Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress
Encyclopedia
The Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress (commonly: ANDP-Zaman Lahiya) is a political party
in Niger
. Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye
led the party from its foundation in the early 1990s until his death in 2009.
(MNSD) in 1991. Djermakoye was a member of the Zarma (Djerma) ethnic group, which had previously dominated the party, but rival faction leader Tandja Mamadou
was elected as President of the MNSD in November 1991 with the support of non-Zarma elements in the party. Djermakoye then split from the MNSD and formed the Club of the Friends of Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye (CAMAD), which subsequently became the Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ANDP).
of the Democratic and Social Convention
for the run-off vote, and Ousmane prevailed against the MNSD's Tandja. The ANDP formed part of the AFC parliamentary majority after the 1993 parliamentary election, in which the ANDP won 11 seats, with Djermakoye becoming President of the National Assembly
. The ANDP's split from the MNSD has been seen as crucial in enabling the opposition's victory.
The AFC majority, including the ANDP, lasted until the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism
(PNDS) split from the AFC in September 1994, leading to a new parliamentary election in January 1995 in which the AFC was beaten by an opposition coalition primarily composed of the MNSD and the PNDS. The ANDP won nine seats and remained with the AFC in opposition.
, receiving fifth place and 7.73% of the vote, while the ANDP won four seats in the November 1999 parliamentary election. Djermakoye backed PNDS candidate Mahamadou Issoufou
in the second round of the presidential election; Issoufou was defeated by MNSD candidate Tandja. Following the election, the ANDP was an opposition party and took part in the same parliamentary group as the Rally for Democracy and Progress
(RDP-Jama'a).
In July 2002, the ANDP joined the parliamentary majority coalition, the Alliance of Democratic Forces, leaving the opposition Coordination of Democratic Forces. Djermakoye joined the government as a Minister of State in November 2002, serving in that position until December 2004.
On September 19, 2004, at the ANDP's third extraordinary congress, Djermakoye was again chosen by the party as its presidential candidate, saying that he did not intend to run again in the 2009 presidential election. In the presidential election
of 16 November 2004, he won 6.07% of the vote, taking fifth place. Like the three other parties whose candidates were eliminated in the first round, the ANDP backed Tandja in the second round. In the parliamentary election
, which was held along with the presidential second round on 4 December, the party won 5.44% of the popular vote and 5 out of 113 seats.
Political party
A political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
in Niger
Niger
Niger , officially named the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east...
. Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye
Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye
Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye was a Nigerien politician and the President of the Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress...
led the party from its foundation in the early 1990s until his death in 2009.
Second Republic
Djermakoye was the leader of one of two major factions that emerged in the National Movement for the Development of SocietyNational Movement for the Development of Society
The National Movement for the Society of Development - MNSD / MNSD-Nassara is a political party in Niger. Founded under the military government of the 1974-1990 period, it was the ruling party of Niger from 1989 to 1993 and again from 1999 until a coup on February 18, 2010, by a military junta...
(MNSD) in 1991. Djermakoye was a member of the Zarma (Djerma) ethnic group, which had previously dominated the party, but rival faction leader Tandja Mamadou
Tandja Mamadou
Lieutenant Colonel Mamadou Tandja is a Nigerien politician who was President of Niger from 1999 to 2010. He was President of the National Movement of the Development Society from 1991 to 1999 and unsuccessfully ran as the MNSD's presidential candidate in 1993 and 1996 before being elected to his...
was elected as President of the MNSD in November 1991 with the support of non-Zarma elements in the party. Djermakoye then split from the MNSD and formed the Club of the Friends of Moumouni Adamou Djermakoye (CAMAD), which subsequently became the Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress (ANDP).
Third Republic
Djermakoye was the ANDP's candidate in the 1993 presidential election; after he received fourth place, with 15.24% of the vote, in the first round, the ANDP, as part of a coalition called the Alliance of the Forces of Change (AFC), backed second place candidate Mahamane OusmaneMahamane Ousmane
Mahamane Ousmane is a Nigerien politician. He was the first democratically elected and fourth President of Niger, serving from 16 April 1993 until his ouster in a military coup d'état on 27 January 1996. He has continued to run for President in each election since his ouster, and he was President...
of the Democratic and Social Convention
Democratic and Social Convention
The Democratic and Social Convention - Rahama is a political party in Niger. It was founded in January 1991. In the 1993 presidential election, the party's leader, Mahamane Ousmane, was elected president...
for the run-off vote, and Ousmane prevailed against the MNSD's Tandja. The ANDP formed part of the AFC parliamentary majority after the 1993 parliamentary election, in which the ANDP won 11 seats, with Djermakoye becoming President of the National Assembly
National Assembly of Niger
The unicameral National Assembly of Niger is the country's sole legislative body. The National Assembly may propose laws and is required to approve all legislation.-History:...
. The ANDP's split from the MNSD has been seen as crucial in enabling the opposition's victory.
The AFC majority, including the ANDP, lasted until the Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism
The Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism is a political party in Niger. It is a broadly left-wing party, part of the Socialist International; since 2011 it has been in power following the election of its long-time leader, Mahamadou Issoufou, as President of Niger. Mohamed Bazoum is Acting...
(PNDS) split from the AFC in September 1994, leading to a new parliamentary election in January 1995 in which the AFC was beaten by an opposition coalition primarily composed of the MNSD and the PNDS. The ANDP won nine seats and remained with the AFC in opposition.
Fourth Republic
Following a January 1996 military coup, Djermakoye again ran unsuccessfully for president as the ANDP candidate in July 1996, receiving fifth place and 4.77% of the vote. After Maïnassara's victory, the ANDP recognized it and supported him. In the November 1996 parliamentary election, which was boycotted by the opposition, the ANDP won eight seats, taking second place. In early 1998 the ANDP joined a pro-Maïnassara alliance of three parties, the Alliance of Democratic and Social Forces. On April 28, 1998, Djermakoye announced that the ANDP was splitting with Maïnassara, alleging that the latter had "humiliated and marginalised" the party.Fifth Republic
Following another coup in April 1999, in which Maïnassara was killed, Djermakoye ran in the October 1999 presidential electionNigerien presidential election, 1999
A presidential election was held in Niger in late 1999, with the first round on October 17 and a second round, coinciding with a parliamentary election, on November 24. The election followed a coup d'état on April 9, 1999, in which Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, who had led an earlier coup in January...
, receiving fifth place and 7.73% of the vote, while the ANDP won four seats in the November 1999 parliamentary election. Djermakoye backed PNDS candidate Mahamadou Issoufou
Mahamadou Issoufou
Mahamadou Issoufou is a Nigerien politician who has been President of Niger since 7 April 2011. Previously he was Prime Minister of Niger from 1993 to 1994 and President of the National Assembly from 1995 to 1996, and he has stood as a candidate in each presidential election since 1993.Issoufou...
in the second round of the presidential election; Issoufou was defeated by MNSD candidate Tandja. Following the election, the ANDP was an opposition party and took part in the same parliamentary group as the Rally for Democracy and Progress
Rally for Democracy and Progress (Niger)
The Rally for Democracy and Progress is a political party in Niger. It was established as the ruling party during the presidency of Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara.-Under second military regime and Fourth Republic:...
(RDP-Jama'a).
In July 2002, the ANDP joined the parliamentary majority coalition, the Alliance of Democratic Forces, leaving the opposition Coordination of Democratic Forces. Djermakoye joined the government as a Minister of State in November 2002, serving in that position until December 2004.
On September 19, 2004, at the ANDP's third extraordinary congress, Djermakoye was again chosen by the party as its presidential candidate, saying that he did not intend to run again in the 2009 presidential election. In the presidential election
Niger presidential election, 2004
The Republic of Niger held a presidential election on 16 November 2004. Voter turnout in this round of polling was 48.3%. It was won by Tandja Mamadou.-Candidates:Six candidates contested the election:...
of 16 November 2004, he won 6.07% of the vote, taking fifth place. Like the three other parties whose candidates were eliminated in the first round, the ANDP backed Tandja in the second round. In the parliamentary election
Nigerien parliamentary election, 2004
A parliamentary election was held in Niger on 4 December 2004 alongside a simultaneous presidential election. 105 members were elected in 8 multi-member constituencies using the party-list proportional representation system...
, which was held along with the presidential second round on 4 December, the party won 5.44% of the popular vote and 5 out of 113 seats.