Ubiquitin thioesterase OTUB1 also known as otubain-1 is an enzyme

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...

 that in humans is encoded by the OTUB1 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Function

Otubain-1 is a member of the OTU (ovarian tumor) superfamily of predicted cysteine

Cysteine

Cysteine is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCHCH2SH. It is a non-essential amino acid, which means that it is biosynthesized in humans. Its codons are UGU and UGC. The side chain on cysteine is thiol, which is polar and thus cysteine is usually classified as a hydrophilic amino acid...

 proteases. The encoded protein is a highly specific ubiquitin iso-peptidase, and cleaves ubiquitin

Ubiquitin

Ubiquitin is a small regulatory protein that has been found in almost all tissues of eukaryotic organisms. Among other functions, it directs protein recycling.Ubiquitin can be attached to proteins and label them for destruction...

 from branched poly-ubiquitin chains, being specific for lysine⁴⁸ -linked polyubiquitin but not lysine⁶³ -linked polyubiquitin. It interacts with another ubiquitin protease

Deubiquitinating enzyme

Deubiquitinating enzymes are a large group of proteases that regulate ubiquitin-dependent metabolic pathways by cleaving ubiquitin-protein bonds. DUBs are also commonly referred to as deubiquitinating peptidases, deubiquitinating isopeptidases, deubiquitinases, ubiquitin proteases, ubiquitin...

 and an E3 ubiquitin ligase

Ubiquitin ligase

A ubiquitin ligase is a protein that in combination with an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme causes the attachment of ubiquitin to a lysine on a target protein via an isopeptide bond; the E3 ubiquitin ligase targets specific protein substrates for degradation by the proteasome...

 that inhibits cytokine

Cytokine

Cytokines are small cell-signaling protein molecules that are secreted by the glial cells of the nervous system and by numerous cells of the immune system and are a category of signaling molecules used extensively in intercellular communication...

 gene transcription in the immune system. It is proposed to function in specific ubiquitin-dependent pathways, possibly by providing an editing function for polyubiquitin chain growth.

Interactions

OTUB1 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with RNF128

RNF128

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF128 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNF128 gene.-Interactions:RNF128 has been shown to interact with CD154 and OTUB1.-Further reading:...

 and GNB2L1

GNB2L1

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2L1 gene.-Interactions:GNB2L1 has been shown to interact with PDE4D, STAT1, Tyrosine kinase 2, Src, Androgen receptor, AGTRAP, Janus kinase 1, FYN, Cyclin A1, IFNAR2, PRKCE, P73, RAS p21...

.

Further reading