Olacaceae
Encyclopedia
Olacaceae is a family
of flowering plants in the order Santalales
. They are woody plant
s, native throughout the tropical regions of the world.
The 1998 APG system
and the 2003 APG II system
assign it to the order Santalales
in the clade core eudicots. Circumscription of the family Olacaceae varies between different authorities. About 28 genera are accepted in the family, out of which a total of 15 by the Germplasm Resources Information Network
. However, the circumscription of the family are still under investigation and some authors split the family into smaller entities. The formal reconfiguration of this family (as well as the rest of the order Santalales) proposed by Nickrent and co-workers, has not been recognised by the APG III-system of 2009.
Aptandraceae
Ximeniaceae
Coulaceae
Strombosiaceae
Erythropalaceae
Octoknemataceae
Excluded or unplaced genera
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of flowering plants in the order Santalales
Santalales
Santalales is an order of flowering plants with a cosmopolitan distribution, but heavily concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions.Most have seeds without a testa, which is unusual for flowering plants...
. They are woody plant
Woody plant
A woody plant is a plant that uses wood as its structural tissue. These are typically perennial plants whose stems and larger roots are reinforced with wood produced adjacent to the vascular tissues. The main stem, larger branches, and roots of these plants are usually covered by a layer of...
s, native throughout the tropical regions of the world.
The 1998 APG system
APG system
The APG system of plant classification is the first, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in 1998 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was superseded in 2003 by a revision, the APG II system, and then in 2009 by a further...
and the 2003 APG II system
APG II system
The APG II system of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009...
assign it to the order Santalales
Santalales
Santalales is an order of flowering plants with a cosmopolitan distribution, but heavily concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions.Most have seeds without a testa, which is unusual for flowering plants...
in the clade core eudicots. Circumscription of the family Olacaceae varies between different authorities. About 28 genera are accepted in the family, out of which a total of 15 by the Germplasm Resources Information Network
Germplasm Resources Information Network
Germplasm Resources Information Network or GRIN is an online software project of National Genetic Resources Program of USDA to provide germplasm information about plants, animals, microbes and invertebrates.-Sub-Projects:...
. However, the circumscription of the family are still under investigation and some authors split the family into smaller entities. The formal reconfiguration of this family (as well as the rest of the order Santalales) proposed by Nickrent and co-workers, has not been recognised by the APG III-system of 2009.
Genera
Olacaceae sensu stricto- Dulacia - 13 species of South America
- OlaxOlaxOlax is a genus of plant in family Olacaceae. It contains the following species :* Olax austrosinensis* Olax aphylla* Olax dissitiflora* Olax emirnensis* Olax imbricata, Roxb.* Olax lanceolata...
- ca 40 species of the Old World tropics - Ptychopetalum - 2 species of tropical South America and 2 species of western and central Africa
Aptandraceae
- AnacolosaAnacolosaAnacolosa is a plant genus of 15 to 22 species in the family Olacaceae. It contains the following species accepted by The Plant List:* Anacolosa casearioides Cavaco & Keraudren* Anacolosa cauliflora Sleumer* Anacolosa clarkii Pierre...
- 16 species of the Old World tropics - Aptandra - 3 species in tropical America and 1 species in Africa
- Cathedra - 5 species of South America
- Chaunochiton - 3 species of tropical America
- Harmandia - one species in southeastern Asia
- HondurodendronHondurodendronHondurodendron is a monotypic genus of tree endemic to Honduras. The only species in the genus, H. urceolatum, was discovered during 2004 and 2006 botanical surveys of plants in Parque Nacional El Cusuco in northwest Honduras. It was subsequently described in 2010 by Carmen Ulloa Ulloa, Daniel...
- one species in Honduras - Ongokea - one species in Africa
- Phanerodiscus - 3 species of Madagascar
Ximeniaceae
- Curupira - one species in Amazonian Brazil
- Douradoa - one species in Brazil
- MalaniaMalaniaMalania is a genus of plant in family Olacaceae. It contains the following species :* Malania oleifera, Chun & Lee-See also:...
- one species in China - XimeniaXimeniaXimenia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Olacaceae. The generic name honors Francisco Ximénez, a Spanish priest.- Selected species :* Ximenia americana L.* Ximenia caffra Sond.* Ximenia coriacea Engl....
- 10 species of the Old and New World tropics
Coulaceae
- CoulaCoulaCoula is a genus of one to three species of trees native to tropical Africa. Currently placed in the family Olacaceae, recent genetic evidence suggests this family is paraphyletic, and that Coula and related genera should be transferred to a new family Strombosiaceae.Selected species*Coula cabrae...
- one species in tropical western Africa - MinquartiaMinquartiaMinquartia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the Olacaceae family containing the single species Minquartia guianensis...
- one species in tropical America - OchanostachysOchanostachysOchanostachys is a genus of plant in family Olacaceae. It contains the following species :* Ochanostachys amentacea, Mast....
- one species in western Malaysia
Strombosiaceae
- Diogoa - 2 species of tropical Africa
- Engomegoma - one species of tropical Africa
- Scorodocarpus - one species in Malaysia
- Strombosia - 3 species of tropical Asia and 6 species of tropical Africa
- Strombosiopsis - 3 species of tropical Africa
- Tetrastylidium - 2 species of South America
Erythropalaceae
- Erythropalum - one species of Indomalaysia
- HeisteriaHeisteriaHeisteria is a genus of plant in family Olacaceae. It contains the following species :* Heisteria asplundii, Sleumer* Heisteria cyathiformis, Little* Heisteria maguirei, Sleumer...
- ca 33 species of tropical America and 3 species in Africa - Maburea - one species in Guyana
Octoknemataceae
- OctoknemaOctoknemaOctoknema is a genus of plant in family Olacaceae. It contains the following species :* Octoknema orientalis, Mildbr....
- 14 species of tropical Africa
Excluded or unplaced genera
- Brachynema - morphological cladistic analysis places this genus in EricalesEricalesThe Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons, including for example tea, persimmon, blueberry, Brazil nut, and azalea. The order includes trees and bushes, lianas and herbaceous plants. Together with ordinary autophytic plants, the Ericales include chlorophyll-deficient...
, and no genetic study has yet been published - SchoepfiaSchoepfiaSchoepfia is a small genus of flowering plants belonging to the enigmatic family Schoepfiaceae. The genus has long been placed in the Olacaceae family though many researchers noted the differences between it and the rest of the family...
- excluded and combined with Arjona and Quinchamalium (previously Santalaceae) as the family Schoepfiaceae
Sources
- Germplasm Resources Information Network: Olacaceae
- Parasitic Plant Connection: Olacaceae
- Olacaceae in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards), The families of flowering plants
- NCBI Taxonomy Browser
- Genus: Strombosia Blume