Orekhovo-Zuyevo
Encyclopedia
Orekhovo-Zuyevo is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast
, Russia
, located 85 kilometres (52.8 mi) east of Moscow
. It is situated in a forested area on the Klyazma River
(a tributary of the Oka
). The city was established in 1917 when three villages (Orekhovo
, Zuyevo, and Nikolskoye) were merged, hence its name. Population:
The villages Orekhovo and Zuyevo were mentioned in the chronicle a few more times in the Middle Ages.
In 1797, serf peasant Savva Morozov opened his first silk factory in Zuyevo. Later he shifted from silk to wool. In 1823, profits from his business allowed him to get out of serfdom. In 1830, he moved his factories to the other bank of the Klyazma River to the place that was later named Nikolskoye.
At the end of 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, Orekhovo-Zuyevo was the third largest textile city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg.
In 1885, the Morozov's textile factories in Orekhovo-Zuyevo were the place of the first and largest Russian strike. It started on January 7, 1885 and lasted for several weeks. The impact of this strike on the revolutionary movement in Russia was tremendous.
Orekhovo-Zuyevo was granted town status in 1917.
. The first football team in Orekhovo-Zuyevo was organized by British G.G. Charnock, who at that time was the vice-president of the Moscow Football League. Throughout the team's history it played under several different names. In the early years it was known as "Morozovtsy" (named after Morozov family which woned the textile production in the city). During the Soviet era, the team played under name "Znamya Truda". After the collapse of the communist regime the team was purchased by Spartak (Moscow)
and was one of Spartak's farm teams, known as "Spartak-Orekhovo". In 2003 the team changed it name back to "Znamya Truda".
The best performance for "Znamya Truda" was the USSR Cup finals in 1962 when "Znamya Truda" lost to "Shakhtar" (Donetsk)
0:2.
In 2007 football season, "Znamya Truda"
plays in the Central Zone of the Second Division.
was born in Orekhovo-Zuyevo.
Swimming complex "Neptun" is adjacent to the "Znamya Truda" stadium. The swimming pool has 25-meter lanes.
A new sport complex facility "Vostok" was opened in 2007 by Moscow Region governor Gromov
.
with: Madona
, Latvia
Navapolatsk
, Belarus
Ouranopolis
, Greece
Moscow Oblast
Moscow Oblast , or Podmoskovye , is a federal subject of Russia . Its area, at , is relatively small compared to other federal subjects, but it is one of the most densely populated regions in the country and, with the 2010 population of 7,092,941, is the second most populous federal subject...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, located 85 kilometres (52.8 mi) east of Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
. It is situated in a forested area on the Klyazma River
Klyazma River
The Klyazma River is a river in the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo and Vladimir Oblasts in Russia, a left tributary of the Oka River. The length of the river is 686 kilometres. The area of its drainage basin is 42,500 km². The Klyazma River freezes up in November and stays under the ice...
(a tributary of the Oka
Oka River
Oka is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir, and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as to the town of Kaluga. Its length exceeds...
). The city was established in 1917 when three villages (Orekhovo
Orekhovo
Orekhovo is a Moscow Metro station in Orekhovo-Borisovo Severnoye District, Southern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Zamoskvoretskaya Line, between Tsaritsyno and Domodedovskaya stations....
, Zuyevo, and Nikolskoye) were merged, hence its name. Population:
History
The first facts about Orekhovo-Zuyevo date back to 1209. The place was mentioned in Moscow Chronicles as the place called "Volochok" where the battle between Valdimir's prince Yury and Ryazan's prince Izyaslav took place. The name "Volochok" (or as it was later called "Zuyev Volochok") is derived from the slavic word for a place where wooden ships were carried by land from one river to the other. In this place in particular, the ships were usually moved by land between rivers Klyazma and Nerskaya.The villages Orekhovo and Zuyevo were mentioned in the chronicle a few more times in the Middle Ages.
In 1797, serf peasant Savva Morozov opened his first silk factory in Zuyevo. Later he shifted from silk to wool. In 1823, profits from his business allowed him to get out of serfdom. In 1830, he moved his factories to the other bank of the Klyazma River to the place that was later named Nikolskoye.
At the end of 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, Orekhovo-Zuyevo was the third largest textile city in Russia after Moscow and St. Petersburg.
In 1885, the Morozov's textile factories in Orekhovo-Zuyevo were the place of the first and largest Russian strike. It started on January 7, 1885 and lasted for several weeks. The impact of this strike on the revolutionary movement in Russia was tremendous.
Orekhovo-Zuyevo was granted town status in 1917.
Industry
For almost two centuries, Orekhovo-Zuyevo was mostly a textile industry oriented city. It in fact grew up around Savva Morozov's textile production. Cotton production in Orekhovo-Zuyevo made the city the third largest industrial center in Russia at the turn of the 20th century. After the communist revolt of 1917, Morozov's textile mills were nationalized. During the Soviet era they were known as "Orekhovo-Zuyevskiy Khlopchato-Bumazhnyy Kombinat" (Orekhovo-Zuyevo Cotton Center). The textile production existed only until the 1990s, when after the collapse of the Soviet Union Russian textile industry died due to economic difficulties, inability to compete with cheaper and better imported textiles, and poor management. Eventually, almost all production was shut down, and the factory halls were turned into market areas and trading centers.Association football
The city is the home of the oldest association football team in RussiaFC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo
FC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo is an association football club from Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia, founded in 1909. Currently it plays in the Russian Second Division. It played professionally in 1946, 1949, 1958–1970, 1975–2003, and from 2007 on. It reached the second highest level in 1949, 1958–1962,...
. The first football team in Orekhovo-Zuyevo was organized by British G.G. Charnock, who at that time was the vice-president of the Moscow Football League. Throughout the team's history it played under several different names. In the early years it was known as "Morozovtsy" (named after Morozov family which woned the textile production in the city). During the Soviet era, the team played under name "Znamya Truda". After the collapse of the communist regime the team was purchased by Spartak (Moscow)
FC Spartak Moscow
FC Spartak Moscow is a Russian football club from Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships and 9 of 19 Russian championships they are one of the country's most successful clubs. They have also won the Soviet Cup 10 times and the Russian Cup 3 times...
and was one of Spartak's farm teams, known as "Spartak-Orekhovo". In 2003 the team changed it name back to "Znamya Truda".
The best performance for "Znamya Truda" was the USSR Cup finals in 1962 when "Znamya Truda" lost to "Shakhtar" (Donetsk)
FC Shakhtar Donetsk
FC Shakhtar Donetsk is a Ukrainian professional football club from the city of Donetsk. Shakhtar has appeared in several European competitions and currently is often a participant of the UEFA Champions League. The club became the first Ukrainian club to win the UEFA Cup in 2009, the last year...
0:2.
In 2007 football season, "Znamya Truda"
FC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo
FC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo is an association football club from Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia, founded in 1909. Currently it plays in the Russian Second Division. It played professionally in 1946, 1949, 1958–1970, 1975–2003, and from 2007 on. It reached the second highest level in 1949, 1958–1962,...
plays in the Central Zone of the Second Division.
Gymnastics
Olympic medalist and Junior European champion Anna PavlovaAnna Pavlova (gymnast)
Anna Anatolyevna Pavlova , is a Russian artistic gymnast training at MGFSO Dynamo in Moscow who was a double bronze medalist at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece. She is well known for her beautiful balletic style and clean technique. She is trained by her mother Nataliya Evgenevna Pavlova...
was born in Orekhovo-Zuyevo.
Badminton
Orekhovo-Zuyevo is famous for its badminton school. The city usually hosts All-Russian badminton championships.Sports facilities
There are three athletic/football stadiums in the city: "Znamya Truda", "Torpedo", and "Khimik".Swimming complex "Neptun" is adjacent to the "Znamya Truda" stadium. The swimming pool has 25-meter lanes.
A new sport complex facility "Vostok" was opened in 2007 by Moscow Region governor Gromov
Boris Gromov
Boris Vsevolodovich Gromov is a prominent Russian military and political figure. Since 2000, he has been the Governor of Moscow Oblast.-Biography:...
.
Twin towns/sister cities
Orekhovo-Zuyevo is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Madona
Madona
When it comes to age distribution of the Madona inhabitants, the majority group consisting of 5,925 people are registered as "labour-capable" ; 1,339 are under the age of "labour-capability" and 1867 are over...
, Latvia
Latvia
Latvia , officially the Republic of Latvia , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia , to the south by Lithuania , to the east by the Russian Federation , to the southeast by Belarus and shares maritime borders to the west with Sweden...
Navapolatsk
Navapolatsk
Navapolatsk is a city in Vitsebsk Province, Belarus, with a population of 107,458. Founded in 1958, it is located close to the city of Polatsk and the name literally means "New Polatsk".- History :...
, Belarus
Belarus
Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
Ouranopolis
Ouranopolis
Ouranoupoli is an ancient city and a modern village in Chalcidice. It was founded by Cassander and his brother Alexarchus in the late 4th century BC. The village is today called Ouranoupoli.-Location:...
, Greece
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
Famous people associated with Orekhovo-Zuyevo
- Ivan BabushkinIvan BabushkinIvan Babushkin was a Russian professional Bolshevik revolutionary. He was born in the selo of Ledengskoye of the Vologda Governorate, currently in Babushkinsky District of Vologda Oblast....
— communist revolution activist, bolshevik lived in Orekhovo-Zuyevo - Vladimir Bondarenko — Hero of Soviet Union, partisan
- Mikhail Biryukov - footballer
- Yakov FlierYakov FlierYakov Vladimirovich Flier was a Russian concert pianist and teacher.Flier was born in Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Russia. He studied piano at the Moscow Conservatory with Konstantin Igumnov. By the 1930s he had become one of the most prominent Russian concert pianists...
- pianist - Venedikt Erofeyev - Russian writer
- Yury KovalyovYury KovalyovYury Fyodorovich Kovalyov was a Soviet Russian footballer.-International career:Kovalyov played his only game for USSR on November 24, 1957 in a 1958 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Poland. He was not selected for the final tournament squad...
- footballer - Leonid KrasinLeonid KrasinLeonid Borisovich Krasin July 1870, Kurgan – November 24, 1926) was a Russian and Soviet Bolshevik politician and diplomat.-Early years:Krasin was born in Kurgan, near Tobol'sk in Siberia. His father, Boris Ivanovich Krasin was the local chief of police...
— soviet activist - Yuri KurneninYuri KurneninYuri Anatolyevich Kurnenin was a Belarusian professional football coach and a former player. As a player, he made his professional debut in the Soviet Top League in 1973 for FC Dynamo Moscow.-Honours:* Soviet Top League champion: 1982....
- football manager - Savva MorozovSavva Timofeyevich MorozovSavva Timofeyevich Morozov was a Russian businessman and philanthropist.Savva Morozov came from an Old Believer merchant family. He studied physics and mathematics at Moscow University , in 1885 - 1887 studied chemistry at the University of Cambridge , at the same time familiarising himself with...
— Russian textile producer - Anna PavlovaAnna Pavlova (gymnast)Anna Anatolyevna Pavlova , is a Russian artistic gymnast training at MGFSO Dynamo in Moscow who was a double bronze medalist at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece. She is well known for her beautiful balletic style and clean technique. She is trained by her mother Nataliya Evgenevna Pavlova...
- Russian gymnast, Olympic medalist - Alexey Pichugin - YUKOS manager
- Viktor SukhorukovViktor SukhorukovViktor Ivanovich Sukhorukov is a Russian actor. He has appeared in over 50 films and television shows since 1974. He starred in Happy Days, which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival.-Selected filmography:...
- Russian Actor - Korniliy (Titov)Korniliy (Titov)Metropolitan Korniliy , secular name Konstantin Ivanovich Titov ; born August 1, 1947, in Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Moscow Oblast, Soviet Union is a Russian Orthodox Old-Rite Church bishop; Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus, Primate of the Russian Orthodox Old-Rite Church .-External links:* Official web...
- Metropolitan bishop of the Old Rite Orthodox Church - Valentin YaninValentin YaninValentin Lavrentievich Yanin is a leading Russian historian who has authored 700 books and articles. He has also edited a number of important journals and primary sources, including works on medieval Russian law, sphragistics and epigraphy, archaeology and history...
- historian