Nlec
Encyclopedia
No Longer Enemy Combatant, (NLEC) is a U.S. military term for Guantanamo detainees whose Combatant Status Review Tribunal
determined they have not been classified as "enemy combatant
s".
Thirty-eight detainees were finally classified as "NLECs".
The fifth Denbeaux report, "No-hearing hearings
", reported that an additional three Combatant Status Review Tribunals determined that captives should not have been determined to have been enemy combatants, only to have their recommendation overturned.
The Washington Post has published a list of the names of 30 of the 38 individuals who were determined not to have been enemy combatants.
None of the detainees who were determined not to have been enemy combatants were released right away. Ten of the detainees who had been determined not to have been enemy combatants were allowed to move to the more comfortable Camp Iguana
. Others, such as Sami Al Laithi, remained in solitary confinement.
The delay in the release of some of the detainees was due to considerations of the detainees safety. Some of the detainees could not be returned to their home countries, out of fears of retaliation from their fellow citizens, or the governments of their countries. Some, like Al Laithi, were returned to their home countries after the U.S. secured a promise that they would not be punished by their home countries. Others, like five of the Uyghur detainees in Guantanamo
, were released when the U.S. found a third country which would accept them.
Three further captives who had been determined not to have been enemy combatants, who had been occupants of Camp Iguana since May 2005, were released in Albania in November 2006.
, revealed that some Guantanamo captives had second or third Combatant Status Review Tribunals convened when their first Tribunal determined that they had not been enemy combatants after all.
H. Candace Gorman
, the pro bono lawyer for Abdel Hamid Ibn Abdussalem Ibn Mifta Al Ghazzawi described her surprise when she learned that her client had initially been determined not to have been an enemy combatant, after all. Gorman described traveling to the secure site in Virginia, the only place where lawyers were allowed to review their client's classified files. She was told that the justification for convening her client's second Tribunal had been that the DoD had new evidence. But, when she reviewed the transcript of his second Tribunal she found that there had been no new evidence.
Lieutenant Colonel
Stephen Abraham
came forward and swore an affidavit, describing his experience sitting on Al Ghazzawi's Tribunal.
On 17 January 2009, Carol Rosenberg
, writing in the Miami Herald, quoted Guantanamo spokesman Jeffrey Gordon
, that a panel of officers had recently reviewed Bismullah's "enemy combatant" status, and determined, "based on new evidence", that he was not an enemy combatant after all.
Bismullah was released to Afghanistan on January 17.
Combatant Status Review Tribunal
The Combatant Status Review Tribunals were a set of tribunals for confirming whether detainees held by the United States at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp had been correctly designated as "enemy combatants". The CSRTs were established July 7, 2004 by order of U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense...
determined they have not been classified as "enemy combatant
Unlawful combatant
An unlawful combatant or unprivileged combatant/belligerent is a civilian who directly engages in armed conflict in violation of the laws of war. An unlawful combatant may be detained or prosecuted under the domestic law of the detaining state for such action.The Geneva Conventions apply in wars...
s".
Thirty-eight detainees were finally classified as "NLECs".
The fifth Denbeaux report, "No-hearing hearings
No-hearing hearings
No-hearing hearings is the title of a study published by Professor Mark P. Denbeaux of the Seton Hall University School of Law, his son Joshua Denbeaux, and some of his law students, on October 17, 2006....
", reported that an additional three Combatant Status Review Tribunals determined that captives should not have been determined to have been enemy combatants, only to have their recommendation overturned.
The Washington Post has published a list of the names of 30 of the 38 individuals who were determined not to have been enemy combatants.
None of the detainees who were determined not to have been enemy combatants were released right away. Ten of the detainees who had been determined not to have been enemy combatants were allowed to move to the more comfortable Camp Iguana
Camp Iguana
Camp Iguana is a small compound in the detainment camp complex on the US Naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Camp Iguana originally held three child detainees who camp spokesmen then claimed were the only detainees under age 16. It was closed in the winter of 2004 when the three were sent home...
. Others, such as Sami Al Laithi, remained in solitary confinement.
The delay in the release of some of the detainees was due to considerations of the detainees safety. Some of the detainees could not be returned to their home countries, out of fears of retaliation from their fellow citizens, or the governments of their countries. Some, like Al Laithi, were returned to their home countries after the U.S. secured a promise that they would not be punished by their home countries. Others, like five of the Uyghur detainees in Guantanamo
Uyghur detainees in Guantanamo
The United States government detained twenty-two Uyghurs in the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp since 2002. As of today the five Uyghurs Abdul Razakah, Yusef Abbas, Hajiakbar Abdulghupur, Saidullah Khalik and Ahmed Mohamed remain in Guantanamo and have filed cases in US courts to obtain the right to...
, were released when the U.S. found a third country which would accept them.
Three further captives who had been determined not to have been enemy combatants, who had been occupants of Camp Iguana since May 2005, were released in Albania in November 2006.
Multiple CSRTs
The fifth Denbeaux study, entitled No-hearing hearingsNo-hearing hearings
No-hearing hearings is the title of a study published by Professor Mark P. Denbeaux of the Seton Hall University School of Law, his son Joshua Denbeaux, and some of his law students, on October 17, 2006....
, revealed that some Guantanamo captives had second or third Combatant Status Review Tribunals convened when their first Tribunal determined that they had not been enemy combatants after all.
H. Candace Gorman
H. Candace Gorman
H. Candace Gorman is an Chicago, Illinois-based attorney best known for representing two Guantanamo detainees. Her father, Robert J. Gorman, was also an attorney with a practice in Chicago....
, the pro bono lawyer for Abdel Hamid Ibn Abdussalem Ibn Mifta Al Ghazzawi described her surprise when she learned that her client had initially been determined not to have been an enemy combatant, after all. Gorman described traveling to the secure site in Virginia, the only place where lawyers were allowed to review their client's classified files. She was told that the justification for convening her client's second Tribunal had been that the DoD had new evidence. But, when she reviewed the transcript of his second Tribunal she found that there had been no new evidence.
Lieutenant Colonel
Lieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies and most marine forces and some air forces of the world, typically ranking above a major and below a colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence...
Stephen Abraham
Stephen Abraham
Stephen Abraham is an American lawyer and officer in the United States Army Reserve.He is notable because he is the first officer who served with the Office for the Administrative Review of the Detention of Enemy Combatants to publicly criticize the operations of the Combatant Status Review Tribunals...
came forward and swore an affidavit, describing his experience sitting on Al Ghazzawi's Tribunal.
NLEC captives
On 19 November 2007, the Department of Defense published a list of the 38 men finally deemed to be no longer enemy combatants in 2004.| isn | name | notes |
|---|---|---|
| 142 | Fazaldad | Returned to Pakistan on 17 September 2004 |
| 208 | Maroof Saleemovich Salehove Maroof Saleemovich Salehove -Release:Maroof Saleemovich Salehove was one of the 38 captives the Bush Presidency determined had not been enemy combatants after all.Three menMaroof Saleemovich Salehove, Karam Khamis Sayd Khamsan and Mohamed Anwar Kurd weresent home on 19 August 2005.... |
Date of release to Tajikistan Tajikistan Tajikistan , officially the Republic of Tajikistan , is a mountainous landlocked country in Central Asia. Afghanistan borders it to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east.... unknown |
| 248 | Saleh Abdall Al Oshan Saleh Abdall Al Oshan -Determined to "no longer be an enemy combatant":A memo entitled "Review of Combatant Status Review Tribunal for detainee ISN 248", dated 10 March 2005, stated:-Saleh Abdall Al Oshan v. George W. Bush:... |
Repatriated to Saudi custody on 20 July 2005 |
| 260 | Ahmed Adil Ahmed Adil On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a six page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.- Letter to the Secretary of State :... |
Sent to Albania Albania Albania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea... with four other Uyghur Uyghur people The Uyghur are a Turkic ethnic group living in Eastern and Central Asia. Today, Uyghurs live primarily in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China... s |
| 276 | Akhdar Qasem Basit Akhdar Qasem Basit Akhdar Qasem Basit is a Uyghur citizen of China who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.... |
Sent to Albania with four other Uyghurs |
| 279 | Mohammed Ayub Mohammed Ayub Haji Mohammed Ayub is a citizen of China, who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.The Department of Defense reports he was born on April 15, 1984, in Toqquztash, China.... |
Sent to Albania with four other Uyghurs |
| 283 | Abu Bakr Qasim | Sent to Albania with four other Uyghurs |
| 287 | Sami Abdul Aziz Salim Allaithy Sami Abdul Aziz Salim Allaithy On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a seven page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.-Allegations as read aloud during his Tribunal:... |
Repatriated to Egypt, after assurances |
| 293 | Adel Abdulhehim Adel Abdulhehim Adel Abdulhehim or Adel Abdul Hakim is a citizen of the People's Republic of China from the Uighur ethnic group who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States-controlled Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.... |
Sent to Albania with four other Uyghurs |
| 298 | Salih Uyar Salih Uyar Salih Uyar is a citizen of Turkey who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camp, in Cuba. Salih Uyar was repatriated on April 18, 2005.-Casio watch:... |
Released to Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... on 18 April 2005 |
| 357 | Abdul Rahman Abdul Rahman (Guantanamo detainee 357) -Transcript:Abdul Rahman chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a 22 page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.... |
Date of return to Afghanistan unknown. |
| 457 | Mohammad Gul Mohammad Gul Mohammad Gul is an Afghan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 457.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 459 | Gul Zaman Gul Zaman -Determined not to have been an Enemy Combatant:Zaman was one of 38 detainees who was determined not to have been an enemy combatant during his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.The Department of Defense refers to these men as No Longer Enemy Combatants.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 491 | Sadik Ahmad Turkistani | Uyghur born in Saudi Arabia, repatriated to Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World... |
| 561 | Abdul Rahim Muslimdost Abdul Rahim Muslimdost Abdul Rahim Muslimdost is a Afghan journalist and jeweller who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 561.... |
Release to Pakistan, disappeared mysteriously |
| 581 | Shed Abdur Rahman | Date of release to Pakistan Pakistan Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan... unknown |
| 586 | Karam Khamis Sayd Khamsan Karam Khamis Sayd Khamsan Karam Khamis Sayd Khamsan is a citizen of Yemen who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.... |
Date of release to Pakistan unknown; charged with attempting to assassinate US ambassador to Yemen in December 2005; acquitted on 13 March 2006 |
| 589 | Khalid Mahomoud Abdul Wahab Al Asmr Khalid Mahomoud Abdul Wahab Al Asmr Khalid Mahomoud Abdul Wahab Al Asmr is a citizen of Jordan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.... |
Returned to Jordan Jordan Jordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing... on 19 July 2005 |
| 631 | Padsha Wazir Padsha Wazir Padsha Wazir is a citizen of Afghanistan, best known for the years he spent in the United States Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, in Cuba.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 631.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 649 | Mustaq Ali Patel Mustaq Ali Patel Patel told his Tribunal he was beaten by his initial captors to force him to falsely claim to be a Saudi. He claimed he had been beaten so badly that his memory and cognitive abilities had never recovered.-Determined not to have been an Enemy Combatant:... |
Returned to France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... on 7 March 2005 |
| 672 | Zakirjan Asam Zakirjan Asam -Transcript:Asam chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a fourteen page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.... |
Set free on 17 November 2006 |
| 712 | Hammad Ali Amno Gadallah Hammad Ali Amno Gadallah -Habeas corpus:A writ of habeas corpus was filed on his behalf.It was amalgamated with other petitions, and heard by US District Court Judge Reggie Walton, as part of Mohammon v... |
Returned to Sudan Sudan Sudan , officially the Republic of the Sudan , is a country in North Africa, sometimes considered part of the Middle East politically. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the... on 19 July 2005 |
| 716 | Allah Muhammed Saleem Allah Muhammed Saleem On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a Summarized transcript from over 300 Tribunals.Saleem's transcript was not published on March 3, 2006. A three page summarized transcript from the unclassified session of his Tribunal was published... |
Released to Albania on 7 January 2007, where he applied for asylum |
| 718 | Fethi Boucetta Fethi Boucetta -Determined not to have been an Enemy Combatant:The Washington Post reports that Boucetta was one of 38 detainees who was determined not to have been an enemy combatant during his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.They report that Boucetta has been released.... |
Released to Albania rather than his home of Algeria Algeria Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab... |
| 730 | Ibrahim Fauzee Ibrahim Fauzee -Transcript:There is no record thatIbrahim Fauzee participated in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.-Determined not to have been an Enemy Combatant:... |
Citizen of the Maldives Maldives The Maldives , , officially Republic of Maldives , also referred to as the Maldive Islands, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean formed by a double chain of twenty-six atolls oriented north-south off India's Lakshadweep islands, between Minicoy Island and... , release date unknown |
| 812 | Qalandar Shah | Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 834 | Shahwali Zair Mohammed Shaheen Naqeebyllah | Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 835 | Rasool Shahwali Zair Mohammed Mohammed Rasool Shahwali Zair Mohammed Mohammed Rasool Shahwali Zair Mohammed Mohammed is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 835.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 929 | Abdul Qudus | Youngest person ever detained at Guantanamo only 14 years old when he arrived in Guantanamo early 2002, he returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 952 | Shahzada | Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 953 | Hammdidullah Hammdidullah Hammdidullah is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.American counter-terror analysts estimate he was born in 1973, in... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 958 | Mohammad Nasim Mohammad Nasim (Guantanamo detainee 958) -Transcript:Nasim chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a ten page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 986 | Kako Kandahari | Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 1013 | Feda Ahmed Feda Ahmed Feda Ahmed is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba until April 18, 2005.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 1019 | Nasibullah Nasibullah -Determined not to have been an Enemy Combatant:The Washington Post reports that Nasibullah was one of 38 detainees who was determined not to have been an enemy combatant during his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.They report that Nasibullah has been released.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 1041 | Habib Noor Habib Noor -Transcript:Noor chose to participate in his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.On March 3, 2006, in response to a court order from Jed Rakoff the Department of Defense published a six page summarized transcript from his Combatant Status Review Tribunal.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
| 1117 | Jalil | Returned to Afghanistan on 11 March 2005 |
| 1157 | Hukumra Khan Hukumra Khan Hukumra or Hukumra Khan is a citizen of Afghanistan who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.His Guantanamo Internment Serial Number was 1157.... |
Returned to Afghanistan on 18 April 2005 |
On 17 January 2009, Carol Rosenberg
Carol Rosenberg
Carol Rosenberg is a senior journalist, currently with the McClatchy News Service.Rosenberg works at the Miami Herald, which has provided extensive coverage of the operation of the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba.-Biography:...
, writing in the Miami Herald, quoted Guantanamo spokesman Jeffrey Gordon
Jeffrey D. Gordon
Jeffrey D. Gordon is a communications consultant to several conservative Washington, DC-based think tanks. Gordon is also a contributing columnist to Fox News, AOL News, the Washington Times and other media outlets. Previously, he was a Commander in the United States Navy.-Naval career:He was...
, that a panel of officers had recently reviewed Bismullah's "enemy combatant" status, and determined, "based on new evidence", that he was not an enemy combatant after all.
Bismullah was released to Afghanistan on January 17.