Novo Hamburgo
Encyclopedia
Novo Hamburgo is a city in the southernmost Brazil
ian state of Rio Grande do Sul
.Its population is 237,044 (2010). The city covers an area of 217 square kilometers, and the average temperature is 19°C, a mild one for the region. In the decade of 1980 it received the nickname "National Capital of Skateboard
", attracting many athletes, tracks and companies directed to the sport. The Sinos River
(Rio dos Sinos) runs through it.
The city is the industrial center of the Sinos River Valley
, the economy of which is based mainly on the manufacture of shoes and the associated leather goods supply chain. It is considered a rich city by Brazilian standards, although many slums dot its outskirts and crime is rampant.
, the cradle of German immigration
in Brazil
. The Germans established a prosperous agricultural colony and eventually started to supply the state's main urban centers at that time with food.
Some of the immigrants also brought handicraft skills, valuable for a self-sufficient, isolated economy, as the valley and the state were at that time. In Novo Hamburgo, the first urban agglomeration appeared around the Hamburger Berg, circa 1870, where there was a little commerce. The city was emancipated from São Leopoldo
on April 5, 1927, and soon joined the rest of Brazil in its run to industrialization. The city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Hamburgo
in 1980.
. At this time, the shoe industry was in full swing and there was an intense expansion of trade and an abundance of work for the service providers in the region. In 1924 this expansion prompted a group of men to create a committee with the goal of achieving emancipation for the district.
These men were: Jacob Kroeff Neto, Pedro Adams Filho, Leopodo Petry, André Klipp, Julius Kunz, José João Carlos Martins and Carlos Dienstbach
On three occasions, letters sent to the São Leopoldo
council requesting emancipation were denied. Faced with this rejection the group decided to send the request to the state government: The governor at that time was Borges de Medeiros
who subsequently asked the commission to submit a formal application including voter signatures requesting emancipation.
Three years later on the 5th April 1927 Borges de Medeiros
signed decree No. 3818, known as “The order Gold” creating the municipality Novo Hamburgo. On the same day decree number 3819 was signed creating an administration with a constitutional basis and allowing for the nomination of a temporary mayor. The document gave a maximum period of two months to hold an election for mayor and councillors.
Jacob Kroeff Netto was named the first Provisional Mayor of Novo Hamburgo by Borges, under decree number 3820.
. The city is divided into four basins, formed by Pampa creek, Cerquinho creek, Luiz Rau creek and Gauchinha creek. As well as these, there are several creeks that flow into the várzea region of the Sinos, both on the north bank of the river and in the south.
This industry also spread into neighboring towns, with many tanneries, chemical plants and shoe component factories being opened.
One example of this industry is the National Fair of Shoes held annually in Fenac. This fair was started locally in 1963 held in a small neighbourhood convention centre. Today, Fenac is not only home to this fair but also other related fairs such as Fimec (footwear machines exhibition), and Courovisão Ecovisão (Leather Fair).
A new Industrial District is being planned in the area of Lomba Grande
, however some locals have voiced concerns that this construction may have environmental implications.
, with Novo Hamburgo being the center of these operations. Novo Hamburgo has developed a complete infrastructure for production, marketing and trading of footwear, and now has the largest movement of containers in Brazil
. The export of shoes is currently worth about two billion dollars.
, with more than 5,500 outlets, including major Brazilian chain stores such as Magazine Luiza, Lojas Renner
, C&A
, Lojas Americanas
, Casas Bahia
, Ponto Frio, Lojas Colombo and Delta Sul.
In the shopping district there are four large supermarkets Big (Wal-Mart
), Carrefour
, Bourbon (Zaffari) and União. The Bourbon shopping Novo Hamburgo is the largest with about 160 stores.
Example of the service industry are cargo agents, brokers, export agents, trading companies as well as the presence of important banks.
The Feevale University inaugurated on 20th of September 2011 the largest theatre in the state of Rio Grande do Sul with a capacity to 1.805 spectators in Novo Hamburgo. The theatre was built in the campus II of the university. It is administered in partnership with Opus Promotions.
The first school in Novo Hamburgo
was founded in 1832, called Comunidade Evangélica Hamburgo Velho (Old Hamburg Evangelic Community). The school taught through the German language
as that was the most common language at that time. The teaching material was poor and the provincial government was giving them little support. The central government at the time had no interest in investing in education and therefore would not release funds to the different provinces.
In 1833 there were only two public schools, in 1866 a school for girls was founded by a group of Nuns - The Engel Sisters located in the Hamburgo Velho
neighborhood. which would become a "Fundação Evangélica" (Evangelic Foundation). The creation of this school was a big step for women's education, although still largely focused on traditonal values such as child rearing and home care.
The first Catholic school created in the town was Santa Catarina college founded on the 10 June 1900 by the Sisters Maria Romualda Flash and Maria Julitta Schwark, who were invited to come to the Hamburg Berg region (which would later become Hamburgo Velho) by several families - Czermak, Carlos Klein, José Kroeff, João Altmeyer, Zimmer and Plentz.
The Jesuit priests arrived in the Sinos River Valley
region in the mid-nineteenth century and took over the Church Nossa Senhora da Piedade in Hamburgo Velho
. In 1914, the Priest Benedict Meienhofer organized the opening of a Catholic school for boys, which was called St. Jacob's college.
In 1927, the year when Novo Hamburgo was emancipated, there were seven state schools in the city , with a total of 374 students, one state school with 72 students and six private schools with 478 students. In 1930 there were eight state schools, six city run schools and eight private schools, with the student population rising to 1477.
The Vargas Era (1930-1945) represented a significant advance in Brazilian education. This educational revolution also had an impact in Novo Hamburgo. In 1943, the city schools had grown to a total of 35, with a total of 3668 students.
The main educational institutions in Novo Hamburgo today are:
, a scenic bypass of Brazilian cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul
with heavy Germanic influence. Other cities on the Rota Romântica
are São Leopoldo
, Estância Velha
, Ivoti
, Dois Irmãos
, Morro Reuter
, Santa Maria do Herval
, Presidente Lucena
, Picada Café
, Nova Petrópolis
, Gramado
, Canela
and São Francisco de Paula
.
In the historical centre which is located in the Hamburgo Velho neighbourhood, there are still some half-timbered buildings constructed in the same technique, as the Community Schmitt-Presser Museum
(first exemplary technique protected by IPHAN in Brazil).
There are also the works of the German architect Ernst Seubert, some of his known buildings are the Church of Reis Magos
(IECLB), the Church of Our Lady of Mercy
, Bakery Reiss
("Padaria Reiss"), Schmitt House ("Casa Rosa") and Municipal Public Library Machado De Assis
. Also noteworthy is the neoclassical building of the Ernesto Frederico Scheffel Foundation
.
There is a "Historic-Cultural street" called Rua General Osório, along which there are dozens of historic buildings from various periods. Notable buildings along this street are the St. Catherine College, the building of the former Frohsin Society, designed by the German architect Theo Wiederspahn, the homes of the families Richter, Klein, Momberger, Snel, and Grunner, This street is recognized by the City Master Plan as an area of historical and cultural interest.
In the Downtown Area you can see the Monument to the Shoemaker
, Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis Gonzaga
and the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Ascension
, both historical constructions of the 1950s. The latter follows the Gothic style, with pure forms of the original Gothic architecture.
There are also dozens of eclectic houses distributed among this historical area, but these are not officially recognized. The city also presents some interesting examples of modernism, especially residences built from the period 1950-1960.
, occupied an area of 156 square kilometers, making a total of 2/3 of the municipal area. It is considered environmentally protected area where the wetlands of the Sinos River
is very important for the preservation of the ecosystem, both fauna
as flora
.
Lomba Grande
also received the first German
immigrants who settled in the Hemp Linen factory, then owned by the municipality of Sao Leopoldo
. Today provides one of the main points of visiting the city, where the natural attractions of the neighborhood next to developments designed for leisure and tourism attracts many tourists.
They are horse racing
, recreational sites, resorts, environmental education center, allowing tourists to enjoy outdoor activities such as horseback riding, adventure tourism
, contact with animals, recreation, swimming pools, mountain biking
, among a host of other activities.
Also in Lomba Grande that are harvested without pesticides the horticultural trade shows that cater to the rural producer in town and some properties of family farms and cooperatives produce colonial products and integrals.
There are restaurants offering food fresh from the colonial neighborhood itself. The neighborhood also has many cultural attractions such as churches, cemeteries and a roadmap that includes visits to artists.
craftsmen eventually started to manufacture shoes and machinery on a large scale and in the 1960s began to export goods, a process that transformed the city into a magnet for internal immigrants from impoverished areas around the state and the country. This caused significant demographic growth that was not accompanied by the infrastructure needed to accommodate the recently arrived population; favelas then formed, which are the source of many of today's social problems.
Today's Novo Hamburgo depends heavily upon shoe exports, although it diversified its industrial and commercial base in the early 1990s.
. There are reports that the Monoclo had an important role in the fight for emancipation of Novo Hamburgo city, despite having closed its activities before Novo Hamburgo was emancipated.
The 5 Abril newspaper is considered the first newspaper published in the city of Novo Hamburgo, this was set up by Leopoldo Petry who decided to create the newspaper to defend the interests of the city. The 5 Abril newspapers were published weekly in Portuguese
, but with ads
in German
. The newspaper lasted 35 years, completing 1811 editions. There were four pages per issue and 200 to 300 copies were distributed each week. The were significant numbers for the period, given that the German language
was predominant among the 8,500 inhabitants.
Over the next 30 to 50 years, there were several newspapers that began publishing in Novo Hamburgo such as:
The development of “gaucho
” journalism generated opportunities for the creation of new newspapers in such as the Sl in 1957 in Sao Leopoldo
and Jornal NH, in 1960 in Novo Hamburgo.
Today, with more than 250,000 inhabitants, Novo Hamburgo is the seventh most populated city in the state and has three main newspapers currently being published: Folha de Novo Hamburgo, The Tribuna and O Polvo Um. NH, from the Sinos Group is the largest newspaper in the region and one of the largest published in the state.
Channel 20 Novo Hamburgo works by the NET broadband Novo Hamburgo. Channel 20 has varied programming.
TV Mais NH is a local community channel that operates through channel 14 of the NET broadband in Novo Hamburgo.
is major football team in town. It is affectionately called as Anilado among fans. The club dispute some championships. The club was founded on may 1st, 1911 by a group of employees of the extinct Adams shoe factory.
Since then, the Hamburguenses could watch in the victories of team the Santa Rosa Stadium .
The stadium was sold in 2005, but a new one is being built in Liberty neighbourhood.
Tennis is another sport very important in Novo Hamburgo. The city featured athletes like Fernando Roese
, Paulo Taicher and Andre Ghem
.
There are some places offer tennis court and host sport competitions such as Sociedade Ginástica, Aliança and Wallau Centro de Esportes.
In the city, it is also possible to practice or attend games and competitions in volleyball, punhobol, futsal ball, archery, handball, bicycle motocross, among other activities.
date back to 1866 with proposals for construction in the Sinos River Valley
region. On April 14, 1874, the first train track between Porto Alegre
and Sao Leopoldo
was completed. This was constructed by a British Company called The Porto Alegre & New Hamburg Brazilian Railway Company Limited. Owned by Johan Mac Ginity.
The first train arrived in Novo Hamburgo on the 1st of January 1876. The station was named Novo Hamburgo Station. The railway did not go through the village of Hamburguer Berg, the station was built some 3 km away thus, a new urban area began to develop around the railway station.
Only in 1882 the Novo Hamburgo station was connected at the village which was named as Hamburguer Berg, this line eventually was extended to Canela
in 1922.
In 1919, the Novo Hamburgo station was renamed Borges de Medeiros, reflecting the anti-German sentiment caused by Great War and also Hamburg Berg was renamed Genuine Sampaio . However, Novo Hamburgo station returned to the original name in 1920 and Hamburguer Berg received its current name of Hamburgo Velho
.
In 1964, the Novo Hamburgo to Taquara
line was closed, leaving Novo Hamburgo station as the end point of the line. In late 1966, the rest of section, Rio dos Sinos to Novo Hamburgo stations was abolished and the station was deactivated.
In 2008 the Federal government authorized the expansion train services to Novo Hamburgo. The works started in early 2009 and is expected to be completed 2012. This project includes the construction of an additional 9.3 kilometres and four new stations: Rio dos Sinos, in the municipality of São Leopoldo
, Liberdade, Fenac and Novo Hamburgo, in the city of Novo Hamburgo
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian state of Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
.Its population is 237,044 (2010). The city covers an area of 217 square kilometers, and the average temperature is 19°C, a mild one for the region. In the decade of 1980 it received the nickname "National Capital of Skateboard
Skateboard
A skateboard is typically a specially designed plywood board combined with a polyurethane coating used for making smoother slides and stronger durability, used primarily for the activity of skateboarding. The first skateboards to reach public notice came out of the surfing craze of the early 1960s,...
", attracting many athletes, tracks and companies directed to the sport. The Sinos River
Sinos River
Sinos River, Portuguese Rio dos Sinos, is a river in Rio Grande do Sul estado , southern Brazil. It rises in the hills east of Caraá at altitudes above 600 meters and covers a distance of about 190 km, flowing into the delta Jacuí in Canoas, at an altitude of only 5 meters....
(Rio dos Sinos) runs through it.
The city is the industrial center of the Sinos River Valley
Sinos River Valley
The Sinos River basin is situated Northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, covering two geomorphologic provinces: the Southern plateau and central depression. It is territory is inside the Guaíba basin and has an area of almost 800 km2, consisted 32 municipalities....
, the economy of which is based mainly on the manufacture of shoes and the associated leather goods supply chain. It is considered a rich city by Brazilian standards, although many slums dot its outskirts and crime is rampant.
History
The area of the city was first settled by Portuguese immigrants in the mid 18th century, but it would grow to the status of village only with the arrival of the first German immigrants in 1824. At that time, Novo Hamburgo was part of São LeopoldoSão Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
, the cradle of German immigration
German Brazilian
A German Brazilian is a Brazilian person of ethnic German ancestry or origin...
in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. The Germans established a prosperous agricultural colony and eventually started to supply the state's main urban centers at that time with food.
Some of the immigrants also brought handicraft skills, valuable for a self-sufficient, isolated economy, as the valley and the state were at that time. In Novo Hamburgo, the first urban agglomeration appeared around the Hamburger Berg, circa 1870, where there was a little commerce. The city was emancipated from São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
on April 5, 1927, and soon joined the rest of Brazil in its run to industrialization. The city was made the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Hamburgo
Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Hamburgo
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Hamburgo is a diocese located in the city of Novo Hamburgo in the Ecclesiastical province of Porto Alegre in Brazil.-History:...
in 1980.
Emancipation
In the mid 1920’s, Novo Hamburgo was a sub district of São LeopoldoSão Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
. At this time, the shoe industry was in full swing and there was an intense expansion of trade and an abundance of work for the service providers in the region. In 1924 this expansion prompted a group of men to create a committee with the goal of achieving emancipation for the district.
These men were: Jacob Kroeff Neto, Pedro Adams Filho, Leopodo Petry, André Klipp, Julius Kunz, José João Carlos Martins and Carlos Dienstbach
On three occasions, letters sent to the São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
council requesting emancipation were denied. Faced with this rejection the group decided to send the request to the state government: The governor at that time was Borges de Medeiros
Borges de Medeiros
Antônio Augusto Borges de Medeiros was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, and the President of Rio Grande do Sul for 25 years, during the period of Brazilian history known as the República Velha....
who subsequently asked the commission to submit a formal application including voter signatures requesting emancipation.
Three years later on the 5th April 1927 Borges de Medeiros
Borges de Medeiros
Antônio Augusto Borges de Medeiros was a Brazilian lawyer and politician, and the President of Rio Grande do Sul for 25 years, during the period of Brazilian history known as the República Velha....
signed decree No. 3818, known as “The order Gold” creating the municipality Novo Hamburgo. On the same day decree number 3819 was signed creating an administration with a constitutional basis and allowing for the nomination of a temporary mayor. The document gave a maximum period of two months to hold an election for mayor and councillors.
Jacob Kroeff Netto was named the first Provisional Mayor of Novo Hamburgo by Borges, under decree number 3820.
Hydrograph
Novo Hamburgo is part of the River Sinos basinRiver Sinos basin
The Sinos River basin is situated Northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, covering two geomorphologic provinces: the Southern plateau and central depression. It is territory of the Guaíba basin and has an area of almost 800 km2, consisted 32 municipalities....
. The city is divided into four basins, formed by Pampa creek, Cerquinho creek, Luiz Rau creek and Gauchinha creek. As well as these, there are several creeks that flow into the várzea region of the Sinos, both on the north bank of the river and in the south.
Climate
Novo Hamburgo has four well defined seasons. In winter, temperatures can hover around zero degrees, and in some instances can reach 1 to 2 degrees negative. In the summer the temperatures get high often above 40 degrees. The average temperature of Novo Hamburgo during the year is 19 degrees.Industry
Novo Hamburgo is most famous for its footwear industry. The footwear manufacturing industry came about quite quickly, and led to Novo Hamburgo being recognized as the Capital of Brazilian Footwear. The city also has industries in the area of pharmacy, cosmetics, furniture, food, appliances, clothing, graphic art, electronics, chemical and constructions.This industry also spread into neighboring towns, with many tanneries, chemical plants and shoe component factories being opened.
One example of this industry is the National Fair of Shoes held annually in Fenac. This fair was started locally in 1963 held in a small neighbourhood convention centre. Today, Fenac is not only home to this fair but also other related fairs such as Fimec (footwear machines exhibition), and Courovisão Ecovisão (Leather Fair).
A new Industrial District is being planned in the area of Lomba Grande
Lomba Grande
Lomba Grande is a rural district in the city of Novo Hamburgo in Rio Grande do Sul state. Its population is 4.204 it is located 12 km from the urban center and occupies an area of 143.67 km, which represents 60% of the total area of the municipality...
, however some locals have voiced concerns that this construction may have environmental implications.
Export
It is estimated that about 80% of Brazilian exports of shoes come out of Rio Grande do SulRio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
, with Novo Hamburgo being the center of these operations. Novo Hamburgo has developed a complete infrastructure for production, marketing and trading of footwear, and now has the largest movement of containers in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. The export of shoes is currently worth about two billion dollars.
Shops and services
Novo Hamburgo is the largest commercial area of Sinos River ValleySinos River Valley
The Sinos River basin is situated Northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, covering two geomorphologic provinces: the Southern plateau and central depression. It is territory is inside the Guaíba basin and has an area of almost 800 km2, consisted 32 municipalities....
, with more than 5,500 outlets, including major Brazilian chain stores such as Magazine Luiza, Lojas Renner
Lojas Renner
Lojas Renner is the second largest Brazilian department stores clothing, headquartered in Porto Alegre - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil...
, C&A
C&A
C&A is an international chain of fashion retail clothing stores, with its European head offices in Vilvoorde , Belgium and Düsseldorf, Germany...
, Lojas Americanas
Lojas Americanas
Lojas Americanas is a Brazilian retail chain founded in 1929 in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, by Austrian Max Landesmann and Americans John Lee, Glen Matson, James Marshall and Batson Borger...
, Casas Bahia
Casas Bahia
Casas Bahia is a in Brazilian retail chain which specializes in furniture and home appliances. It was founded in 1957 in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, by Polish immigrant Samuel Klein , who began his career as a peddler selling products to immigrants from the Brazilian Northeast...
, Ponto Frio, Lojas Colombo and Delta Sul.
In the shopping district there are four large supermarkets Big (Wal-Mart
Wal-Mart
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. , branded as Walmart since 2008 and Wal-Mart before then, is an American public multinational corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores. The company is the world's 18th largest public corporation, according to the Forbes Global 2000...
), Carrefour
Carrefour
Carrefour S.A. is an international hypermarket chain headquartered in Levallois-Perret, France. It is one of the largest hypermarket chains in the world...
, Bourbon (Zaffari) and União. The Bourbon shopping Novo Hamburgo is the largest with about 160 stores.
Example of the service industry are cargo agents, brokers, export agents, trading companies as well as the presence of important banks.
Theatre
The Paschoal Charlemagne Theatre located at the Culture Department of Novo Hamburgo, has a capacity for approximately 490 people. Paranóia Productions has a school in the theatre trains local actors. The school has sent students to the biggest cities of the country to work inplays and shows.The Feevale University inaugurated on 20th of September 2011 the largest theatre in the state of Rio Grande do Sul with a capacity to 1.805 spectators in Novo Hamburgo. The theatre was built in the campus II of the university. It is administered in partnership with Opus Promotions.
Education
The first school in Novo Hamburgo
Novo Hamburgo
Novo Hamburgo is a city in the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.Its population is 237,044 . The city covers an area of 217 square kilometers, and the average temperature is 19°C, a mild one for the region...
was founded in 1832, called Comunidade Evangélica Hamburgo Velho (Old Hamburg Evangelic Community). The school taught through the German language
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
as that was the most common language at that time. The teaching material was poor and the provincial government was giving them little support. The central government at the time had no interest in investing in education and therefore would not release funds to the different provinces.
In 1833 there were only two public schools, in 1866 a school for girls was founded by a group of Nuns - The Engel Sisters located in the Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho is considered the historical district of Novo Hamburgo....
neighborhood. which would become a "Fundação Evangélica" (Evangelic Foundation). The creation of this school was a big step for women's education, although still largely focused on traditonal values such as child rearing and home care.
The first Catholic school created in the town was Santa Catarina college founded on the 10 June 1900 by the Sisters Maria Romualda Flash and Maria Julitta Schwark, who were invited to come to the Hamburg Berg region (which would later become Hamburgo Velho) by several families - Czermak, Carlos Klein, José Kroeff, João Altmeyer, Zimmer and Plentz.
The Jesuit priests arrived in the Sinos River Valley
Sinos River Valley
The Sinos River basin is situated Northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, covering two geomorphologic provinces: the Southern plateau and central depression. It is territory is inside the Guaíba basin and has an area of almost 800 km2, consisted 32 municipalities....
region in the mid-nineteenth century and took over the Church Nossa Senhora da Piedade in Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho is considered the historical district of Novo Hamburgo....
. In 1914, the Priest Benedict Meienhofer organized the opening of a Catholic school for boys, which was called St. Jacob's college.
In 1927, the year when Novo Hamburgo was emancipated, there were seven state schools in the city , with a total of 374 students, one state school with 72 students and six private schools with 478 students. In 1930 there were eight state schools, six city run schools and eight private schools, with the student population rising to 1477.
The Vargas Era (1930-1945) represented a significant advance in Brazilian education. This educational revolution also had an impact in Novo Hamburgo. In 1943, the city schools had grown to a total of 35, with a total of 3668 students.
The main educational institutions in Novo Hamburgo today are:
- Universidade FeevaleUniversidade FeevaleThe Universidade Feevale is a Brazilian university, located in the city of Novo Hamburgo in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul...
- Ftec Faculdades
- Ceducs Centro de Educação Superior
- Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul
- Faculdade IENH - Instituição Evangélica do Novo Hamburgo
- Colégio Santa Catarina
- Fundação Escola Técnica Liberato Salzano V da Cunha
- Colégio Marista Pio XII
Tourism
Novo Hamburgo is one of 13 charming cities on the Rota RomânticaRota Romântica
The Rota Romântica is a scenic tourist route that runs through 13 municipalities located in the mountainous Serra Gaúcha region of the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The area was first colonized by German immigrants in the first half of the 19th century...
, a scenic bypass of Brazilian cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
with heavy Germanic influence. Other cities on the Rota Romântica
Rota Romântica
The Rota Romântica is a scenic tourist route that runs through 13 municipalities located in the mountainous Serra Gaúcha region of the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The area was first colonized by German immigrants in the first half of the 19th century...
are São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
, Estância Velha
Estância Velha
Estância Velha is a municipality in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Ivoti
Ivoti
Ivoti is a municipality in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is known for its apple trees, windmills, and large green plains.-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Dois Irmãos
Dois Irmãos
Dois Irmãos is a municipality in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Its original German name was Baumschneis".-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Morro Reuter
Morro Reuter
-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Santa Maria do Herval
Santa Maria do Herval
-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Presidente Lucena
Presidente Lucena
-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Picada Café
Picada Café
Picada Café is a municipality in the state Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.-See also:*List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul...
, Nova Petrópolis
Nova Petrópolis
Nova Petrópolis is a municipality in the Southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The main town and seat of the municipality is also called Nova Petropolis. It is located in the Serra Gaúcha region, at 29º22'35" South, 51º06'52" West, about 100 km north of Porto Alegre, the state capital city...
, Gramado
Gramado
Gramado is a municipality and small touristic town, southeast of Caxias do Sul and east of Nova Petrópolis in the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Serra Gaúcha region. Most of the population of Gramado is of German or Italian descent...
, Canela
Canela
Canela, meaning Cinnamon in Portuguese, Spanish, and Italian, is a town located in the Serra Gaúcha of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Both Canela and neighboring Gramado are important tourist resorts and they both draw many visitors each year. Ecotourism is very popular in the area and there are many...
and São Francisco de Paula
São Francisco de Paula
São Francisco de Paula is a city located in the Serra Gaúcha of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The municipality covers about 3,289.7 km² and sits about 112 km from Porto Alegre. City population estimate for 2004 is 19,968...
.
In the historical centre which is located in the Hamburgo Velho neighbourhood, there are still some half-timbered buildings constructed in the same technique, as the Community Schmitt-Presser Museum
Schmitt-Presser Museum
Schmitt-Presser Museum it was mansion built in the first half of the nineteenth century by German immigrant Johann Peter Schmitt in Hamburgo Velho district of Novo Hamburgo. It is one of the oldest examples of architecture exaimel in Rio Grande do Sul state...
(first exemplary technique protected by IPHAN in Brazil).
There are also the works of the German architect Ernst Seubert, some of his known buildings are the Church of Reis Magos
Church of Reis Magos
The Evangelical Church Three Kings was opened the first temple on January 6, 1833. It was the first Evangelic Church built in Novo Hamburgo and considered one of the first ones in Rio Grande do Sul state...
(IECLB), the Church of Our Lady of Mercy
Church of Our Lady of Mercy
Church of Our Lady of Mercy is localized in Novo Hamburgo. The church was built between 1850 and 1886. The current building was previously a former chapel whose facade is from 1936....
, Bakery Reiss
Bakery Reiss
Bakery Reiss is located in Novo Hamburgo city. it started in 1923, it was one of the region's most modern and equipped with the first steam ovens in the state. It worked until 1943. It was reconstructed by the owner and now houses shops....
("Padaria Reiss"), Schmitt House ("Casa Rosa") and Municipal Public Library Machado De Assis
Municipal Public Library Machado De Assis
Municipal Public Library Machado de Assis localized in Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul state. The Library building was built in 1908 in Gothic German. Earlier worked as Evangelical School and was later occupied by several families...
. Also noteworthy is the neoclassical building of the Ernesto Frederico Scheffel Foundation
Ernesto Frederico Scheffel Foundation
Ernesto Frederico Scheffel Foundation was built in neoclassical style in 1880 by Adão Adolf Schmitt. The art gallery is located in Novo Hamburgo.it is considered one of the world's largest art galleries showing works by a single artist. In its three floors are exposed paintings, sculptures,...
.
There is a "Historic-Cultural street" called Rua General Osório, along which there are dozens of historic buildings from various periods. Notable buildings along this street are the St. Catherine College, the building of the former Frohsin Society, designed by the German architect Theo Wiederspahn, the homes of the families Richter, Klein, Momberger, Snel, and Grunner, This street is recognized by the City Master Plan as an area of historical and cultural interest.
In the Downtown Area you can see the Monument to the Shoemaker
Monument to the Shoemaker
Monument to the shoemaker was designed by Flávio Scholles to homage to the workers of shoe factories in Novo Hamburgo. It was inaugurated on 01/05/1979....
, Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis Gonzaga
Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis Gonzaga
The Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis Gonzaga is the main church in the city of Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul.The foundation of the future Church was started in January 7, 1924 after purchasing land with 9.650m ², where it is today the Cathedral Basilica of St...
and the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Ascension
Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Ascension
Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Ascension the first temple was built in 1895 and was founded on October 7, 1951. The building is situated in Novo Hamburgo with 476.48 meters square, built in neo-Gothic style; the architectural molds are from Cologne city in Germany...
, both historical constructions of the 1950s. The latter follows the Gothic style, with pure forms of the original Gothic architecture.
There are also dozens of eclectic houses distributed among this historical area, but these are not officially recognized. The city also presents some interesting examples of modernism, especially residences built from the period 1950-1960.
Natural Atractions Lomba Grande
It is the Rural District of Novo HamburgoNovo Hamburgo
Novo Hamburgo is a city in the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul.Its population is 237,044 . The city covers an area of 217 square kilometers, and the average temperature is 19°C, a mild one for the region...
, occupied an area of 156 square kilometers, making a total of 2/3 of the municipal area. It is considered environmentally protected area where the wetlands of the Sinos River
Sinos River
Sinos River, Portuguese Rio dos Sinos, is a river in Rio Grande do Sul estado , southern Brazil. It rises in the hills east of Caraá at altitudes above 600 meters and covers a distance of about 190 km, flowing into the delta Jacuí in Canoas, at an altitude of only 5 meters....
is very important for the preservation of the ecosystem, both fauna
Fauna
Fauna or faunæ is all of the animal life of any particular region or time. The corresponding term for plants is flora.Zoologists and paleontologists use fauna to refer to a typical collection of animals found in a specific time or place, e.g. the "Sonoran Desert fauna" or the "Burgess shale fauna"...
as flora
Flora
Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life. The corresponding term for animals is fauna.-Etymology:...
.
Lomba Grande
Lomba Grande
Lomba Grande is a rural district in the city of Novo Hamburgo in Rio Grande do Sul state. Its population is 4.204 it is located 12 km from the urban center and occupies an area of 143.67 km, which represents 60% of the total area of the municipality...
also received the first German
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
immigrants who settled in the Hemp Linen factory, then owned by the municipality of Sao Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
. Today provides one of the main points of visiting the city, where the natural attractions of the neighborhood next to developments designed for leisure and tourism attracts many tourists.
They are horse racing
Horse racing
Horse racing is an equestrian sport that has a long history. Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in ancient Babylon, Syria, and Egypt. Both chariot and mounted horse racing were events in the ancient Greek Olympics by 648 BC...
, recreational sites, resorts, environmental education center, allowing tourists to enjoy outdoor activities such as horseback riding, adventure tourism
Adventure tourism
Adventure travel is a type of tourism, involving exploration or travel to remote, exotic and possibly hostile areas. Adventure tourism is rapidly growing in popularity, as tourists seek different kinds of vacations. According to the U.S...
, contact with animals, recreation, swimming pools, mountain biking
Mountain biking
Mountain biking is a sport which consists of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, using specially adapted mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes, but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain.Mountain biking can...
, among a host of other activities.
Also in Lomba Grande that are harvested without pesticides the horticultural trade shows that cater to the rural producer in town and some properties of family farms and cooperatives produce colonial products and integrals.
There are restaurants offering food fresh from the colonial neighborhood itself. The neighborhood also has many cultural attractions such as churches, cemeteries and a roadmap that includes visits to artists.
Economy and Society
The GermanGermans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
craftsmen eventually started to manufacture shoes and machinery on a large scale and in the 1960s began to export goods, a process that transformed the city into a magnet for internal immigrants from impoverished areas around the state and the country. This caused significant demographic growth that was not accompanied by the infrastructure needed to accommodate the recently arrived population; favelas then formed, which are the source of many of today's social problems.
Today's Novo Hamburgo depends heavily upon shoe exports, although it diversified its industrial and commercial base in the early 1990s.
Newspapers
In 1918 the first newspaper called the Monoclo was registered and circulated, the paper was directed by Arnaldo Mayer and distributed on Saturdays. This newspaper had a short life, lasting only nine issues, this was during the period in which Hamburguer Berg was still a district of Sao LeopoldoSão Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
. There are reports that the Monoclo had an important role in the fight for emancipation of Novo Hamburgo city, despite having closed its activities before Novo Hamburgo was emancipated.
The 5 Abril newspaper is considered the first newspaper published in the city of Novo Hamburgo, this was set up by Leopoldo Petry who decided to create the newspaper to defend the interests of the city. The 5 Abril newspapers were published weekly in Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
, but with ads
ADS
ADS or Ads may refer to:In computing:* Advanced Design System, an EDA tool from Agilent EEsof EDA* Advantage Database Server, a Relational Database Management System* Alternate data stream, a filesystem fork in Microsoft NTFS...
in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
. The newspaper lasted 35 years, completing 1811 editions. There were four pages per issue and 200 to 300 copies were distributed each week. The were significant numbers for the period, given that the German language
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
was predominant among the 8,500 inhabitants.
Over the next 30 to 50 years, there were several newspapers that began publishing in Novo Hamburgo such as:
- The Novo Hamburgo newspaper directed by Anthony Benfica Filho,
- The Intriga newspaper (1931).
- Pau na Nunca newspaper (1931);
- Gazeta Novo Hamburgo, led by Octavian Barreto de Borba (1934);
- Gazeta newspaper (1948);
- Evolucao newspaper (1953);
- Correio Gaucho (1955).
The development of “gaucho
Gaucho
Gaucho is a term commonly used to describe residents of the South American pampas, chacos, or Patagonian grasslands, found principally in parts of Argentina, Uruguay, Southern Chile, and Southern Brazil...
” journalism generated opportunities for the creation of new newspapers in such as the Sl in 1957 in Sao Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
and Jornal NH, in 1960 in Novo Hamburgo.
Today, with more than 250,000 inhabitants, Novo Hamburgo is the seventh most populated city in the state and has three main newspapers currently being published: Folha de Novo Hamburgo, The Tribuna and O Polvo Um. NH, from the Sinos Group is the largest newspaper in the region and one of the largest published in the state.
Radio
The first broadcast in Novo Hamburgo was Radio Hamburguense Progresso in 1948, directed by Milton Vergara Corrêa. The city currently has 6 radio stations, and 5 broadcasting on FM, and one on AM. They are: ABC Radio 900 AM,105.3 Union, Alegria 92.9, 88.7 FM, 99.9 and Novo Tempo 90.3 FM Oi.Television
TV Feevale is a university channel that broadcasts on channel 15 at NET broadband in Novo Hamburgo. TV Feevale has several programs aimed at the community and a news program called "TV Feevale-Air" which features top stories from the city but primarily is focused on news regarding the Feevale Institution.Channel 20 Novo Hamburgo works by the NET broadband Novo Hamburgo. Channel 20 has varied programming.
TV Mais NH is a local community channel that operates through channel 14 of the NET broadband in Novo Hamburgo.
Sport
Esporte Clube Novo HamburgoEsporte Clube Novo Hamburgo
Esporte Clube Novo Hamburgo, or Novo Hamburgo as they are usually called, is a Brazilian football team from Novo Hamburgo in Rio Grande do Sul, founded on May 1, 1911.Home stadium is the Santa Rosa stadium. It has a maximum capacity of 13,000....
is major football team in town. It is affectionately called as Anilado among fans. The club dispute some championships. The club was founded on may 1st, 1911 by a group of employees of the extinct Adams shoe factory.
Since then, the Hamburguenses could watch in the victories of team the Santa Rosa Stadium .
The stadium was sold in 2005, but a new one is being built in Liberty neighbourhood.
Tennis is another sport very important in Novo Hamburgo. The city featured athletes like Fernando Roese
Fernando Roese
Fernando Roese , is a former professional tennis player from Brazil.During his career Roese won 1 doubles title. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 92 in 1992 and a career-high doubles ranking of World No...
, Paulo Taicher and Andre Ghem
André Ghem
André Ghem is a professional Brazilian tennis player.- Career :He reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on August 14, 2006, when he became the World No. 181....
.
There are some places offer tennis court and host sport competitions such as Sociedade Ginástica, Aliança and Wallau Centro de Esportes.
In the city, it is also possible to practice or attend games and competitions in volleyball, punhobol, futsal ball, archery, handball, bicycle motocross, among other activities.
Metro
The history of the railways of Rio Grande do SulRio Grande do Sul
Rio Grande do Sul is the southernmost state in Brazil, and the state with the fifth highest Human Development Index in the country. In this state is located the southernmost city in the country, Chuí, on the border with Uruguay. In the region of Bento Gonçalves and Caxias do Sul, the largest wine...
date back to 1866 with proposals for construction in the Sinos River Valley
Sinos River Valley
The Sinos River basin is situated Northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, covering two geomorphologic provinces: the Southern plateau and central depression. It is territory is inside the Guaíba basin and has an area of almost 800 km2, consisted 32 municipalities....
region. On April 14, 1874, the first train track between Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre is the tenth most populous municipality in Brazil, with 1,409,939 inhabitants, and the centre of Brazil's fourth largest metropolitan area . It is also the capital city of the southernmost Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The city is the southernmost capital city of a Brazilian...
and Sao Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
was completed. This was constructed by a British Company called The Porto Alegre & New Hamburg Brazilian Railway Company Limited. Owned by Johan Mac Ginity.
The first train arrived in Novo Hamburgo on the 1st of January 1876. The station was named Novo Hamburgo Station. The railway did not go through the village of Hamburguer Berg, the station was built some 3 km away thus, a new urban area began to develop around the railway station.
Only in 1882 the Novo Hamburgo station was connected at the village which was named as Hamburguer Berg, this line eventually was extended to Canela
Canela
Canela, meaning Cinnamon in Portuguese, Spanish, and Italian, is a town located in the Serra Gaúcha of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Both Canela and neighboring Gramado are important tourist resorts and they both draw many visitors each year. Ecotourism is very popular in the area and there are many...
in 1922.
In 1919, the Novo Hamburgo station was renamed Borges de Medeiros, reflecting the anti-German sentiment caused by Great War and also Hamburg Berg was renamed Genuine Sampaio . However, Novo Hamburgo station returned to the original name in 1920 and Hamburguer Berg received its current name of Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho
Hamburgo Velho is considered the historical district of Novo Hamburgo....
.
In 1964, the Novo Hamburgo to Taquara
Taquara
Taquara is a municipality in Brazil, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, 72 km from Porto Alegre. Its population is currently estimated at 60,000.The community started with immigrants from Germany....
line was closed, leaving Novo Hamburgo station as the end point of the line. In late 1966, the rest of section, Rio dos Sinos to Novo Hamburgo stations was abolished and the station was deactivated.
In 2008 the Federal government authorized the expansion train services to Novo Hamburgo. The works started in early 2009 and is expected to be completed 2012. This project includes the construction of an additional 9.3 kilometres and four new stations: Rio dos Sinos, in the municipality of São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo
São Leopoldo is an important Brazilian industrial city located in the south state of Rio Grande do Sul. It occupies a total area of 103.9 km² at circa 30 km from the State Capital, Porto Alegre. Climate is sub-tropical, with temperatures varying from 2°C minimum at Winter to more than...
, Liberdade, Fenac and Novo Hamburgo, in the city of Novo Hamburgo
Notable people
- Maicon Douglas Sisenando, (1981) football player
- Muriel Gustavo BeckerMuriel Gustavo BeckerMuriel Gustavo Becker , is a Brazilian goalkeeper who plays for Internacional, from Brazilian Serie A.-Career:In 2009, Muriel has been loaned to Caxias and Portuguesa...
, (1987) football player - Raquel ZimmermannRaquel ZimmermannRaquel Zimmermann is a Brazilian model of German descent.-Discovery and modeling career:Zimmermann was discovered by a scouting agency in Porto Alegre, Brazil at the age of 14 and made her way to Japan and on to Paris...
, (1983) supermodel