Nikolai Zarudny
Encyclopedia
Nikolai Alekseyvich Zarudny (. His name has been transliterated a number of other ways; especially with Sarudny or Sarudney in older works in English.) (September 13, 1859 – March 17, 1919) was a Ukrainian
-Russian
explorer and zoologist of Ukrainian
origin, who studied the fauna, especially the birds of Central Asia
. He was born in Gryakovo, Ukraine
(then part of the Russian Empire
). He wrote his first ornithology
book in 1896 and made five expeditions in the Caspian region from 1884 and 1892. He led other expeditions to Persia
supported by the Russian Geographic Society and the St. Petersburg Zoological Institute. He collected nearly 3,140 specimens of birds and 50,000 insects. After the Russian Revolution, his collection was nationalized
by the Bolsheviks
and moved to the museum at the University of Tashkent. For his work the Russian Geographical Society
awarded him the Przhevalsky Medal. While at Tashkent
, his last work on the ornithology of Turkestan
region was not completed as he died of accidental poisoning. He published 218 monographs in the course of his life and named many species. Among the species and other taxa
named after Zarudny are Zarudny's Jird, Zarudny's Rock Shrew
, Diplometopon zarudnyi, Schizothorax zarudnyi
, and the distinctive Asian subspecies of the Desert Sparrow
(Passer simplex zarudnyi).
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
-Russian
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
explorer and zoologist of Ukrainian
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
origin, who studied the fauna, especially the birds of Central Asia
Central Asia
Central Asia is a core region of the Asian continent from the Caspian Sea in the west, China in the east, Afghanistan in the south, and Russia in the north...
. He was born in Gryakovo, Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
(then part of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
). He wrote his first ornithology
Ornithology
Ornithology is a branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds. Several aspects of ornithology differ from related disciplines, due partly to the high visibility and the aesthetic appeal of birds...
book in 1896 and made five expeditions in the Caspian region from 1884 and 1892. He led other expeditions to Persia
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
supported by the Russian Geographic Society and the St. Petersburg Zoological Institute. He collected nearly 3,140 specimens of birds and 50,000 insects. After the Russian Revolution, his collection was nationalized
Nationalization
Nationalisation, also spelled nationalization, is the process of taking an industry or assets into government ownership by a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets, but may also mean assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being...
by the Bolsheviks
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
and moved to the museum at the University of Tashkent. For his work the Russian Geographical Society
Russian Geographical Society
The Russian Geographical Society is a learned society, founded on 6 August 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia.-Imperial Geographical Society:Prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917, it was known as the Imperial Russian Geographical Society....
awarded him the Przhevalsky Medal. While at Tashkent
Tashkent
Tashkent is the capital of Uzbekistan and of the Tashkent Province. The officially registered population of the city in 2008 was about 2.2 million. Unofficial sources estimate the actual population may be as much as 4.45 million.-Early Islamic History:...
, his last work on the ornithology of Turkestan
Turkestan
Turkestan, spelled also as Turkistan, literally means "Land of the Turks".The term Turkestan is of Persian origin and has never been in use to denote a single nation. It was first used by Persian geographers to describe the place of Turkish peoples...
region was not completed as he died of accidental poisoning. He published 218 monographs in the course of his life and named many species. Among the species and other taxa
Taxon
|thumb|270px|[[African elephants]] form a widely-accepted taxon, the [[genus]] LoxodontaA taxon is a group of organisms, which a taxonomist adjudges to be a unit. Usually a taxon is given a name and a rank, although neither is a requirement...
named after Zarudny are Zarudny's Jird, Zarudny's Rock Shrew
Zarudny's Rock Shrew
The Zarudny's Rock Shrew is a species of mammal in the Soricidae family. It is found in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan.-References:* Insectivore Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....
, Diplometopon zarudnyi, Schizothorax zarudnyi
Schizothorax zarudnyi
Schizothorax zarudnyi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schizothorax....
, and the distinctive Asian subspecies of the Desert Sparrow
Desert Sparrow
The Desert Sparrow is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae. It is found in desert and sandy areas of northern and central Africa, with a distinct subspecies in areas of Iran, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan sometimes called the Asian Desert Sparrow or Zarudny's Sparrow .The Desert Sparrow is not...
(Passer simplex zarudnyi).