Ostap Vyshnya
Encyclopedia
Ostap Vyshnia was a Ukrainian writer, humourist, satirist, and official.
uyezd, at the time in the Poltava Governorate
of the Russian Empire
. Today his place is in Sumy Oblast
while Hrun' is a village in Poltava Oblast
, both in Ukraine
. He studied in elementary school in Zinkiv
, later enrolling into the Kiev
military-nursing school which he finished in 1907. He worked as a nurse in the Army and then at the surgical department of the South-Western Railways hospital. He finally managed to take the tests to enroll into the Kiev University
in 1917, but later (1919) dropped out of it and was fully was overtaken by journalism and literary works. In 1919 he was captured by Bolshevik
s while being in the Ukrainian Army and heavily sick of typhus
. Remarkable is the fact that he also served as the chief of the medical-sanitary directorate of Ukrainian Ministry of Railways (Transport). Until 1921 he spent time in Kharkiv
's prison till the complete end of the Civil War. During the times of Directorate of Ukraine
he became known for his phrase: Inside the wagon - Directory, under the wagon - territory.
Several satirical articles were also printed in this same newspaper by the young writer, and from April 1921, when he had become a journalist with the government newspaper News of All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee , began the period of his creative activity and regular articles in the press. The pen name of Ostap Vyshnia appeared for the first time on 22 July 1921 in The Peasant Truth with the feuilleton Odd Fellow, Really!.
In 1933 he was sent to the labour camps for ten years, and he was able to return to his literary career only in 1943. He was rehabilitated in 1955.
. He is buried at the Baikove Cemetery.
Early life
Pavlo Hubenko was born in a large peasant family of 17 children on 13 November 1889 in the khutir (farmstead) Chechva near the small city of Hrun, in ZinkivZinkiv
Zinkiv is a city in Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. The population is 10,577 ....
uyezd, at the time in the Poltava Governorate
Poltava Governorate
The Poltava Governorate or Government of Poltava was a guberniya in the historical Left-bank Ukraine region of the Russian Empire, which was officially created in 1802 from the disbanded Malorossiya Governorate which was split between the Chernigov Governorate and Poltava Governorate with an...
of the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
. Today his place is in Sumy Oblast
Sumy Oblast
Sumy Oblast is an oblast in the northeastern part of Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Sumy.Other important cities within the oblast include Konotop, Okhtyrka, Romny, and Shostka....
while Hrun' is a village in Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast is an oblast of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava.Other important cities within the oblast include: Komsomolsk, Kremenchuk, Lubny and Myrhorod.-Geography:...
, both in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. He studied in elementary school in Zinkiv
Zinkiv
Zinkiv is a city in Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. The population is 10,577 ....
, later enrolling into the Kiev
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
military-nursing school which he finished in 1907. He worked as a nurse in the Army and then at the surgical department of the South-Western Railways hospital. He finally managed to take the tests to enroll into the Kiev University
Kiev University
Taras Shevchenko University or officially the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv , colloquially known in Ukrainian as KNU is located in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is the third oldest university in Ukraine after the University of Lviv and Kharkiv University. Currently, its structure...
in 1917, but later (1919) dropped out of it and was fully was overtaken by journalism and literary works. In 1919 he was captured by Bolshevik
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
s while being in the Ukrainian Army and heavily sick of typhus
Typhus
Epidemic typhus is a form of typhus so named because the disease often causes epidemics following wars and natural disasters...
. Remarkable is the fact that he also served as the chief of the medical-sanitary directorate of Ukrainian Ministry of Railways (Transport). Until 1921 he spent time in Kharkiv
Kharkiv
Kharkiv or Kharkov is the second-largest city in Ukraine.The city was founded in 1654 and was a major centre of Ukrainian culture in the Russian Empire. Kharkiv became the first city in Ukraine where the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in December 1917 and Soviet government was...
's prison till the complete end of the Civil War. During the times of Directorate of Ukraine
Directorate of Ukraine
The Directorate, or Directory was a provisional revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian National Republic, formed in 1918 by the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against Skoropadsky's regime....
he became known for his phrase: Inside the wagon - Directory, under the wagon - territory.
Career and repression
The first printed story by Ostap Vyshnia — «Denikin's Democratic Reforms» was published on 2 November 1919 in the newspaper «Narodna Volia» under the pen name «P.Hrunsky».Several satirical articles were also printed in this same newspaper by the young writer, and from April 1921, when he had become a journalist with the government newspaper News of All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee , began the period of his creative activity and regular articles in the press. The pen name of Ostap Vyshnia appeared for the first time on 22 July 1921 in The Peasant Truth with the feuilleton Odd Fellow, Really!.
In 1933 he was sent to the labour camps for ten years, and he was able to return to his literary career only in 1943. He was rehabilitated in 1955.
Death
Ostap Vyshnya died on 28 September 1956 in KievKiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
. He is buried at the Baikove Cemetery.