The Republic of Cyprus

Cyprus

Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...

is a sovereign island nation

Island nation

An island country is a state whose primary territory consists of one or more islands or parts of islands. As of 2011, 47 of the 193 UN member states are island countries.-Politics:...

 located on the Island of Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean Sea

Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant...

 — south of Anatolia

Anatolia

Anatolia is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey...

 (Turkey

Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

), west of mainland Levant

Levant

The Levant or ) is the geographic region and culture zone of the "eastern Mediterranean littoral between Anatolia and Egypt" . The Levant includes most of modern Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian territories, and sometimes parts of Turkey and Iraq, and corresponds roughly to the...

 (Syria

Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

, Lebanon

Lebanon

Lebanon , officially the Republic of LebanonRepublic of Lebanon is the most common term used by Lebanese government agencies. The term Lebanese Republic, a literal translation of the official Arabic and French names that is not used in today's world. Arabic is the most common language spoken among...

), north of North Africa

North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, linked by the Sahara to Sub-Saharan Africa. Geopolitically, the United Nations definition of Northern Africa includes eight countries or territories; Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, South Sudan, Sudan, Tunisia, and...

 (Egypt

Egypt

Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

), south-east of Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

 (Crete

Crete

Crete is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, and one of the thirteen administrative regions of Greece. It forms a significant part of the economy and cultural heritage of Greece while retaining its own local cultural traits...

 and the Greek islands

Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....

) — and part of the Middle East

Middle East

The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...

.

Cyprus is the third-largest Mediterranean island and one of the most popular tourist destinations, attracting over 2.4 million tourists per year. A former British colony

British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...

, it gained independence from the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 in 1960 and became a Commonwealth republic

Commonwealth republic

A republic in the Commonwealth of Nations is any one of the 33 sovereign states of the Commonwealth of Nations with a republican form of government...

 in 1961. The Republic of Cyprus is a developed country

Developed country

A developed country is a country that has a high level of development according to some criteria. Which criteria, and which countries are classified as being developed, is a contentious issue...

 and has been a member of the European Union

European Union

The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

 since 1 May 2004. It adopted the euro on 1 January 2008.

In 1974, following a period of violence between Greek Cypriots

Greek Cypriots

Greek Cypriots are the ethnic Greek population of Cyprus, forming the island's largest ethnolinguistic community at 77% of the population. Greek Cypriots are mostly members of the Church of Cyprus, an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Orthodox Christianity...

 and Turkish Cypriots

Turkish Cypriots

Turkish Cypriots are the ethnic Turks and members of the Turkish-speaking ethnolinguistic community of the Eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The term is used to refer explicitly to the indigenous Turkish Cypriots, whose Ottoman Turkish forbears colonised the island in 1571...

 and an attempted Greek Cypriot coup d'état

Coup d'état

A coup d'état state, literally: strike/blow of state)—also known as a coup, putsch, and overthrow—is the sudden, extrajudicial deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either...

 aimed at annexing the island to Greece, sponsored by the Greek military junta of 1967-1974

Greek military junta of 1967-1974

The Greek military junta of 1967–1974, alternatively "The Regime of the Colonels" , or in Greece "The Junta", and "The Seven Years" are terms used to refer to a series of right-wing military governments that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974...

, Turkey invaded and occupied

Turkish invasion of Cyprus

The Turkish invasion of Cyprus, launched on 20 July 1974, was a Turkish military invasion in response to a Greek military junta backed coup in Cyprus...

 one-third of the island. This led to the displacement of thousands of Cypriots and the establishment of a separate Turkish Cypriot political entity

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus or North Cyprus , officially the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus , is a self-declared state that comprises the northeastern part of the island of Cyprus...

 in the north. This event and its resulting political situation is a matter of ongoing dispute

Cyprus dispute

The Cyprus dispute is the result of the ongoing conflict between the Republic of Cyprus and Turkey, over the Turkish occupied northern part of Cyprus....

.

The Republic of Cyprus, the internationally recognized state

Sovereign state

A sovereign state, or simply, state, is a state with a defined territory on which it exercises internal and external sovereignty, a permanent population, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood to be a state which is neither...

, claimed sovereignty

Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided...

 over 97% of the island of Cyprus and all surrounding waters, with the United Kingdom controlling the remaining three percent. The island is de facto

De facto

De facto is a Latin expression that means "concerning fact." In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established." It is commonly used in contrast to de jure when referring to matters of law, governance, or...

 partitioned into four main parts:

• The area under the effective control of the Republic of Cyprus in the south of the island;
• The Turkish-controlled area in the north, calling itself the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (recognized
  Diplomatic recognition
  Diplomatic recognition in international law is a unilateral political act with domestic and international legal consequences, whereby a state acknowledges an act or status of another state or government in control of a state...
  
   only by Turkey);
• The United Nations
  United Nations
  The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
  
  -controlled
  United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus
  The United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus runs for more than along what is known as the Green Line and has an area of . The zone partitions the island of Cyprus into a southern area effectively controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus , and the northern area...
  
   Green Line, separating the two; and
• Two Sovereign Base Areas
  Sovereign Base Areas
  The Sovereign Base Areas are military bases located on territory in which the United Kingdom is sovereign, but which are separated from the ordinary British territory....
  
   (Akrotiri and Dhekelia
  Akrotiri and Dhekelia
  The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia are two British-administered areas comprising a British Overseas Territory on the island of Cyprus administered as Sovereign Base Areas of the United Kingdom...
  
  ), over which the United Kingdom retained jurisdiction after Cypriot independence.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Cyprus:

General Reference

• Pronunciation
  International Phonetic Alphabet
  The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic...
  
  :
• Common English country name: Cyprus
  Cyprus
  Cyprus , officially the Republic of Cyprus , is a Eurasian island country, member of the European Union, in the Eastern Mediterranean, east of Greece, south of Turkey, west of Syria and north of Egypt. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.The earliest known human activity on the...
  
  
• Official English country name: The Republic of Cyprus
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Cypriot
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology
  Etymology
  Etymology is the study of the history of words, their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed over time.For languages with a long written history, etymologists make use of texts in these languages and texts about the languages to gather knowledge about how words were used during...
  
  : Name of Cyprus
• International rankings of Cyprus
  International rankings of Cyprus
  -International rankings:...
  
  
• ISO country codes: CY, CYP, 196
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:CY
  ISO 3166-2:CY
  ISO 3166-2:CY is the entry for Cyprus in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization , which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.Currently for Cyprus, ISO 3166-2 codes are...
  
  
• Internet
  Internet
  The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
  
   country code top-level domain
  Country code top-level domain
  A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory....
  
  : .cy
  .cy
  .cy is the country code top-level domain for Cyprus. Registration is limited to residents of Cyprus or companies and organizations registered with the government there; the personal or business registration number is required on registration...
  
  

Geography of Cyprus

• Cyprus is: an island country
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere
    Northern Hemisphere
    The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of its equator—the word hemisphere literally means “half sphere”. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
    
     and Eastern Hemisphere
    Eastern Hemisphere
    The Eastern Hemisphere, also Eastern hemisphere or eastern hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of 180° longitude. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, vis-à-vis the Western Hemisphere, which includes...
    
    
  • Atlantic Ocean
    Atlantic Ocean
    The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about , it covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 26% of its water surface area...
    
    
    • Mediterranean Sea
      Mediterranean Sea
      The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant...
      
      
  • Eurasia
    Eurasia
    Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
    
     (though not on the mainland
    Mainland
    Mainland is a name given to a large landmass in a region , or to the largest of a group of islands in an archipelago. Sometimes its residents are called "Mainlanders"...
    
    )
    • Europe
      Europe
      Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
      
      
      • Southern Europe
        Southern Europe
        The term Southern Europe, at its most general definition, is used to mean "all countries in the south of Europe". However, the concept, at different times, has had different meanings, providing additional political, linguistic and cultural context to the definition in addition to the typical...
        
        
  • Mediterranean Basin
    Mediterranean Basin
    In biogeography, the Mediterranean Basin refers to the lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have a Mediterranean climate, with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation...
    
    
  • Time zone
    Time zone
    A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...
    
    : Eastern European Time
    Eastern European Time
    Eastern European Time is one of the names of UTC+02:00 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used in some European countries that also use Eastern European Summer Time as a summer daylight saving time.- Usage :...
    
     (UTC+02), Eastern European Summer Time
    Eastern European Summer Time
    Eastern European Summer Time is one of the names of UTC+3 time zone, 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used as a summer daylight saving time in some European, North African, and Middle Eastern countries...
    
     (UTC+03)
  • Extreme points of Cyprus
    Extreme points of Cyprus
    This is a list of the extreme points of Cyprus: the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location.- Mainland Cyprus :* North : Cape Apostolos Andreas * South : Cape Gata * West : Cape Arnauti * East : Cape Apostolos Andreas...
    
    
    • High: Mount Olympus
      Mount Olympus (Cyprus)
      Olympus, or Chionistra, at , is the highest point in Cyprus. It is located in the Troodos Mountains of Cyprus. A British long range radar currently operates at Mount Olympus' peak....
      
       1951 m (6,401 ft)
    • Low: Mediterranean Sea
      Mediterranean Sea
      The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant...
      
       0 m
  • Land boundaries: 150 km

Dhekelia SBA 103 km

Akrotiri SBA 47 km

• Coastline: 648 km
• Population of Cyprus
  Demographics of Cyprus
  The Demographics of Cyprus is about the demographic features of the population of Cyprus, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population....
  
  : 794,600 (January 1, 2008) - 154th most populous country
• Area of Cyprus: 9,251 km²
• Atlas of Cyprus

Environment of Cyprus

• Climate of Cyprus
  Climate of Cyprus
  Cyprus has a Subtropical climate - Mediterranean and Semi-arid type - according to Köppen climate classification signes Csa and Bsh, with very mild winters and warm to hot summers. Snow is possible only in the Troodos mountains in the central part of island...
  
  
• Environmental issues in Cyprus
• Ecoregions in Cyprus
• Renewable energy in Cyprus
• Geology of Cyprus
• Protected areas of Cyprus
  • Biosphere reserves in Cyprus
  • National parks of Cyprus
• Wildlife of Cyprus
  Wildlife of Cyprus
  The wildlife of Cyprus includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Cyprus has a rich flora and a diverse fauna albeit with relatively few mammals...
  
  
  • Flora of Cyprus
  • Fauna of Cyprus
    • Birds of Cyprus
    • Mammals of Cyprus

Natural geographic features of Cyprus

• Islands of Cyprus
• Rivers of Cyprus
• World Heritage Sites in Cyprus

Administrative divisions of Cyprus

Main article: Administrative divisions of Cyprus

• Districts of Cyprus
  Districts of Cyprus
  Cyprus is divided into six districts , whose capitals share the same name:The districts are further divided up into municipalities.-See also:* List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus* ISO 3166-2:CY* Districts of Northern Cyprus-External links:*...
  
  

Municipalities of Cyprus

• Capital of Cyprus: Nicosia
• Cities of Cyprus

Government and politics of Cyprus

Main article: Government of Cyprus and Politics of Cyprus

Politics of Cyprus

Politics of the Republic of Cyprus takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Cyprus is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is...

• Form of government
  Form of government
  A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...
  
  : presidential
  Presidential system
  A presidential system is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides separately from the legislature, to which it is not responsible and which cannot, in normal circumstances, dismiss it....
  
   representative democratic
  Representative democracy
  Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy...
  
   republic
  Republic
  A republic is a form of government in which the people, or some significant portion of them, have supreme control over the government and where offices of state are elected or chosen by elected people. In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of...
  
  
• Capital of Cyprus: Nicosia

• Elections in Cyprus
  Elections in Cyprus
  Elections in Cyprus gives information on election and election results in Cyprus.Cyprus elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The election of the President is direct, by universal suffrage and secret ballot. Voting is compulsory and every citizen over the...
  
  
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Cyprus
• Political scandals of Cyprus
• Taxation in Cyprus

Executive branch of the government of Cyprus

• Head of state
  Head of State
  A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
  
  : President of Cyprus, Dimitris Christofias
  Dimitris Christofias
  Dimitris Christofias also Demetris is a left-wing Greek Cypriot politician and the current and sixth President of the Republic of Cyprus. Christofias was the General Secretary of AKEL and is Cyprus's first, and the European Union's first and so far only, communist head of state. He won the 2008...
  
  
• Head of government
  Head of government
  Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
  
  : President of Cyprus, Dimitris Christofias
  Dimitris Christofias
  Dimitris Christofias also Demetris is a left-wing Greek Cypriot politician and the current and sixth President of the Republic of Cyprus. Christofias was the General Secretary of AKEL and is Cyprus's first, and the European Union's first and so far only, communist head of state. He won the 2008...
  
  
• Cabinet of Cyprus

Legislative branch of the government of Cyprus

• Parliament of Cyprus (unicameral)
  • House of Representatives of Cyprus
    House of Representatives of Cyprus
    The House of Representatives is the parliament of Cyprus. It has 59 members elected for a five year term, 56 members by proportional representation and 3 observer members representing the Maronite, Latin and Armenian minorities...
    
    

Judicial branch of the government of Cyprus

• Supreme Court of Cyprus

Foreign relations of Cyprus

• Diplomatic missions in Cyprus
• Diplomatic missions of Cyprus
  Diplomatic missions of Cyprus
  This is a list of diplomatic missions of Cyprus. Cyprus has a modest diplomatic presence. The Turkish occupied northern portion of Cyprus has its own diplomatic missions, albeit only to Turkey, the sole country that recognises the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus...
  
  

International organization membership

The Republic of Cyprus is a member of:

• Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Organization (AAPSO)
• Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization
  Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization
  The Asian–African Legal Consultative Organization is an international governmental organization formed in 1956, initially to serve as an advisory board to member states on matters on international law. It was an outgrowth of the Bandung Conference, held in Indonesia during April, 1955, which led...
  
   (AALCO)
• Asian Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions
  The International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions is a worldwide affiliation of governmental entities. Its members are the Chief Financial Controller/Comptroller General Offices of nations.INTOSAI was founded in 1953 in Havana, Cuba...
  
   (ASOSAI)
• Asian Parliamentary Assembly (APA)
• Association of Asian Parliaments for Peace
  Association of Asian Parliaments for Peace
  The Association of Asian Parliaments for Peace in Asia to promote peace in general and in the Asian region, in particular was established in September 1999....
  
   (AAPP)
• Australia Group
  Australia Group
  The Australia Group is an informal group of countries established in 1985 to help member countries to identify those of their exports which need to be controlled so as not to contribute to the spread of chemical and biological weapons .The group, initially consisting of 15 members, held its first...
  
  
• Commonwealth of Nations
  Commonwealth of Nations
  The Commonwealth of Nations, normally referred to as the Commonwealth and formerly known as the British Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of fifty-four independent member states...
  
  
• Council of Europe
  Council of Europe
  The Council of Europe is an international organisation promoting co-operation between all countries of Europe in the areas of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, the rule of law and cultural co-operation...
  
   (CE)
• Economic and Monetary Union
  Economic and monetary union
  An economic and monetary union is a type of trade bloc which is composed of an economic union with a monetary union. It is to be distinguished from a mere monetary union , which does not involve a common market. This is the fifth stage of economic integration...
  
   (EMU)
• European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  Founded in 1991, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development uses the tools of investment to help build market economies and democracies in 30 countries from central Europe to central Asia. Its mission was to support the formerly communist countries in the process of establishing their...
  
   (EBRD)
• European Investment Bank
  European Investment Bank
  The European Investment Bank is the European Union's long-term lending institution established in 1958 under the Treaty of Rome. A policy-driven bank, the EIB supports the EU’s priority objectives, especially European integration and the development of economically weak regions...
  
   (EIB)
• European Union
  European Union
  The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
  
   (EU)
• Food and Agriculture Organization
  Food and Agriculture Organization
  The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and...
  
   (FAO)
• International Atomic Energy Agency
  International Atomic Energy Agency
  The International Atomic Energy Agency is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957...
  
   (IAEA)
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of five institutions that compose the World Bank Group. The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now, its mission has expanded to fight...
  
   (IBRD)
• International Chamber of Commerce
  International Chamber of Commerce
  The International Chamber of Commerce is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its hundreds of thousands of member companies in over 130 countries have interests spanning every sector of private enterprise....
  
   (ICC)
• International Civil Aviation Organization
  International Civil Aviation Organization
  The International Civil Aviation Organization , pronounced , , is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth...
  
   (ICAO)
• International Criminal Court
  International Criminal Court
  The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression .It came into being on 1 July 2002—the date its founding treaty, the Rome Statute of the...
  
   (ICCt)
• International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
• International Finance Corporation
  International Finance Corporation
  The International Finance Corporation promotes sustainable private sector investment in developing countries.IFC is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States....
  
   (IFC)
• International Fund for Agricultural Development
  International Fund for Agricultural Development
  The International Fund for Agricultural Development , a specialized agency of the United Nations, was established as an international financial institution in 1977 as one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference. IFAD is dedicated to eradicating rural poverty in developing countries...
  
   (IFAD)
• International Hydrographic Organization
  International Hydrographic Organization
  The International Hydrographic Organization is the inter-governmental organisation representing the hydrographic community. It enjoys observer status at the UN and is the recognised competent authority on hydrographic surveying and nautical charting...
  
   (IHO)
• International Labour Organization
  International Labour Organization
  The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...
  
   (ILO)
• International Maritime Organization
  International Maritime Organization
  The International Maritime Organization , formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization , was established in Geneva in 1948, and came into force ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959...
  
   (IMO)
• International Mobile Satellite Organization
  International Mobile Satellite Organization
  The International Mobile Satellite Organization is the intergovernmental organization that oversees certain public satellite safety and security communication services provided via the Inmarsat satellites...
  
   (IMSO)
• International Monetary Fund
  International Monetary Fund
  The International Monetary Fund is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world...
  
   (IMF)
• International Olympic Committee
  International Olympic Committee
  The International Olympic Committee is an international corporation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin on 23 June 1894 with Demetrios Vikelas as its first president...
  
   (IOC)
• International Organization for Migration
  International Organization for Migration
  The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration to help resettle people displaced by World War II....
  
   (IOM)
• International Organization for Standardization
  International Organization for Standardization
  The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO, is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial...
  
   (ISO)
• International Telecommunication Union
  International Telecommunication Union
  The International Telecommunication Union is the specialized agency of the United Nations which is responsible for information and communication technologies...
  
   (ITU)

• International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
  International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
  The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization is an intergovernmental organisation charged with overseeing the public service obligations of Intelsat.-External links:*...
  
   (ITSO)
• International Trade Union Confederation
  International Trade Union Confederation
  The International Trade Union Confederation is the world's largest trade union federation. It was formed on November 1, 2006 out of the merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and the World Confederation of Labour...
  
   (ITUC)
• Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
• Middle East Cancer Consortium
  Middle East Cancer Consortium
  Middle East Cancer Consortium is a regional initiative for cancer research and treatment. Established in 1996, MECC members include USA, Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Palestinian Authority, and Turkey. It aims to reduce the incidence and impact of cancer in the Middle East region through the...
  
   (MECC)
• Middle East Free Trade Area (US-MEFTA)
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
  Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
  The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency is a member organization of the World Bank Group that offers political risk insurance. It was established to promote foreign direct investment into developing countries. MIGA was founded in 1988 with a capital base of $1 billion and is headquartered in...
  
   (MIGA)
• Non-Aligned Movement
  Non-Aligned Movement
  The Non-Aligned Movement is a group of states considering themselves not aligned formally with or against any major power bloc. As of 2011, the movement had 120 members and 17 observer countries...
  
   (NAM) (guest)
• Nuclear Suppliers Group
  Nuclear Suppliers Group
  Nuclear Suppliers Group is a multinational body concerned with reducing nuclear proliferation by controlling the export and re-transfer of materials that may be applicable to nuclear weapon development and by improving safeguards and protection on existing materials.- History :It was founded in...
  
   (NSG)
• Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) (associate member)
• Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
• Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
• Organization of American States
  Organization of American States
  The Organization of American States is a regional international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States...
  
   (OAS) (observer)
• Permanent Court of Arbitration
  Permanent Court of Arbitration
  The Permanent Court of Arbitration , is an international organization based in The Hague in the Netherlands.-History:The court was established in 1899 as one of the acts of the first Hague Peace Conference, which makes it the oldest institution for international dispute resolution.The creation of...
  
   (PCA)
• United Nations
  United Nations
  The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
  
   (Asian Group
  United Nations geoscheme for Asia
  -Central Asia:*Kazakhstan*Kyrgyzstan*Tajikistan*Turkmenistan*Uzbekistan-Eastern Asia:*China - the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China **Hong Kong**Macau*Japan*Mongolia*Korea - North Korea and South Korea-Southern Asia:...
  
  ) (UN)
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body. It is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues....
  
   (UNCTAD)
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees , also known as The UN Refugee Agency is a United Nations agency mandated to protect and support refugees at the request of a government or the UN itself and assists in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to...
  
   (UNHCR)
• United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  The United Nations Industrial Development Organization , French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna, Austria...
  
   (UNIDO)
• United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
  United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
  The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon, or UNIFIL, was created by the United Nations, with the adoption of Security Council Resolution 425 and 426 on 19 March 1978, to confirm Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon which Israel had invaded five days prior, restore international peace and security,...
  
   (UNIFIL)
• Universal Postal Union
  Universal Postal Union
  The Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration , the Postal Operations Council and the...
  
   (UPU)
• World Confederation of Labour
  World Confederation of Labour
  The World Confederation of Labour was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Totalitarian governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the end of World War II...
  
   (WCL)
• World Customs Organization
  World Customs Organization
  The World Customs Organization is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. With its worldwide membership, the WCO is recognized as the voice of the global customs community...
  
   (WCO)
• World Federation of Trade Unions
  World Federation of Trade Unions
  The World Federation of Trade Unions was established in 1945 to replace the International Federation of Trade Unions. Its mission was to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations...
  
   (WFTU)
• World Health Organization
  World Health Organization
  The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...
  
   (WHO)
• World Intellectual Property Organization
  World Intellectual Property Organization
  The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the 17 specialized agencies of the United Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world"....
  
   (WIPO)
• World Meteorological Organization
  World Meteorological Organization
  The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...
  
   (WMO)
• World Tourism Organization
  World Tourism Organization
  The World Tourism Organization , based in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. It compiles the World Tourism rankings. The World Tourism Organization is a significant global body, concerned with the collection and collation of statistical information...
  
   (UNWTO)
• World Trade Organization
  World Trade Organization
  The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...
  
   (WTO)

Law and order in Cyprus

Main article: Law of Cyprus

• Capital punishment in Cyprus
  Capital punishment in Cyprus
  Capital punishment for murder was abolished in Cyprus on 15 December 1983. It was abolished for all crimes on 19 April 2002. Cyprus is a signatory of the second optional protocol of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights which provides for full abolition of capital punishment...
  
  
• Constitution of Cyprus
  Constitution of Cyprus
  The Constitution of Cyprus is a document, ratified on August 16, 1960, that serves as the framework for the Cypriot government. It was drafted after the country won its independence in 1959....
  
  
• Crime in Cyprus
• Human rights in Cyprus
  Human rights in Cyprus
  Human rights in Cyprus are protected by the constitution of the Republic of Cyprus.In 2010, the US Department of State reported that:"Problems were reported in some areas. There were reports of police abuse and degrading treatment of persons in custody and asylum seekers. Violence against women,...
  
  
  • Freedom of religion in Cyprus
    Freedom of religion in Cyprus
    The Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus provides for freedom of religion, and the Government generally respected this right in practice. There were few reports of societal abuses or discrimination based on religious belief or practice, and prominent societal leaders took positive steps to...
    
    
  • LGBT rights in Cyprus
• Law enforcement in Cyprus
  Law enforcement in Cyprus
  The Cyprus Police are a part of the Ministry of Justice and Public Order and are the national police of the Republic of Cyprus.Cyprus has a low crime rate in relation to many other European nations, with a ratio of 1024 serious crimes per 100,000 people, compared to 5,000 per 100,000 population in...
  
  

Military of Cyprus

Main article: Military of Cyprus

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief
    Commander-in-Chief
    A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...
    
    :
    • Ministry of Defence of Cyprus
• Forces
  • Army of Cyprus
  • Navy of Cyprus
  • Air Force of Cyprus
  • Special forces of Cyprus
• Military history of Cyprus
• Military ranks of Cyprus

History of Cyprus

Main article: History of Cyprus

History of Cyprus

-Prehistory:Cyprus was settled by humans in the Paleolithic period who coexisted with various dwarf animal species, such as dwarf elephants and pygmy hippos well into the Holocene...

, Timeline of the history of Cyprus, and Current events of Cyprus

• Economic history of Cyprus
• Military history of Cyprus

Culture of Cyprus

Main article: Culture of Cyprus

• Architecture of Cyprus
• Cuisine of Cyprus
  Cuisine of Cyprus
  Cypriot cuisine is the cuisine of Cyprus and can be described as a blend of Greek cuisines. Greek Cypriot cuisine is another regional Greek cuisine along with Cretan, Ionian, or Attic....
  
  
• Ethnic minorities in Cyprus
• Festivals in Cyprus
• Humor in Cyprus
• Languages of Cyprus
• Media in Cyprus
• National symbols of Cyprus
  • Coat of arms of Cyprus
    Coat of arms of Cyprus
    The coat of arms of Cyprus depicts a dove carrying an olive branch over “1960”, the year of Cypriot independence from British rule...
    
    
  • Flag of Cyprus
    Flag of Cyprus
    The flag of Cyprus came into use on August 16, 1960, under the Zürich and London Agreements, whereby a constitution was drafted and Cyprus was proclaimed an independent state. The flag was designed by Turkish Cypriot art teacher İsmet Güney....
    
    
  • National anthem of Cyprus
• People of Cyprus
• Prostitution in Cyprus
• Public holidays in Cyprus
  Public holidays in Cyprus
  Holidays in Cyprus:*New Year's Day- 1 January*Epiphany- 6 January*The Three Holy Hierarchs- 30 January *Clean Monday- date variable*Greek Independence Day- 25 March*Greek Cypriot National Day- 1 April...
  
  
• Records of Cyprus
• Religion in Cyprus
  Religion in Cyprus
  Christians make up 78% of the Cypriot population.Most Greek Cypriots, and thus the majority of the population of Cyprus, are members of the Autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus , whereas most Turkish Cypriots are Muslim. According to Eurobarometer 2005 , Cyprus is one of the most religious...
  
  
  • Buddhism in Cyprus
  • Christianity in Cyprus
  • Hinduism in Cyprus
    Hinduism in Cyprus
    The Indian community in Cyprus, which numbered around two hundred a few years ago now stands at around 2,000.-Composition of the Community:While the number of permanent residents is very small, the major chunk of the community consists of professional software programmers and their families. They...
    
    
  • Islam in Cyprus
    Islam in Cyprus
    Islam in Cyprus was introduced when Uthman the 3rd Caliph conquered Cyprus in 649. Muslims lived throughout Cyprus but prior to 1974, and since have been concentrated in Northern Cyprus....
    
    
  • Judaism in Cyprus
  • Sikhism in Cyprus
• World Heritage Sites in Cyprus

Art in Cyprus

• Art in Cyprus
• Cinema of Cyprus
  Cinema of Cyprus
  -See also:* Cinema of the world* World cinema* Cyprus International Film Festival* Culture of Cyprus* Culture of Greece* Culture of Turkey* List of Greek actors* List of Turkish actors* Film* Cinema of Greece* Cinema of Turkey* List of Cypriot films...
  
  
• Literature of Cyprus
• Music of Cyprus
  Music of Cyprus
  The music of Cyprus includes a variety of classical, folk and popular genres. Cypriot folk music is similar to the folk music of Greece, and includes dances like sousta, syrtos, Kalamatianos, zeimbekiko, and Rebetika.-Medieval music:...
  
  
• Television in Cyprus
  Television in Cyprus
  Television in Cyprus was introduced in 1956. Private TV was introduced on the 26th of April, 1992, by LOGOS TV which started its transmissions in STEREO and TELETEXT from day one. The first private TV station of Cyprus was owned and operated by the Church of Cyprus. In August, 1995, the same...
  
  
• Theatre in Cyprus

Sports in Cyprus

Main article: Sports in Cyprus

• Football in Cyprus
  Football in Cyprus
  Football in Cyprus is by far the most popular sport.Short of some sporadic surprise wins versus higher-ranked countries, mostly on home soil, the national team has not enjoyed any success of note...
  
  
• Cyprus at the Olympics
  Cyprus at the Olympics
  Cyprus has sent athletes to every Olympic Games held since 1980, although the country has never won an Olympic medal. They had a near miss at the 2008 Olympics when Antonis Nikolaidis lost the bronze medal shoot-off in men's skeet. The first modern Olympian from Cyprus was actually Anastasios...
  
  
• Cyprus Cycling Federation
  Cyprus Cycling Federation
  The Cyprus Cycling Federation or CCF is the national governing body of cycle racing in Cyprus.The CCF is a member of the UCI and the UEC....
  
  

Economy and infrastructure of Cyprus

Main article: Economy of Cyprus

Economy of Cyprus

Economic affairs in Cyprus are dominated by the division of the country into the southern area, controlled by the internationally recognized government of the Republic of Cyprus, and Turkish-occupied northern Cyprus....

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 89th (eighty-ninth)

• Agriculture in Cyprus
  Agriculture in Cyprus
  When Cyprus achieved independence in 1960, the backbone of its economy was agriculture, mostly small farms, and sometimes even subsistence farms...
  
  
• Banking in Cyprus
  • Central Bank of Cyprus
    Central Bank of Cyprus
    The Central Bank of Cyprus , is the central bank of the Republic of Cyprus, located in Nicosia. It was established in 1963. Its current governor is Mr. Athanasios Orphanides...
    
    
• Communications in Cyprus
  Communications in Cyprus
  -Telephony:Cyta, the state-owned telecommunications company manages most Telecommunications and Internet connections on the island. However, following the recent liberalization of the sector, a few private telecommunications companies have emerged....
  
  
  • Internet in Cyprus
    Internet in Cyprus
    In Cyprus, ADSL is the most widespread broadband technology with multiple providers offering packages that range from 512Kbps to 24Mbps.Cable broadband is also available in some urban locations with speeds up to 40Mbps....
    
    
• Companies of Cyprus

• Currency of Cyprus
  Currency
  In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
  
  : Euro
  Euro
  The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
  
   (see also: Euro topics)
  • ISO 4217
    ISO 4217
    ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Standards Organization, which delineates currency designators, country codes , and references to minor units in three tables:* Table A.1 – Current currency & funds code list...
    
    : EUR
    Euro
    The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
    
    

• Economic history of Cyprus
• Energy in Cyprus
  Energy in Cyprus
  Energy in Cyprus describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Cyprus. Energy policy of Cyprus will describe the politics of Cyprus related to energy more in detail...
  
  
  • Electricity Authority of Cyprus
    Electricity Authority of Cyprus
    The Electricity Authority of Cyprus , whose head office is located in Strovolos, currently holds a near monopoly on electricity generation in Cyprus...
    
    
  • Energy policy of Cyprus
  • Oil industry in Cyprus
• Health care in Cyprus
  Health care in Cyprus
  Health care in Cyprus accounted for 5.8% of GDP in Cyprus in 2002 of which 51% came from private resources compared with an average of just 25% in the rest of the EU.-Health indicators:...
  
  
• Mining in Cyprus
• Cyprus Stock Exchange
  Cyprus Stock Exchange
  The Cyprus Stock Exchange or CSE is a stock exchange located in Nicosia, Cyprus. It was established under the Cyprus Securities and Stock Exchange Law which provides for the development of the securities market in Cyprus and for the establishment and operation of the Cyprus Stock Exchange, and was...
  
  
• Tourism in Cyprus
  Tourism in Cyprus
  Tourism occupies a dominant position in the economy of Cyprus.* In 2006 it was expected to contribute 10.7% of GDP.* in real terms it generated CYP£2,598.2 mn ....
  
  
• Transport in Cyprus
  Transport in Cyprus
  Because Cyprus has no working railway system, various other methods of transportation are needed to ensure the proper delivery of any cargo, be it human or freight...
  
  
  • Airports in Cyprus
  • Rail transport in Cyprus
  • Roads in Cyprus
• Water supply and sanitation in Cyprus

See also

• Index of Cyprus-related articles
• List of Cyprus-related topics
• List of international rankings
• Member state of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Member state of the European Union
  Member State of the European Union
  A member state of the European Union is a state that is party to treaties of the European Union and has thereby undertaken the privileges and obligations that EU membership entails. Unlike membership of an international organisation, being an EU member state places a country under binding laws in...
  
  
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Akrotiri and Dhekelia
  Outline of Akrotiri and Dhekelia
  thumb|The location of [[Akrotiri]] and [[Dhekelia]]thumb|An enlargeable map of the [[Island of Cyprus]] showing [[Akrotiri]] and [[Dhekelia]]thumb|An enlargeable map of [[Akrotiri]]thumb|An enlargeable map of [[Dhekelia]]...
  
  
• Outline of Asia
  Outline of Asia
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Asia:Asia – world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...
  
  
• Outline of Europe
• Outline of geography
  Outline of geography
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
  
  
• Outline of Northern Cyprus
  Outline of Northern Cyprus
  The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is a de facto independent republic on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. Officially it is the northern territory of the Republic of Cyprus. The TRNC declared independence in 1983, nine years after a Greek Cypriot coup attempting to annex the island to...
  
  

External links

• Island Jewels: Understanding Ancient Cyprus and Crete Biblical Archaeology Review

Air Ambulance Cyprus

• Air Ambulance International. HI Flying aviation group

Government

• Cyprus Trade Centres Worldwide
• Cyprus High Commission Trade Centre - London
• Cypriot Diaspora Project
• Republic of Cyprus - English Language
• Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus
• Press and Information Office
• Annan Plan at annanplan.com

General information

• CIA World Factbook - Cyprus
• US State Department - Cyprus includes Background Notes, Country Study and major reports
• "The Cyprus Conflict" An extensive educational web site dedicated to the Cyprus Conflict
• The UN in Cyprus
• Top of the class - Cyprus Internet Directory

Official publications

• The British government's Foreign Affairs Committee report on Cyprus.
• Letter by the President of the Republic, Mr Tassos Papadopoulos, to the U.N. Secretary-General, Mr Kofi Annan, dated 7 June, which circulated as an official document of the U.N. Security Council
• Legal Issues arising from certain population transfers and displacements on the territory of the Republic of Cyprus in the period since 20 July 1974
• Address to Cypriots by President Papadopoulos (FULL TEXT)
• The Republic of Cyprus Press and Information Office, Aspects of the Cyprus Problem
• ΝΟΗΤΙΚΗ ΑΝΤΙΣΤΑΣΙΣ - Noitiki Antistasis, Non-affiliated news website focusing mainly on the effect of globalization and foreign interests on the Cyprus problem
• European Court of Human Rights Case of Cyprus v. Turkey (Application no. 25781/94)