Ormont-Dessous
Encyclopedia
Ormont-Dessous is a municipality
of the canton
of Vaud
in Switzerland
, located in the district of Aigle
.
name Ormund is no longer used.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.7%. Out of the forested land, 37.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 0.0% is used for growing crops and 10.6% is pastures and 28.3% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 1.8% is in lakes and 0.2% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 7.2% is unproductive vegetation and 3.2% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Aigle district, in the middle of the Grande-Eau valley. It consists of the villages of Ormont, Dessous, Le Sépey and La Forclaz as well as scattered settlements at Cergnat, Matélon, La Comballaz and Les Voëttes.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Gules, from three Hills Or rising a Tower Argent masoned and windowed Sable between four, two and two, Mullets of Five Argent. This coat of arms might be an example of canting
with Ormont-Dessous being read as Or-Mont-Dessous or Gold(en)-Mount-Below.
Most of the population speaks French
(1,000 or 93.0%), with German
being second most common (33 or 3.1%) and Portuguese
being third (16 or 1.5%). There are 8 people who speak Italian
.
Of the population in the municipality 368 or about 34.2% were born in Ormont-Dessous and lived there in 2000. There were 321 or 29.9% who were born in the same canton, while 150 or 14.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 127 or 11.8% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 10 live births to Swiss citizens and were 20 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 10 while the foreign population remained the same. There were 3 Swiss men who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 18 and the non-Swiss population decreased by 16 people. This represents a population growth rate of -3.3%.
The age distribution, , in Ormont-Dessous is; 91 children or 9.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 122 teenagers or 12.2% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 81 people or 8.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 139 people or 13.8% are between 30 and 39, 139 people or 13.8% are between 40 and 49, and 153 people or 15.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 135 people or 13.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 70 people or 7.0% are between 70 and 79,there are 58 people or 5.8% who are 80 and 89, and there are 16 people or 1.6% who are 90 and older.
, there were 337 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 556 married individuals, 93 widows or widowers and 89 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.47 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.61 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 69.6% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 500 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2. persons per household. There were 210 households that consist of only one person and 22 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 531 households that answered this question, 39.5% were households made up of just one person and there were 8 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 146 married couples without children, 103 married couples with children There were 23 single parents with a child or children. There were 10 households that were made up of unrelated people and 31 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 701 single family homes (or 66.5% of the total) out of a total of 1,054 inhabited buildings. There were 116 multi-family buildings (11.0%), along with 187 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (17.7%) and 50 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.7%). Of the single family homes 419 were built before 1919, while 21 were built between 1990 and 2000. The most multi-family homes (50) were built before 1919 and the next most (23) were built between 1961 and 1970. There were 2 multi-family houses built between 1996 and 2000.
there were 1,444 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 359. There were 114 single room apartments and 435 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 483 apartments (33.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 842 apartments (58.3%) were seasonally occupied and 119 apartments (8.2%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
. The entire village of La Forclaz is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
.
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 35.26% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
(19.63%), the SP
(13.52%) and the Green Party
(9.71%). In the federal election, a total of 263 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 33.6%.
the total number of full-time equivalent
jobs was 239. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 60, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 8 or (17.4%) were in manufacturing and 37 (80.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 133. In the tertiary sector; 22 or 16.5% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 10 or 7.5% were in the movement and storage of goods, 40 or 30.1% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 27 or 20.3% were in education and 18 or 13.5% were in health care.
, there were 47 workers who commuted into the municipality and 233 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 5.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 8.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 61.3% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population,, and there were 11 individuals (or about 1.02% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 3 (or about 0.28% of the population) who were Islam
ic. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist
. 103 (or about 9.58% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 114 individuals (or about 10.60% of the population) did not answer the question.
). Of the 85 who completed tertiary schooling, 67.1% were Swiss men, 28.2% were Swiss women.
In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 115 students in the Ormont-Dessous school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 205 children of which 96 children (46.8%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 54 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 57 students in those schools. There were also 4 students who were home schooled or attended another non-traditional school.
, there were 80 students in Ormont-Dessous who came from another municipality, while 46 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
of the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Vaud
Vaud
Vaud is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and is located in Romandy, the French-speaking southwestern part of the country. The capital is Lausanne. The name of the Canton in Switzerland's other languages are Vaud in Italian , Waadt in German , and Vad in Romansh.-History:Along the lakes,...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, located in the district of Aigle
Aigle (district)
Aigle District is a district of the canton of Vaud, Switzerland.-Geography:Aigle has an area, , of . Of this area, or 34.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 41.3% is forested...
.
History
Ormont-Dessous is first mentioned in 1200 as Ormont. In 1564 it was mentioned as Bas-Ormont. The GermanGerman language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
name Ormund is no longer used.
Geography
Ormont-Dessous has an area, , of 64.07 square kilometres (24.7 sq mi). Of this area, 24.93 km² (9.6 sq mi) or 38.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while 29.07 km² (11.2 sq mi) or 45.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.05 km² (0.791509425114697 sq mi) or 3.2% is settled (buildings or roads), 1.26 km² (0.486488719826594 sq mi) or 2.0% is either rivers or lakes and 6.71 km² (2.6 sq mi) or 10.5% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.7%. Out of the forested land, 37.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 4.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 0.0% is used for growing crops and 10.6% is pastures and 28.3% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 1.8% is in lakes and 0.2% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 7.2% is unproductive vegetation and 3.2% is too rocky for vegetation.
The municipality is located in the Aigle district, in the middle of the Grande-Eau valley. It consists of the villages of Ormont, Dessous, Le Sépey and La Forclaz as well as scattered settlements at Cergnat, Matélon, La Comballaz and Les Voëttes.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Gules, from three Hills Or rising a Tower Argent masoned and windowed Sable between four, two and two, Mullets of Five Argent. This coat of arms might be an example of canting
Canting arms
Canting arms are heraldic bearings that represent the bearer's name in a visual pun or rebus. The term cant came into the English language from Anglo-Norman cant, meaning song or singing, from Latin cantāre, and English cognates include canticle, chant, accent, incantation and recant.Canting arms –...
with Ormont-Dessous being read as Or-Mont-Dessous or Gold(en)-Mount-Below.
Demographics
Ormont-Dessous has a population of . , 9.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 3.4%. It has changed at a rate of 9.2% due to migration and at a rate of -5.5% due to births and deaths.Most of the population speaks French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
(1,000 or 93.0%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (33 or 3.1%) and Portuguese
Portuguese language
Portuguese is a Romance language that arose in the medieval Kingdom of Galicia, nowadays Galicia and Northern Portugal. The southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia became independent as the County of Portugal in 1095...
being third (16 or 1.5%). There are 8 people who speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
.
Of the population in the municipality 368 or about 34.2% were born in Ormont-Dessous and lived there in 2000. There were 321 or 29.9% who were born in the same canton, while 150 or 14.0% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 127 or 11.8% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 10 live births to Swiss citizens and were 20 deaths of Swiss citizens. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 10 while the foreign population remained the same. There were 3 Swiss men who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 18 and the non-Swiss population decreased by 16 people. This represents a population growth rate of -3.3%.
The age distribution, , in Ormont-Dessous is; 91 children or 9.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 122 teenagers or 12.2% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 81 people or 8.1% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 139 people or 13.8% are between 30 and 39, 139 people or 13.8% are between 40 and 49, and 153 people or 15.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 135 people or 13.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 70 people or 7.0% are between 70 and 79,there are 58 people or 5.8% who are 80 and 89, and there are 16 people or 1.6% who are 90 and older.
, there were 337 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 556 married individuals, 93 widows or widowers and 89 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.47 which is less people per room than the cantonal average of 0.61 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 69.6% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 500 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2. persons per household. There were 210 households that consist of only one person and 22 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 531 households that answered this question, 39.5% were households made up of just one person and there were 8 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 146 married couples without children, 103 married couples with children There were 23 single parents with a child or children. There were 10 households that were made up of unrelated people and 31 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 701 single family homes (or 66.5% of the total) out of a total of 1,054 inhabited buildings. There were 116 multi-family buildings (11.0%), along with 187 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (17.7%) and 50 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.7%). Of the single family homes 419 were built before 1919, while 21 were built between 1990 and 2000. The most multi-family homes (50) were built before 1919 and the next most (23) were built between 1961 and 1970. There were 2 multi-family houses built between 1996 and 2000.
there were 1,444 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 359. There were 114 single room apartments and 435 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 483 apartments (33.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 842 apartments (58.3%) were seasonally occupied and 119 apartments (8.2%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Heritage sites of national significance
The Pont des Planches is listed as Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
. The entire village of La Forclaz is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
.
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 35.26% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(19.63%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(13.52%) and the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...
(9.71%). In the federal election, a total of 263 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 33.6%.
Economy
, Ormont-Dessous had an unemployment rate of 3.6%. , there were 104 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 42 businesses involved in this sector. 51 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 17 businesses in this sector. 172 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 39 businesses in this sector. There were 468 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 38.2% of the workforce.the total number of full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent , is a unit to measure employed persons or students in a way that makes them comparable although they may work or study a different number of hours per week. FTE is often used to measure a worker's involvement in a project, or to track cost reductions in an organization...
jobs was 239. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 60, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 46 of which 8 or (17.4%) were in manufacturing and 37 (80.4%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 133. In the tertiary sector; 22 or 16.5% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 10 or 7.5% were in the movement and storage of goods, 40 or 30.1% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 27 or 20.3% were in education and 18 or 13.5% were in health care.
, there were 47 workers who commuted into the municipality and 233 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 5.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 8.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 61.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 184 or 17.1% were Roman Catholic, while 658 or 61.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population,, and there were 11 individuals (or about 1.02% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 3 (or about 0.28% of the population) who were Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There were 2 individuals who were Buddhist
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
. 103 (or about 9.58% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 114 individuals (or about 10.60% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Ormont-Dessous about 380 or (35.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 85 or (7.9%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the 85 who completed tertiary schooling, 67.1% were Swiss men, 28.2% were Swiss women.
In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 115 students in the Ormont-Dessous school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 205 children of which 96 children (46.8%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 54 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 57 students in those schools. There were also 4 students who were home schooled or attended another non-traditional school.
, there were 80 students in Ormont-Dessous who came from another municipality, while 46 residents attended schools outside the municipality.