The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide knowledge:

Knowledge

Knowledge

Knowledge is a familiarity with someone or something unknown, which can include information, facts, descriptions, or skills acquired through experience or education. It can refer to the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject...

– familiarity with someone or something, which can include fact

Fact

A fact is something that has really occurred or is actually the case. The usual test for a statement of fact is verifiability, that is whether it can be shown to correspond to experience. Standard reference works are often used to check facts...

s, information

Information

Information in its most restricted technical sense is a message or collection of messages that consists of an ordered sequence of symbols, or it is the meaning that can be interpreted from such a message or collection of messages. Information can be recorded or transmitted. It can be recorded as...

, descriptions

Description

Description is one of four rhetorical modes , along with exposition, argumentation, and narration. Each of the rhetorical modes is present in a variety of forms and each has its own purpose and conventions....

, and/or skills acquired through experience

Experience

Experience as a general concept comprises knowledge of or skill in or observation of some thing or some event gained through involvement in or exposure to that thing or event....

 or education

Education

Education in its broadest, general sense is the means through which the aims and habits of a group of people lives on from one generation to the next. Generally, it occurs through any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts...

. It can refer to the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); and it can be more or less formal or systematic.

Nature of knowledge

• A priori and a posteriori knowledge
• Descriptive knowledge
  Descriptive knowledge
  Descriptive knowledge, also declarative knowledge or propositional knowledge, is the species of knowledge that is, by its very nature, expressed in declarative sentences or indicative propositions...
  
  
• Extelligence
  Extelligence
  Extelligence is a term coined by Ian Stewart and Jack Cohen in their 1997 book Figments of Reality. They define it as all the cultural capital that is available to us in the form of tribal legends, folklore, nursery rhymes, books, videotapes, CD-ROMs, etc.They contrast extelligence with intelligence...
  
  
• Experience
  Experience
  Experience as a general concept comprises knowledge of or skill in or observation of some thing or some event gained through involvement in or exposure to that thing or event....
  
  
• Libre knowledge
  Libre knowledge
  Libre knowledge is knowledge which may be acquired, interpreted and applied freely. It can be re-formulated according to one's needs, and shared with others for community benefit....
  
  
• Metaknowledge
  Metaknowledge
  Metaknowledge or meta-knowledge is knowledge about a preselected knowledge.For the reason of different definitions of knowledge in the subject matter literature, meta-information is or is not included in meta-knowledge. Detailed cognitive, systemic and epistemic study of human knowledge requires a...
  
   (knowledge about knowledge)
• Procedural knowledge
  Procedural knowledge
  Procedural knowledge, also known as imperative knowledge, is the knowledge exercised in the performance of some task. See below for the specific meaning of this term in cognitive psychology and intellectual property law....
  
  
• Self-knowledge
• Tacit knowledge
  Tacit knowledge
  Tacit knowledge is knowledge that is difficult to transfer to another person by means of writing it down or verbalising it. For example, stating to someone that London is in the United Kingdom is a piece of explicit knowledge that can be written down, transmitted, and understood by a recipient...
  
  

Knowledge acquisition

Methods for attaining knowledge include:

• Exploration
  Exploration
  Exploration is the act of searching or traveling around a terrain for the purpose of discovery of resources or information. Exploration occurs in all non-sessile animal species, including humans...
  
  
  • Space exploration
  • Revelation
    Revelation
    In religion and theology, revelation is the revealing or disclosing, through active or passive communication with a supernatural or a divine entity...
    
    
  • Research
    Research
    Research can be defined as the scientific search for knowledge, or as any systematic investigation, to establish novel facts, solve new or existing problems, prove new ideas, or develop new theories, usually using a scientific method...
    
    
    • Scientific method
    • Experimentation

• Learning
  Learning
  Learning is acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals and some machines. Progress over time tends to follow learning curves.Human learning...
  
  
  • Reading
    Reading (process)
    Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols for the intention of constructing or deriving meaning . It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas...
    
    
  • Studying
    Study Skills
    Study skills or study strategies are approaches applied to learning. They are generally critical to success in school, are considered essential for acquiring good grades, and are useful for learning throughout one's life....
    
    
  • Knowledge building
    Knowledge building
    The Knowledge Building theory was created and developed by Carl Bereiter and Marlene Scardamalia for describing what a community of learners needs to accomplish in order to create knowledge...
    
    
    • Knowledge building communities
      Knowledge building communities
      A Knowledge Building Community is a community in which the primary goal is knowledge creation rather than the construction of specific products or the completion of tasks. This notion is fundamental in Knowledge building theory. If knowledge is not realized for a community than we do not have...
      
      

• Rejection

Knowledge storage

Knowledge can be stored in:

• Book
  Book
  A book is a set or collection of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of hot lava, paper, parchment, or other materials, usually fastened together to hinge at one side. A single sheet within a book is called a leaf or leaflet, and each side of a leaf is called a page...
  
  s
• Knowledge base
  Knowledge base
  A knowledge base is a special kind of database for knowledge management. A Knowledge Base provides a means for information to be collected, organised, shared, searched and utilised.-Types:...
  
  s
  • Wikipedia
    Wikipedia
    Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Its 20 million articles have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world. Almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site,...
    
    
• Knowledge representation
  Knowledge representation
  Knowledge representation is an area of artificial intelligence research aimed at representing knowledge in symbols to facilitate inferencing from those knowledge elements, creating new elements of knowledge...
  
   (AI)
• Libraries
  Library
  In a traditional sense, a library is a large collection of books, and can refer to the place in which the collection is housed. Today, the term can refer to any collection, including digital sources, resources, and services...
  
  
• Memory
  Memory
  In psychology, memory is an organism's ability to store, retain, and recall information and experiences. Traditional studies of memory began in the fields of philosophy, including techniques of artificially enhancing memory....
  
  

Knowledge retrieval

Stored knowledge can be retrieved by:

• Knowledge retrieval
  Knowledge retrieval
  Knowledge Retrieval seeks to return information in a structured form, consistent with human cognitive processes as opposed to simple lists of data items...
  
  
  • Knowledge discovery
    Knowledge discovery
    Knowledge discovery is a concept of the field of computer science that describes the process of automatically searching large volumes of data for patterns that can be considered knowledge about the data . It is often described as deriving knowledge from the input data...
    
    
• Knowledge transfer
  Knowledge transfer
  Knowledge transfer in the fields of organizational development and organizational learning is the practical problem of transferring knowledge from one part of the organization to another part of the organization. Like Knowledge Management, Knowledge transfer seeks to organize, create, capture or...
  
  
• Reading
  Reading (process)
  Reading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols for the intention of constructing or deriving meaning . It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas...
  
  
• Recollection
  Recollection
  Recall in memory refers to the retrieval of events or information from the past. Along with encoding and storage, it is one of the three core processes of memory. There are three main types of recall: free recall, cued recall and serial recall...
  
  

History of the knowledge of humankind

• Historiography
  Historiography
  Historiography refers either to the study of the history and methodology of history as a discipline, or to a body of historical work on a specialized topic...
  
   (History of history)
• History of exploration
  • History of space exploration
• History of invention
• History of philosophy
  History of philosophy
  The history of philosophy is the study of philosophical ideas and concepts through time. Issues specifically related to history of philosophy might include : How can changes in philosophy be accounted for historically? What drives the development of thought in its historical context? To what...
  
  
• History of science
  History of science
  The history of science is the study of the historical development of human understandings of the natural world and the domains of the social sciences....
  
  

Politics of knowledge

• Access to Knowledge movement
• Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities
  Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities
  The Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities is a major international statement on open access / access to knowledge. It emerged in 2003 from a conference on open access hosted in Berlin by the Max Planck Society. Organizations that commit to implementing this...
  
  
• The fifth freedom: free movement of knowledge
• New encyclopedism
  New encyclopedism
  New encyclopedism is a term used by English writer H. G. Wells in 1937 to describe a proposed modern movement for the codification of knowledge in encyclopedic format....
  
  
• Open access

Knowledge of humankind

• Humanities
  Humanities
  The humanities are academic disciplines that study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytical, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural sciences....
  
  
  • Classics
  • History
    • Language
      Language
      Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication...
      
      
  • Literature
  • Performing arts
    • Dance
    • Music
    • Theatre
  • Philosophy
  • Religion
  • Visual arts
    Outline of the visual arts
    The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the visual arts:Visual arts – class of art forms, including painting, sculpture, photography, printmaking and others, that focus on the creation of works which are primarily visual in nature. Visual Arts that produce...
    
    
    • Media type
    • Painting

• Science
  Outline of science
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science:Science – in the broadest sense refers to any system of objective knowledge...
  
  
  • Natural Sciences
    • Astronomy
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Sciences
    • Physics
  • Social Sciences
    Social sciences
    Social science is the field of study concerned with society. "Social science" is commonly used as an umbrella term to refer to a plurality of fields outside of the natural sciences usually exclusive of the administrative or managerial sciences...
    
    
    • Anthropology
      Outline of anthropology
      The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to anthropology:Anthropology – study of humanity. Anthropology has origins in the natural sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences...
      
      
    • Economics
      Outline of economics
      The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics:Economics – analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services...
      
      
    • Education
    • Geography
      Outline of geography
      The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
      
      
    • Health
    • Law
      • Jurisprudence
        Jurisprudence
        Jurisprudence is the theory and philosophy of law. Scholars of jurisprudence, or legal theorists , hope to obtain a deeper understanding of the nature of law, of legal reasoning, legal systems and of legal institutions...
        
        
    • Linguistics
    • Political science
      Outline of political science
      The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to politics:Politics – process by which groups of people make collective decisions...
      
      
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • Trade
      Trade
      Trade is the transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person or entity to another. Trade is sometimes loosely called commerce or financial transaction or barter. A network that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and...
      
      

Publications

• A Guide For The Perplexed
  A Guide for the Perplexed
  A Guide for the Perplexed is a short book by E. F. Schumacher, published in 1977. The title is a reference to Maimonides's The Guide for the Perplexed...
  
  – critique of materialist scientism
  Scientism
  Scientism refers to a belief in the universal applicability of the systematic methods and approach of science, especially the view that empirical science constitutes the most authoritative worldview or most valuable part of human learning to the exclusion of other viewpoints...
  
   and an exploration of the nature and organization of knowledge
  Knowledge
  Knowledge is a familiarity with someone or something unknown, which can include information, facts, descriptions, or skills acquired through experience or education. It can refer to the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject...
  
  . By E. F. Schumacher
  E. F. Schumacher
  Ernst Friedrich "Fritz" Schumacher was an internationally influential economic thinker, statistician and economist in Britain, serving as Chief Economic Advisor to the UK National Coal Board for two decades. His ideas became popularized in much of the English-speaking world during the 1970s...
  
  .
• Propædia
  Propædia
  The one-volume Propædia is the first of three parts of the 15th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica, the other two being the 12-volume Micropædia and the 17-volume Macropædia. The Propædia is intended as a topical organization of the Britannica's contents, complementary to the alphabetical...
  
   – first of three parts of the 15th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica
  Encyclopædia Britannica
  The Encyclopædia Britannica , published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia that is available in print, as a DVD, and on the Internet. It is written and continuously updated by about 100 full-time editors and more than 4,000 expert...
  
  , presenting its Outline of Knowledge.

External links