Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority)

The Organization of Iranian People's Fadaian (Majority) or Fedayan-e Khalq (often mistakenly called Fedayeen-e Khalq) ( Sāzmān-e fedaiyān-e khalq-e Irān (aksariat), 'Organization of self-sacrificers

Fedayeen

Fedayeen is a term used to describe several distinct militant groups and individuals in West Asia at different times in history. It is sometimes used colloquially to refer to suicide squads, especially those who are not bombers.-Overview:...

of the people of Iran (majority)') is the largest socialist party in Iran

Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

and advocates the overthrow of the Islamic regime in Iran

History of the Islamic Republic of Iran

One of the most dramatic changes in government in Iran's history was seen with the 1979 Iranian Revolution where Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown and replaced by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini...

. Its history can be traced back to 1904 with the formation of the social democratic Hemmat group. Its secretary-general is Behrouz Khaliq and Hassan Zahtab is its foreign relations coordinator. The group is banned from open activity inside the Islamic Republic, and works clandestinely inside Iran, but has many open bases all over Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

(especially Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

) and North America

North America

North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

The 19th century

With the growth of industry

Industrialisation

Industrialization is the process of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial one...

, and along with it the development of the capitalist mode of production

Capitalist mode of production

In Marx's critique of political economy, the capitalist mode of production is the production system of capitalist societies, which began in Europe in the 16th century, grew rapidly in Western Europe from the end of the 18th century, and later extended to most of the world...

in the late 19th and early 20th century, socialist ideology found its way to Iran. The social and political scene of that era can be summarised as the period of historical transformation of the Iranian society from feudalism

Feudalism

Feudalism was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries, which, broadly defined, was a system for ordering society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour.Although derived from the...

to capitalism

Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system that became dominant in the Western world following the demise of feudalism. There is no consensus on the precise definition nor on how the term should be used as a historical category...

.

Underground political organisations were formed in major cities of Iran, to mobilise and lead the masses particularly in Tabriz

Tabriz

Tabriz is the fourth largest city and one of the historical capitals of Iran and the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 meters at the junction of the Quri River and Aji River, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s, one of its former...

, Tehran

Tehran

Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

and Esfahan. Among them was a political grouping formed in 1898 by Ali Monsieur, an outstanding intellectual from Tabriz. Social democracy was first brought to the country by those Iranian workers who travelled to the Caucasus

Caucasus

The Caucasus, also Caucas or Caucasia , is a geopolitical region at the border of Europe and Asia, and situated between the Black and the Caspian sea...

(Ghafghaz), and Russia

Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...

's Asian countries, for seasonal work, especially in the Baku

Baku

Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...

oil industry (more than half the workers in the Baku oil fields were Iranian). It was from these workers that Iranian revolutionaries like Heidar Amou Oghly

Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli

Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli or Haidar Khan Amu Ogly Tariverdiev - a revolutionary activist who acted in Iran, Republic of Azerbaijan and Central Asia and used terror to radicalize Persian politics in the early 20th century.-Early years:He was born in Salmas or Urmiainto the Tariverdiev family and...

(one of the leaders of the Constitutional Revolution) were raised.

Formation of the Hemmat group in 1904

In 1904, in order to organise revolutionary social democratic activities among the people of Azarbaijan and other Iranians, a political group called "Hemmat" (Aspiration) was founded in Baku. The "Hemmat" group for the first time translated the term "Social Democracy" into Persian, in order to make it more understandable for Iranian people who had no knowledge of European languages.

Creation of the Edalat Party in 1917

Having returned from Russia, in 1904, Heidar Amou Oghly, together with some of his comrades, organised the first cells of the revolutionary Social Democrats of Iran in Mashhad
Mashhad
Mashhad , is the second largest city in Iran and one of the holiest cities in the Shia Muslim world. It is also the only major Iranian city with an Arabic name. It is located east of Tehran, at the center of the Razavi Khorasan Province close to the borders of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its...

. A year later, on the eve of the Constitutional Revolution, the first official document of the social democratic movement in Iran was adopted at a meeting in Mashhad. Following the victory of the Russian Revolution

February Revolution

The February Revolution of 1917 was the first of two revolutions in Russia in 1917. Centered around the then capital Petrograd in March . Its immediate result was the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II, the end of the Romanov dynasty, and the end of the Russian Empire...

in February 1917 and the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, Iranian revolutionaries who had immigrated to Russia found the opportunity to organise openly, increase their activities and establish their offices. In May 1917, the Iranian Social Democrat Party Edalat (Justice), was founded officially.

Transformation of the Edalat Party into the Communist Party of Iran

In Gilan (northern Iran), social democrats, together with revolutionary intellectuals and peasants staged a united uprising. Against this background, in June 1920, the first congress of the Edalat Party was convened in Bandar-e Anzali

Bandar-e Anzali

Bandar-e Anzali , also Romanized as Bandar-e Pahlavī, Bandar Pahlavi, and Bandar Pahlevi, or simply as Pahlavī, Pahlevī, and Pehlevi; earlier, Enceli and Enzeli) is a city in and the capital of Bandar-e Anzali County, Gilan Province, Iran...

(a northern Iranian port) and officially founded the Communist Party of Iran

Communist Party of Iran (1920)

The Communist Party of Iran was an Iranian communist party founded in June 1920 in Bandar-e Anzali .Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli, one of the leaders of the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, was elected as its general secretary...

. Heidar Amou Oghly was elected as the leader of the Communist Party of Iran.

Activities of the Communist Party of Iran

The Communist Party of Iran helped to found the Union of the Oil Workers in 1925, when Reza Shah

Reza Shah

Rezā Shāh, also known as Rezā Shāh Pahlavi and Rezā Shāh Kabir , , was the Shah of the Imperial State of Iran from December 15, 1925, until he was forced to abdicate by the Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran on September 16, 1941.In 1925, Reza Shah overthrew Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last Shah of the Qajar...

took power and two years later, under increasing pressure from the police, was forced to take the trade union underground. Women's and youth organisations were established as a result of the activities of Iranian communists. In 1923 "Peyk-e Saadat-e Nesvan" (messenger of Women's prosperity) was formed and in 1926 the women's group "Bidariye Ma" (Our Awakening) was established. With the intention of ending the growth of these movements in the country, Reza Shah stepped up the suppression and in 1929 passed a bill through the Iranian parliament, banning all communist activity in Iran.

Death of the Communist Party and formation of the Tudeh Party

Taking advantage of the vacuum created after the events of the First World War, the Tudeh Party of Iran

Tudeh Party of Iran

The Tudeh Party of Iran is an Iranian communist party. Formed in 1941, with Soleiman Mohsen Eskandari as its head, it had considerable influence in its early years and played an important role during Mohammad Mosaddeq's campaign to nationalize the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and his term as prime...

was formed in September 1941 to continue the work of the banned Communist Party of Iran under conditions of open activity. Following the collapse of Reza Shah's regime, with the new conditions prevailing, a large group of political prisoners were released. On 29 September 1941, the founding conference of the TPI was held in Tehran under the chairmanship of Soleiman Mohsen Eskandari.

In 1944, having assessed its strength, the Party decided to enter the elections to the 14th parliament. Eight of the Party's candidates were elected to the Parliament and formed the Tudeh faction.

At this time the Party's total official membership was 25,000. It was therefore the Party's priority to convene a congress in order to reorganise its structure. The Party's first congress was opened on 1 August 1945 in the Party's Central Club with the participation of 164 delegates.

But, in February 1949, the Tudeh was blamed for an abortive attempt on the Shah's life, and its leaders fled abroad or were arrested. The party was again banned.

The fifties and sixties

From the late 50’s and early 60’s, a new generation who were pro independence, freedom and
sovereignty of the people, and advocated progress, social justice, and socialism in the country entered the political arena and the critique of the political failure of the Tudeh Party within the last two decades and search for new solutions became the agenda for fresh opposition. This process coincided with ever-increasing student opposition in the Europe and changes in Latin America. Members of the Tudeh Party who were against the party's close relationship with the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

slowly distanced themselves from their Party. Since that movement was lacking leadership and there was not a reliable party or organization in the political arena, the struggles of intellectual circles focused on filling that political vacuum. Due to this fact, the idea of armed struggle against the Shah’s dictatorship was recognized as the only path to freedom among revolutionary left groups and circles.

From establishment to the February 1979 Revolution

The first organized steps and practical measures in the revolutionary left armed movement were taken by Bijan Jazani

Bijan Jazani

Bijan Jazani , Tehran, 1938 – April 19, 1975) is a major figure among modern Iranian Socialist intellectuals.-Personal and Political Life:Bijan Jazani was born to Hossien Jazani and Alamtaj Kalantari Nazari...

and his comrades in early 1960s. By attacking a Gendarmerie

Gendarmerie

A gendarmerie or gendarmery is a military force charged with police duties among civilian populations. Members of such a force are typically called "gendarmes". The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary describes a gendarme as "a soldier who is employed on police duties" and a "gendarmery, -erie" as...

post in northern Iran Jangles on February 8, 1971, the aggregated struggles of revolutionary left groups with tendency towards armed struggle led to action and shortly after, the Organization of the Iranian People s Fadaian Guerrillas was formed by two main groups of the armed movement (remainders of Jazani-Zarify group and Pouyan, Ahmadzade-Meftahi).
During an eight year period, form 1971 to 1979, the Fadaian came under intensive attacks and their victims exceeded those of any other opposition organization. Within these years over three hundred People’s Fadaian were murdered by the Shah’s regime. During this period, in the course of four
deadly strikes, the majority of the Organization leaders were arrested or murdered. Nevertheless, the
Organization survived.
One of the deadliest strikes happened on April 19, 1975, where Bijan Jazani and six of his comrades
were murdered secretively in a regime prison. This event happened after being in the prisons of the Shah for eight years without any second trial. The Fadaian played an effective and active role in the February 1979 revolution

Iranian Revolution

The Iranian Revolution refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the...

whose leadership fell under control of Ayatollah Khomeini.

From the Revolution to the Repression Period

Following the revolution, the Organization's public offices were established in most Iranian cities. Later those centers developed into gathering places for the secular and socialist Iranian youth. In the first election after the revolution, Fedaian received 10% of the votes and became the only alternative to the islamists around Khomeyni.
During this period, the Fadaian as a left opposition of the theocratic regime participated in the leadership of worker, peasant, and national movements and the protest movement in the newly established regime.
In the meantime, internal discussions on the issues of revolution and the regime’s nature were under way amongst Fedaian which resulted in several splinterings in the Organization. The means and methods of struggle and policies towards the new government were the most contentious issues. The majority of the organization's members did not believe in armed struggle anymore and in the new political atmosphere recognized the Islamic Republic as an anti-imperialist state. That majority chose to make peace with Khomeyni as the Iranian people were at that time devout followers of their religious leaders, a decision the Organization regretted some years later.
These differences caused the separation of the Minority of the Organization from the Majority.

On May 1, 1981, hundreds of thousands of the Fedaian supporters gathered in Azadi (Freedom) Square
in Tehran. At that day, the leadership announced the Organization's new policies. Among others, it
was announced that the Organization was no longer a guerrilla movement but was a political
organization of the Iranian working class. Since then, the Organization was formally called the
Organisation of Iranian People's Fadaian - Majority (OIPFM) and chose the “unity-critique” policy towards the Islamic Republic.

Up to early 1980s, while the Islamic regime of Khomeyni was not yet well established, the Organization was conducting semi-public activities. KAR, the official newspaper of the Organization, had a circulation of 100,000 to 300,000. In the course of four years of hard work to build the skeleton of the Organization, the number of members reached twenty thousands, of which women were one third, workers one fifth, and students three fifths.
The average age within the OIPFM was less than 24 years among the general membership and 32 years at the leadership level. The most significant achievement of the Fadaian was organising and mobilising a large group of youth and establishing a major secular political party in an intensely religious society.

Years of Repression

Despite OIPFM’s policies of trying not to position itself in direct conflict with the government, it was clear that the ruling fundamentalists could not tolerate the Organization's “unity-critique” policy, the Fedaian’s activities, and their existence. During the period of 1981-83, OIPFM was principally supportive of the Islamic government's policies in various aspects, including the conflict with Iraq

Iran-Iraq War

The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between the armed forces of Iraq and Iran, lasting from September 1980 to August 1988, making it the longest conventional war of the twentieth century...

, anti-American positions, and certain aspects of their economic reforms; however it was not legally permitted to pursue its activities. In those years, several death sentences were given to Fadaian and hundreds of their activists were imprisoned.
The overwhelming prosecution and oppression of OIPFM began from the spring of 1983; at the time the regime completed its intelligence structures and policing networks. But the Islamic Regime did not succeed in destroying a large portion of the Organization's leadership and the leadership was able to exile itself abroad in time. But several thousands of Fedaian were arrested, hundreds, including eight members of the leadership, were executed, and thousands were forced to flee the country.

In May 1985, together with the Tudeh Party, the Organisation of the Iranian Peoples' Fadaian (Majority) published a joint statement calling for the overthrow of the Islamic Republic.

Before his death, Ayatollah Khomeini ordered mass killings of political prisoners in 1988. In the summer of 1988, a committee of Islamic Republic representatives visited the Iranian prisons and tried and sentenced to death thousands of political prisoners. The real number of executed prisoners is still unknown, but Reza Malek who worked as a former deputy at the Research Division of the Islamic Republic Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) made a confession in 2008 that during the 1988 political prisoner executions by the mullahs’ regime, 33,700 people were executed and buried in mass graves. http://ncr-iran.org/content/view/5713/1/. Among those executed were hundreds of Fadaian, most of them were murdered in captivity without trial.

Some others committed suicide like Soheila Darvishkohan
Soheila Darvishkohan
Soheila Darvishkohan was a Socialist Iranian woman.As a sympathizer of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian , she was arrested by the Islamic Republic and spent several years in jail.-External links:* * *...

as she was sentenced to be flogged each time she refused to attend daily islamic prayers. http://asre-nou.net/1385/mehr/12/koshtar/m-moghadamehEN.html

This crime was called “The National Tragedy” by the Organization and all opposition parties (including Islamists, Communists, Liberals and Nationalists). To see some of the names of the assassinated Fadaian go to http://members.chello.at/fadai_org/pdf/Yaran181.pdf.

During 1988-1990 OIPF(M) passed through a period of introspection and critical review of previous positions and evolved from Communism

Communism

Communism is a social, political and economic ideology that aims at the establishment of a classless, moneyless, revolutionary and stateless socialist society structured upon common ownership of the means of production...

to Democratic Socialism

Democratic socialism

Democratic socialism is a description used by various socialist movements and organizations to emphasize the democratic character of their political orientation...

. In the summer of 1988, the right of all members to publicly express or publish their independent and personal views, as a major step towards the restructuring of the OIPFM, was granted and the way for getting out of the crisis and preparation of the First Congress was paved.

The Nineties

In August 1990, the First Congress of the OIPFM took place outside the country. The congress mainly
focused on re-examining the Organization’s past policies, political situation, and internal relations. Being critical of current leadership’s past positions, the Congress transferred the leadership to a new group and decided to summon the Second Congress within a one-year period. The outcomes of the Congress secured the unity of the OIPFM with recognition of the differences in views among the Organization activists.
The 1990s brought about profound changes in the Organization's views and policies. In this decade,
the Organization declared democracy as its urgent and fundamental goal and emphasized on relation
between democracy and social justice. Diversity in views and political differences were officially
recognized and supported. The first congress rejected the policies which guided the OIPFM to overwhelmingly support the Islamic Republic and concluded that those policies damaged the morale of the independent left in the Organization and were harmful to OIPFM and the whole Iranian democratic and progressive movement. The Congress emphasized socialism as its ultimate goal.
It decided to hold future Congresses every other year.

Since then, the Organization's congresses have been summoned every other year.

The Twenty first century

The discussion of unity was at the core of discussions during the tenth Congress, which was held in February 2007. The tenth Congress emphasized the close relationship amongst republican, democratic, and secular forces and their widespread unity towards building an alternative to the Islamic republic.

On October 23, 2007, the OIPFM held an official meeting with European representatives in the European Parliament
European Parliament
The European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world...

http://www.kar-online.com/gozaresh/gozaresh-didar-eu-1.html and then, both in October 2009 and in July 2010, it held a joint meeting with four other Iranian parties with a European delegation in Brussels http://www.etehadefedaian.org/?page=article&nid=4588, http://www.tudehpartyiran.org/detail.asp?id=1134, http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=13652.

In 2010, it was decided to unite with two other Iranian Left Parties called the Union of People's Fedaian of Iran

Union of People's Fedaian of Iran

The Union of People's Fedaian of Iran is a communist organization that publishes a monthly magazine called Iran Today.The organization was established in April 1994, following the Convention of Unity Congress...

and the Provisional Council of Iranian Left Socialists so as to form one of the biggest Left Party of the Middle East and follow the same path as the Left German Party Die Linke with whom the OIPFM is very close. http://www.etehadefedaian.org/?page=article&nid=7047, http://www.kar-online.com/film/beh_far.wmv

The OIPFM has cordial ties with many foreign parties such as the Communist Party of Spain

Communist Party of Spain

The Communist Party of Spain is the third largest national political party in Spain. It is the largest member organization of the United Left electoral coalition and has influence in the largest trade union in Spain, Workers' Commissions ....

and the United Left of Spain

United Left (Spain)

The United Left is a political coalition that was organized in 1986 bringing together several political organisations opposed to Spain joining NATO. It was formed by a number of groups of leftists, greens, left-wing socialists and republicans, but was dominated by the Communist Party of Spain...

http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=14137 http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4027, the Communist Party of Iraqi Kurdistan http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4047, the French Communist Party

French Communist Party

The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism.Although its electoral support has declined in recent decades, the PCF retains a large membership, behind only that of the Union for a Popular Movement , and considerable influence in French...

http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4043, the Left Party of Sweden http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4039, the Party of the Communists of Italy http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4035, the United Party of Afghanistan http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4031 and the Communist Party of South Africa http://www.kar-online.com/wp/?p=4019.

The urgent task of the OIPFM is to overthrow the Regime of the Mullahs and replace it with a secular Republic.

Views and Goals of the OIPFM

1- OIPFM advocates democracy, progress, social justice, and socialism. Nationally and
globally, peace is the main human beings’ demand which ensures success in achieving the
above goals. The Party believes that advocating independency of the country and national interests
and advocating equal and brotherly relations between all nations go hand in hand. The
organization advocates human rights, thus, fights against any national, class, gender, racial,
and ideological discrimination. In today’s world, preserving environment is one of
humanity’s main goals. This goal is one of the main pillars of their political plan.

2- The Party believes that class struggle is a reality. In the current struggle between labor and capital in
the global capitalism system, it belongs to labor camp. The Iranian society consists of various
classes. Class gap is in such a way that a group who owns the capitals is privileged to have
unlimited welfare and in contrast, workers and toilers are deprived of ordinary human life.
The organization recognizes class society and these cruel discriminations against human
dignity and fights for their abolition. Based on these believes, the Party build its program on
defending the interests of workers, rural toilers, intellectuals, and all wage workers and blueand
white-color workers of the contemporary society.

3- Whereas women, youths, and national and religious minorities, in attaining their needs
confront difficulties more often or are target of dual cruelty and discrimination, OIFPM bases
another pillar of our socio-political program on defending the special interests of these social
groups.

4- Freedom and human rights are prime goals of the organization’s political agendum. All
people must be totally free in adopting, expressing, writing, and defending their views and
believes – including political, philosophical, religious, scientific, etc. The Party advocate separation
of religion and state and consider any ideological hegemony and any kind of dictatorship
contrary to the people’s interests.

5- The Party believes that sovereignty and power arise from the people’s will. It believes in people-based system based on people’s vote and free election in
appointing state officials, in limited duration, periodic and peaceful transformation of power,
and in partisan and multi-party system.

6- The Party believes in integration of political, economic, and social democracies. It believes that
more power distribution in the society and participation and direct and voluntary involvement
of people in political, economic, and social aspects of life, control of the government by
improvement of civic society and political, vocational, and democratic institutions and social
movements of women, youths, environment and peace are necessary for growth of
comprehensive democracy.

7- The Party believes that democracy and social justice go hand in hand. Securing social justice is the
backbone of democracy and peaceful relations in the society and in the absence of democracy
and people’s democratic rights accomplishment of social justice would not be possible.

For Development and Modernity

8- The country’s recent one hundred-year history has been witnessing the battle between
tradition and modernity and struggle to overcome underdevelopment of the society. Despite
achieving some kind of successes, the chronic problem of underdevelopment and
traditionalism still exists. Underdevelopment and traditionalism are the pretexts of political
dictatorship and people’s misery. Whilst OIPFM appreciates those traditions which positively
affect development of the society, it believes that struggle for democracy and social justice
goes hand in hand with the struggle for cultural, social, and economic revival.

For Preservation of Environment

9- Environmental crisis is one of the most critical issues nationally and globally. Due to
explosive growth of the population, uncontrolled growth of the cities and industries, and
plundering use of natural resources by the capitalism production, living conditions in our
planet are at serious stake. In our country also because of explosive growth of the population
and the Islamic Republic destructive policies, the issue of the environment has become a
serious concern. Because of individual and self interests, free market economy is not able to
resolve the issue of environment. Destruction of environment must be stopped, the whole
system of production and consumption must be redefined, and new technology in harmony
with the nature must be adopted. Transfer of activities and products which are harmful to the
environment to the developing countries and exploitation of the environment must be stopped.

Women

10- In view of the fact that the Islamic Republic is advocating and intensifying the culture of male
domination, women are under intense discrimination and considered as second-class citizens.
The foundation of male domination is essentially laid on the discrimination against women
and violation of their human rights and secures men’s superiority over them. In the Party's opinion
all discriminatory laws and rules against women must be abolished and all men dominated
structures in various aspects of social life must be restructured and women must be able to
achieve equality with respect to their rights, status, and esteems. Securing women’s equality
is one of the democracy and civil society pillars and one of the main elements of human
rights. Securing democracy without securing women’s rights does not mean a single thing.
To secure their equality in social and human rights, women need to have their independent
institution.

National Minorities

11- Iran is a country with various national minorities. The Party believes in equality and free and
voluntary coexistence of the national minorities in one country. It believes in a wide range
of political, cultural, and social authorities for different regions of the country, especially
regions which are the habitats of national minorities. It believes that non-centralized
governing systems such as federalism secure national minority rights. It fights against any
minority, national, and race superiority and fight for securing national minority rights.

Movements

12- The Party supports establishment and expansion of progressive movements in all
aspects of social life. It believes that ever-increasing growth of feminism, environmentalism,
youth, and other social movements are serving the culture of democracy and strengthening of
human right principles in the world.

National Interests and International Relations

13- In the context of equal and brotherly relations with the rest of the world, the Party
advocates its country’s national interests and independence. North-South current relations
are unjust, plundering, and hegemonic. These relations have kept the status quo in the
undeveloped countries of the South, secured the existence of dictatorship regimes, and
increased poverty. The Party believes in restructuring these relations and
establishment of a genuine new order based on equal rights for all countries.

International Solidarity

14- OIPFM advocates international solidarity in defending peace, environment, fighting against unjust
present international economic system and hegemony of the developed capitalist countries
and collectively struggling for securing democracy and social justice. It supports pro
freedom and pro justice struggles of the people of other countries.

Socialism

15- OIPFM fights for securing the above-mentioned values and view socialism as its ultimate
aspiration which manifests those values and human intentions. It believes that capitalism
system is the root of class oppression, injustice, plundering misuse of the environment, war
and mass unemployment and also the root of many social disharmonies. In the beginning of
the 21st century, capitalism is showing its debility in facing human difficulties which
its own has created many of them. The Party believes that socialism, wherein human is the centre of
attention is the only alternative which can tackle human’s issues.

16- Socialism is a human and democratic system wherein human’s free and comprehensive
growth is secured and human beings have equal right and value in enjoying life’s gifts. Socialism is an integrated, peaceful, and non-violent society founded on self
determination system, extensive political and economic democracy with people’s maximum
participation. In terms of history, socialism is not an ultimate; on the contrary, it
is a struggle to reach beyond capitalism relations.

17- The Party believes that socialism values develop within the capitalist society and socialism will
expand on those values. It believes that fight toward achieving these values is human’s
present responsibility and should not be postponed to tomorrow. Furthermore to political
struggle, achieving socialism values requires continuous and long term mental-cultural work.
OIPFM struggles for expansion and institutionalization of democratic and pro-justice thoughts,
equal rights between women and men, and establishment of a modest relation between human
and nature.

18- Political power, by itself is not able to fundamentally metamorphose the society. For
fundamental and stable metamorphosis, scientific knowledge and culture play important roles.
Existence of mental-cultural movement, fighting against non-progressive and non-scientific
traditionalism, and promoting modernism and scientific thoughts are the definitive necessities
in building a socialist society.

Nature of the Organization

19- The Party believes in pluralism in its organization and emphasizes on adopting new ideas and
metamorphosis of the organization. It recognizes the right for various spectrums of thoughts
based on views and general goals and freedom of expression of the members inside and
outside of the organization. It also believes in diversity of views and united action in the
organization. It tries to unify the organization forces on these general goals and views.
Rather than banishing and separation, it emphasizes on coexistence of diverse thoughts and
political spectra in various forms and shapes, including legitimate factions.

Associated parties

Die Linke is the closest foreign party with the OIPFM.
But the OIPFM works closely with many Iranian Parties such as the Union of People's Fedaian of Iran

Union of People's Fedaian of Iran

, Tudeh Party of Iran

Tudeh Party of Iran

, Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran

Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran

The Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan , abbreviated as PDKI, KDPI, PDK-I, is a Kurdish political party in Iranian Kurdistan which seeks the attainment of Kurdish national rights within a democratic federal republic of Iran....

, Provisional Council of Iranian Left Socialists, The Democratic and Secular Republicans of Iran, The United Republicans of Iran and The Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan.

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The 19th century

Formation of the Hemmat group in 1904

Creation of the Edalat Party in 1917

Transformation of the Edalat Party into the Communist Party of Iran

Activities of the Communist Party of Iran

Death of the Communist Party and formation of the Tudeh Party

The fifties and sixties

From establishment to the February 1979 Revolution

From the Revolution to the Repression Period

Years of Repression

The Nineties

The Twenty first century

Views and Goals of the OIPFM

For Development and Modernity

For Preservation of Environment

Women

National Minorities

Movements

National Interests and International Relations

International Solidarity

Socialism

Nature of the Organization

Associated parties

See also

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