival is a style of building employed beginning in the mid 19th century inspired by the 11th and 12th century Romanesque architecture...
(Viborg Cathedral
Viborg Cathedral
Viborg Cathedral, Our Lady Cathedral is the site of one of Denmark's most important historic churches located in the town of Viborg in northern Jutland...
, 1863-76, completed by H.B. Storck).
Selected works
- Skive Town Hall, SkiveSkiveSkive has the following meanings:* To skive is British slang for the practice of avoiding responsibilities because you want to do something more fun or just do not want to do what you should be doing...
(1844) - Holsted Courthouse, HolstedHolstedHolsted is a town with a population of 3,145 and a former municipality in Region of Southern Denmark on the Jutland peninsula in southwest Denmark. The municipality covered an area of 190 km², and had a total population of 6,965...
(1845) - Kastrup Glasværk, KastrupKastrupKastrup is a suburb of Copenhagen, on the east coast of Amager in the Tårnby Municipality.Kastrup is best known as the site of Copenhagen Airport. In Danish, the airport is often called Kastrup Lufthavn or Københavns Lufthavn, Kastrup .Scandinavian Airlines System has its Denmark offices in Kastrup...
(o. 1845) - Kolding GymnasiumKolding GymnasiumKolding Gymnasium or Kolding Gymnasium, HF-kursus og IB World School is a Danish gymnasium, which, aside from the standard gymnasium courses, also offers the HF programme and the IB Diploma Programme.- History :...
, Kirketorvet, KoldingKoldingKolding is a Danish seaport located at the head of Kolding Fjord in Region of Southern Denmark . It is the site of the council Kolding Municipality. It is a transportation, commercial, and manufacturing centre, and has numerous industrial companies, principally geared towards shipbuilding...
(1845-46, ombygget) - Bogense Customs House, BogenseBogense]Bogense is a town in central Denmark, located on Funen in Nordfyn municipality, Region of Southern Denmark. The town has a population of 3,679 .The city is connected to Odense and Middelfart via busses operated by Fynbus....
(1846) - Town Hall and Court- and Jailhouse, HolstebroHolstebroHolstebro Municipality is a municipality in Region Midtjylland on the Jutland peninsula in west Denmark. The municipality covers an area of 790 km², and has a total population of 57,020 . Its mayor is H. C...
(1846, lateral wing added in 1881) - Town Hall and Court- and Jailhouse, Nykøbing MorsNykøbing MorsNykøbing Mors is the largest town on the Danish Limfjord island of Mors. The town received its charter in 1299 and has a population of 9,154...
(1846-47, since 1924 only town hall) - Odense Customs House (adaption and extension), 4 Londongade, OdenseOdenseThe city of Odense is the third largest city in Denmark.Odense City has a population of 167,615 and is the main city of the island of Funen...
(1847) - Sølyst countryhouse, 321 Vedbæk Strandvej, VedbækVedbækVedbæk is a small town in the municipality of Rudersdal , Denmark. It is located on the Øresund coast of Zealand, between Rungsted to the north and Skodsborg to the south. The town has a station on the busy Kystbanen railway line, approximately midway between Copenhagen and Helsingør...
(1847, redesigned in 1915) - Blegdamsvej Jailhouse, 6 Blegdamsvej (1847-48, with M. G. Bindesbøll, rebuilt)
- Old CarlsbergCarlsberg (district)Carlsberg is an area straddling the border of Valby and Vesterbro districts in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It covers an area of 33 hectares and is the former industrial site of the Carlsberg Breweries, which decommissioned their Valby brewery at the end of 2008, concentrating their production of...
: Main building (1852-54) and various other buildings (with J.C. Jacobsen,listed) - Strandmøllen main building ( for Johan Christian Drewsen, 895 Strandvejen (1850, vinduer udskiftet)
- Workers housing, 66-70 and 84-88Overgaden oven Vandet, ChristianshavnChristianshavnChristianshavn is an artificial island neighbourhood located in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was founded in the early 17th century by Christian IV as part of his extension of the fortifications of Copenhagen. Originally it was laid out as an independent privileged merchant's town with inspiration from...
, Copenhagen (1851-52) - Lunde Church ved SvendborgSvendborgSvendborg is a town on the island of Funen in south-central Denmark. The town is in Svendborg municipality . Svendborg is the second-largest city on Funen and has a population of 27,009 ....
(1852, tårnet restaureret 1886) - Villa for rådmand Frederik Christoffer Bülow, 5 Ewaldsgade, Copenhagen (1853, listed)
- 24 Bredgade/2 Sankt Annæ PladsSankt Annæ PladsSankt Annæ Plads is a public square which marks the border between the Nyhavn area and the Frederiksstaden district in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is a long narrow rectangle which extends inland from the waterfront, at a point just north of the Royal Danish Playhouse at the base of the Kvæsthusbroen...
(1855) - Vartov (rebuilding), Farvergade 27, København (1856-60)
- Skagen Lighthouse, GrenenGrenenGrenen, the northmost tip of Jutland, north of the town of Skagen, thereby the northmost point of Denmark. Grenen was given its name for its shape like a tree-branch . The Danish national road 40 passes through Grenen....
(1858, listed) - Vesborg Lighthouse, Kolby, SamsøSamsøSamsø is a Danish island in the Kattegat off the Jutland Peninsula. Samsø is located in Samsø municipality. The community has 4,300 inhabitants called Samsingers and is 114 km² in area. Due to its central location, the island was used during the Viking Age as a meeting place...
(1858) - Slagelse New Convent(1857-59)
- Vridsløselille State Prison (1859)
- Copenhagen Pumping station, mow Pumpehuset, Studiestræde (1859, udpeget som nationalt industriminde 2007)
- Odense Courthouse, 28 Albanigade, OdenseOdenseThe city of Odense is the third largest city in Denmark.Odense City has a population of 167,615 and is the main city of the island of Funen...
(1861, extended) - Christianshavn Penitentiary, Christianshavns Torv, Christianshavn (1861-64, demolished1928)
- Hirtshals Lighthouse, Hirtshals HirtshalsHirtshals is a town in Hjørring municipality in Region Nordjylland on the north coast of the island of Vendsyssel-Thy at the top of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark, Europe.-The town of Hirtshals:...
(1863) - Viborg Penitentiary (extension), ViborgViborgViborg may refer to:*Viborg, Denmark, a city in Jutland, Denmark**Viborg Municipality, a Danish municipality named for the city**Viborg County, a former county of Denmark**Diocese of Viborg**Viborg FF, a professional football team based in Viborg...
(1863-64) - Town Hall, Court- and Jailhouse, Nykøbing SjællandNykøbing SjællandNykøbing Sjælland is a town in Denmark, located in northern Odsherred on the island of Zealand. Located on the Isefjord, it has a population of 5,212 . It is located in Odsherred municipality which is part of Region Sjælland...
(1868-69) - Connecting building, New Carlsberg (1871-76, with Carl Florian Thomsen, demolished)
- Bovbjerg Lighthouse (posthumously 1876-77)
Restoration work
- Ribe CathedralRibe CathedralOur Lady Maria Cathedral is located in the ancient city of Ribe on the western coast of southern Jutland, Denmark- History :Ribe is Denmark's oldest surviving city. Ribe began as an open trading market on the north bank of the Ribe River where it runs into the ocean...
, RibeRibeRibe , the oldest extant Danish town, is in southwest Jutland and has a population of 8,192 . Until 1 January 2007, it was the seat of both the surrounding municipality, and county...
(1843-45, with F.F. FriisFrederik Ferdinand FriisFrederik Ferdinand Friis was a Danish architect, professor and Royal Building Inspector. His most important work is the Horsens State Prison.-Early life and education:...
) - Store Heddinge Churchm Store HeddingeStore HeddingeStore Heddinge is a Danish town in Region Sjælland. It is the administrative seat of Stevns Municipality and has a population of 3,448 .-History:...
(1853-54) - Garrison Church, Copenhagen (1860)
- Tranekær Castle (1862-63)
- Hårby Church, FunenFunenFunen , with a size of 2,984 km² , is the third-largest island of Denmark following Zealand and Vendsyssel-Thy, and the 163rd largest island of the world. Funen is located in the central part of the country and has a population of 454,358 inhabitants . The main city is Odense, connected to the...
(1856) - Viborg CathedralViborg CathedralViborg Cathedral, Our Lady Cathedral is the site of one of Denmark's most important historic churches located in the town of Viborg in northern Jutland...
(restoration with J. Tholle 1863-1876) - Trinitatis Church abd RundetårnRundetårnThe Rundetårn is a 17th-century tower located in central Copenhagen, Denmark. One of the many architectural projects of Christian IV, it was built as an astronomical observatory...
(1870-71, according to Christian HansenChristian Hansen (architect)Hans Christian Hansen was a Historicist Danish architect who worked 18 years in Greece where he was active in the transformation of Athens from a small town to the country's capital and an international metropolis...
's renderings)