Octopodiformes
Encyclopedia
Octopodiformes is a superorder of the subclass Coleoidea
. It comprises the octopus
es and the vampire squid
. All members of Octopodiformes have 8 arms
.
Coleoidea
Subclass Coleoidea, or Dibranchiata, is the grouping of cephalopods containing all the primarily soft-bodied creatures. Unlike its sister group Nautiloidea, whose members have a rigid outer shell for protection, the coleoids have at most an internal bone or shell that is used for buoyancy or support...
. It comprises the octopus
Octopus
The octopus is a cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. Octopuses have two eyes and four pairs of arms, and like other cephalopods they are bilaterally symmetric. An octopus has a hard beak, with its mouth at the center point of the arms...
es and the vampire squid
Vampire Squid
The vampire squid is a small, deep-sea cephalopod found throughout the temperate and tropical oceans of the world. Unique retractile sensory filaments justify the Vampire Squid's placement in its own order: Vampyromorphida , which shares similarities with both squid and octopuses...
. All members of Octopodiformes have 8 arms
Cephalopod arm
A cephalopod arm is distinct from a tentacle, though the terms are often used interchangeably.Generally, cephalopod arms have suckers along most of their length, as opposed to tentacles, which have suckers only near their ends. Octopuses have eight arms and no tentacles, while squid and cuttlefish...
.
Classification
- Class Cephalopoda
- Subclass Nautiloidea: nautilus
- Subclass †Ammonoidea: ammonites
- Subclass ColeoideaColeoideaSubclass Coleoidea, or Dibranchiata, is the grouping of cephalopods containing all the primarily soft-bodied creatures. Unlike its sister group Nautiloidea, whose members have a rigid outer shell for protection, the coleoids have at most an internal bone or shell that is used for buoyancy or support...
- Superorder DecapodiformesDecapodiformesDecapodiformes is a superorder of Cephalopoda, which includes all species with ten limbs; the name derives from the Greek word meaning ten feet. The ten limbs are divided into 8 short arms and 2 long tentacles. It is presumed that an ancestral coleoid had five identical pairs of limbs, and that one...
: squidSquidSquid are cephalopods of the order Teuthida, which comprises around 300 species. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, a mantle, and arms. Squid, like cuttlefish, have eight arms arranged in pairs and two, usually longer, tentacles...
, cuttlefishCuttlefishCuttlefish are marine animals of the order Sepiida. They belong to the class Cephalopoda . Despite their name, cuttlefish are not fish but molluscs.... - Superorder Octopodiformes
- Family †Trachyteuthididae (incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Order VampyromorphidaVampyromorphidaVampyromorphida is an order of cephalopods comprising one known extant species and many extinct taxa. Physically, they somewhat resemble octopuses, but the eight main tentacles are united by a web of skin, and two smaller tentacles are also present.-Classification:*Order Vampyromorphida**?Suborder...
: Vampire Squid - Order Octopoda
- Genus †KeuppiaKeuppiaKeuppia is an extinct genus of octopus. It consists of two species, Keuppia hyperbolaris and Keuppia levante, both of which lived approximately 95 million years ago. Both species were found in fossilized form, which is very uncommon for extinct octopuses, as the soft tissue of dead octopuses almost...
(incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Genus †Palaeoctopus (incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Genus †Paleocirroteuthis (incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Genus †Pohlsepia (incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Genus †Proteroctopus (incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Genus †StyletoctopusStyletoctopusStyletoctopus is an extinct genus of octopus. The genus consists of the single species Styletoctopus annae, which lived approximately 95 million years ago. Very few octopus species appear in the fossil record, as octopuses consist of soft tissue that usually decomposes before it has time to...
(incertae sedisIncertae sedis, is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is attributed by , , and similar terms.-Examples:*The fossil plant Paradinandra suecica could not be assigned to any...
) - Suborder Cirrina: finned deep-sea octopus
- Family Opisthoteuthidae: umbrella octopus
- Family CirroteuthidaeCirroteuthidaeCirroteuthidae is a family of cirrate octopuses comprising three species in two genera.-Species:*Genus Cirroteuthis**Cirroteuthis muelleri*Genus Cirrothauma**Cirrothauma magna**Cirrothauma murrayi, Blind Cirrate-External links:**...
- Family StauroteuthidaeStauroteuthisStauroteuthis is a genus of deepwater octopus, a cephalopod mollusk. This is the only genus in the family Stauroteuthidae, and only two species have been described in this genus....
- Suborder Incirrina
- Family AmphitretidaeAmphitretusAmphitretus is a genus of pelagic gelatinous octopuses. It is the sole genus of family Amphitretidae and consists of 2 species. Some authorities consider Amphitretus thielei as a subspecies of Amphitretus pelagicus, making this family monotypic.-External links:*...
: telescope octopus - Family BolitaenidaeBolitaenidaeBolitaenidae is a family of small, common pelagic octopuses found in all tropical and temperate oceans of the world. The family's taxonomy is not entirely certain; recent research suggests there should be just two genera, Bolitaena and Japetella, both of which are thought to be monotypic...
: gelatinous octopus - Family OctopodidaeOctopodidaeOctopodidae is the family containing the majority of known octopus species.-Subfamilies and species:*Basal genus Vulcanoctopus*Genus incertae sedis Histoctopus*Subfamily Bathypolypodinae**Genus Bathypolypus**Genus Benthoctopus...
: benthic octopus - Family VitreledonellidaeGlass OctopusVitreledonella richardi, also known as the Glass Octopus, is an incirrate octopus. It is the sole representative of the genus Vitreledonella and of the family Vitreledonellidae....
: Glass Octopus - Superfamily ArgonautoidaArgonautoidaArgonautoida is a superfamily of the suborder Incirrina.-Classification:*CLASS CEPHALOPODA**Subclass Nautiloidea: nautilus**Subclass †Ammonoidea: ammonites**Subclass Coleoidea***Superorder Decapodiformes: squid, cuttlefish***Superorder Octopodiformes...
- Family AlloposidaeSeven-arm OctopusThe Seven-arm Octopus is the largest known species of octopus based on scientific records, with a total estimated length of 4 m and weight of 75 kg...
: Seven-arm Octopus - Family ArgonautidaeArgonautidaeArgonautidae is a family of cephalopods encompassing the modern paper nautiluses of the genus Argonauta along with several extinct genera of shelled octopods....
: argonauts - Family OcythoidaeTuberculate Pelagic OctopusThe Tuberculate Pelagic Octopus , also known as the Football Octopus, is a pelagic species that is found in warm and temperate seas, especially in the northern hemisphere. It is the only known species in the family Ocythoidae.The females are around a metre long when full-grown...
: Tuberculate Pelagic Octopus - Family Tremoctopodidae: blanket octopus
- Family Alloposidae
- Family Amphitretidae
- Genus †Keuppia
- Family †Trachyteuthididae (incertae sedis
- Superorder Decapodiformes