Nototrichium humile
Encyclopedia
Nototrichium humile is a rare species of flowering plant in the amaranth family
known by the common names kaala rockwort and kulu'i. It is endemic to Hawaii
, where it is now limited to the island of Oahu
, having been extirpated
from Maui
. It is a federally listed endangered species
of the United States.
The main threat to the species is fire
. Most populations occur on the Makua Military Reservation in the Waianae Range
of Oahu, in territory at high risk for fire. Other threats include damage to the habitat by feral goat
s, and competition with introduced species
of plants, such as pamakani haole
(Ageratina adenophora), spreading mist flower (Ageratina riparia), dog tail
(Buddleja asiatica), wait-a-bit
(Caesalpinia decapetala), ti (Cordyline fruticosa), silk oak
(Grevillea robusta), koa haole (Leucaena leucocephala), pride of India
(Melia azedarach), and molasses grass
(Melinis minutiflora).
This shrub
grows upright or trailing and produces slender spikes of flowers.
Amaranthaceae
The flowering plant family Amaranthaceae, the Amaranth family, contains about 176 genera and 2,400 species.- Description :Most of these species are herbs or subshrubs; very few are trees or climbers. Some species are succulent....
known by the common names kaala rockwort and kulu'i. It is endemic to Hawaii
Hawaii
Hawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states , and is the only U.S. state made up entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of...
, where it is now limited to the island of Oahu
Oahu
Oahu or Oahu , known as "The Gathering Place", is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands and most populous of the islands in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The state capital Honolulu is located on the southeast coast...
, having been extirpated
Local extinction
Local extinction, also known as extirpation, is the condition of a species which ceases to exist in the chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere...
from Maui
Maui
The island of Maui is the second-largest of the Hawaiian Islands at and is the 17th largest island in the United States. Maui is part of the state of Hawaii and is the largest of Maui County's four islands, bigger than Lānai, Kahoolawe, and Molokai. In 2010, Maui had a population of 144,444,...
. It is a federally listed endangered species
Endangered species
An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters...
of the United States.
The main threat to the species is fire
Fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition....
. Most populations occur on the Makua Military Reservation in the Waianae Range
Waianae Range
Waianae Range is the eroded remains of an ancient shield volcano that comprises the western half of the Hawaiian Island of Oahu...
of Oahu, in territory at high risk for fire. Other threats include damage to the habitat by feral goat
Feral goat
The feral goat is the domestic goat when it has become established in the wild. Feral goats occur in Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, Great Britain, Hawaii, the Galapagos and in many other parts of the world...
s, and competition with introduced species
Introduced species
An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...
of plants, such as pamakani haole
Ageratina adenophora
Ageratina adenophora is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by many common names, including eupatory, sticky snakeroot, crofton weed, and Mexican devil.- Description :...
(Ageratina adenophora), spreading mist flower (Ageratina riparia), dog tail
Buddleja asiatica
Buddleja asiatica is a tender deciduous shrub native to a vast area of the East Indies, and first described by Loureiro in 1790. The shrub can be found in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, New Guinea, and the Philippines, growing in open...
(Buddleja asiatica), wait-a-bit
Caesalpinia decapetala
Caesalpinia decapetala commonly known as the Mauritius or Mysore thorn or the cat's claw is a tropical tree species originating in India....
(Caesalpinia decapetala), ti (Cordyline fruticosa), silk oak
Grevillea robusta
Grevillea robusta, commonly known as the southern silky oak or Silky-oak, or Australian Silver-oak, is the largest species in the genus Grevillea. It is a native of eastern coastal Australia, in riverine, subtropical and dry rainforest environments receiving more than 1,000 mm per year of...
(Grevillea robusta), koa haole (Leucaena leucocephala), pride of India
Melia azedarach
Melia azedarach is a species of deciduous tree in the mahogany family, Meliaceae, that is native to Pakistan, India, Indochina Southeast Asia and Australia...
(Melia azedarach), and molasses grass
Melinis minutiflora
Melinis minutiflora, commonly known as molasses grass, is a species of grass. It has been weedy in Australia, where it has been introduced....
(Melinis minutiflora).
This shrub
Shrub
A shrub or bush is distinguished from a tree by its multiple stems and shorter height, usually under 5–6 m tall. A large number of plants may become either shrubs or trees, depending on the growing conditions they experience...
grows upright or trailing and produces slender spikes of flowers.