Oxford University (UK Parliament constituency)

Oxford University was a university constituency

University constituency

A university constituency is a constituency, used in elections to a legislature, that represents a university rather than a geographical area. University constituencies may involve plural voting, in which eligible voters are permitted to vote in both a university constituency and a geographical...

electing two members to the British House of Commons

British House of Commons

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...

, from 1603 to 1950.

Boundaries, Electorate and Electoral System

This university constituency was created by a Royal Charter of 1603. It was abolished in 1950 by the Representation of the People Act 1948

Representation of the People Act 1948

The Representation of the People Act 1948 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that altered the law relating to parliamentary and local elections...

.

The constituency was not a physical area. Its electorate consisted of the graduates of the University of Oxford

University of Oxford

The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...

. Before 1918 the franchise was restricted to male graduates with a Doctorate or MA degree. Namier and Brooke estimated the number of electors as about 500 in the 1754-1790 period.

The constituency returned two Members of Parliament

Member of Parliament

A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...

. From 1918, the MPs were elected by the Single Transferable Vote

Single transferable vote

The single transferable vote is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through preferential voting. Under STV, an elector's vote is initially allocated to his or her most preferred candidate, and then, after candidates have been either elected or eliminated, any surplus or...

method of Proportional Representation

Proportional representation

Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...

History

The university strongly supported the old Tory cause in the 18th century. The original party system endured long after it had become meaningless in almost every other constituency.

After the Hanoverian succession to the British throne the Whigs became dominant in the politics of Cambridge University

Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)

Cambridge University was a university constituency electing two members to the British House of Commons, from 1603 to 1950.-Boundaries, Electorate and Election Systems:...

, the other university represented in Parliament, by using a royal prerogative power to confer Doctorates. That power did not exist at Oxford, so the major part of the university electorate remained Tory (and in the first half of the 18th century sometimes Jacobite) in sympathy.

The university also valued its independence from government. In a rare contested general election in 1768 the two candidates with administration ties were defeated.

In the 19th century the university continued to support the right, almost always returning Tory, Conservative or Liberal Unionist candidates. The only exception was William Ewart Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time...

, formerly "the rising hope of the stern unbending Tories". He first represented the university as a Peelite, supporting a former member for the constituency - the sometime Conservative Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel. Gladstone retained his seat as a Liberal, for a time after 1859. Following Gladstone's defeat, in 1865, subsequent Liberal candidates were rare and they were never successful in winning a seat.

Even after the introduction of proportional representation, in 1918, both members continued to be Conservatives until 1935. Independent members were elected in the last phase of university elections to Parliament, before the constituency was abolished in 1950.

Members of Parliament

The politician Rayment names as Sir William Whitelocke is named by Sedgwick as Sir William Whitlock.

The roman numerals in brackets after the names of the two members called William Bromley (who were father and son) are included to distinguish them. It is not a method which would have been used by the men themselves.

Constituency created (1603)

Parliament of England 1604-1707

As there were sometimes significant gaps between Parliaments held in this period, the dates of first assembly and dissolution are given. Where the name of the member has not yet been ascertained, the entry unknown is entered in the table.

Elected	Assembled	Dissolved	First Member	Second Member
1604	19 March 1604	9 February 1611	Sir Thomas Crompton Thomas Crompton (died 1609) Sir Thomas Crompton was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1597 and 1609.Crompton was the son of Sir Thomas Crompton. He matriculated at St Alban Hall, Oxford under date 20 December 1577, aged19 and was awarded BA from Merton College, Oxford on 28...	Sir Daniel Donne Daniel Donne -Life:He was descended from John Dwnn of Radnorshire, was educated at Oxford, where he was a member of All Souls College, and was admitted to the degree of B.C.L. 14 July 1572. Eight years later the higher degree was conferred on him, when he became Principal of New Inn Hall.He entered the College... or Dun
1614	5 April 1614	7 June 1614	Sir John Bennet John Bennet (judge) Sir John Bennet was a judge and politician, whose career ended in disgrace after he was found guilty of extorting bribes and excessive fees.-Life:...
1620 or 1621	16 January 1621	8 February 1622		Sir Clement Edmondes Clement Edmondes Sir Clement Edmondes was an English government official and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1609 and 1622.-Background and education:...
1623 or 1624	12 February 1624	27 March 1625	Sir Isaac Wake Isaac Wake Sir Isaac Wake was an English diplomat and political commentator. He served as ambassador to Savoy for sixteen years, and later as ambassador to France.- Early life :...	Sir George Calvert George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore Sir George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, 8th Proprietary Governor of Newfoundland was an English politician and colonizer. He achieved domestic political success as a Member of Parliament and later Secretary of State under King James I...
1625	17 May 1625	12 August 1625	Sir Thomas Edmonds	Sir John Danvers John Danvers Sir John Danvers was an English courtier and politician. He was one of the signatories of the death warrant of Charles I.-Life:Danvers was third and youngest son of Sir John Danvers of Dauntsey, Wiltshire, by Elizabeth Danvers...
1626	6 February 1626	15 June 1626	Sir Thomas Edmonds
1628	17 March 1628	10 March 1629	Sir Henry Marten Henry Marten (politician) Sir Henry Marten was an English judge and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1625 and 1640.-Life:...
1640	13 April 1640	5 May 1640	Sir Francis Windebanke Francis Windebank Sir Francis Windebank was an English politician who was Secretary of State under Charles I.The only son of Sir Thomas Windebank of Hougham, Lincolnshire, who owed his advancement to the Cecil family, Francis entered St John's College, Oxford, in 1599, coming there under the influence of the...	Sir John Danvers John Danvers Sir John Danvers was an English courtier and politician. He was one of the signatories of the death warrant of Charles I.-Life:Danvers was third and youngest son of Sir John Danvers of Dauntsey, Wiltshire, by Elizabeth Danvers...
1640 Long Parliament The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and...	3 November 1640	5 December 1648	John Selden John Selden John Selden was an English jurist and a scholar of England's ancient laws and constitution and scholar of Jewish law...	Sir Thomas Roe Thomas Roe Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods. Roe was an accomplished scholar and a patron of learning.-Life:...
	6 December 1648 Rump Parliament The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason.... ^a	20 April 1653 ^b	unknown
1653 ^c	4 July 1653	12 December 1653	unrepresented in Barebones Parliament Barebones Parliament Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector...
1654 First Protectorate Parliament The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House.... ^d	3 September 1654	22 January 1655	John Owen DD
1656 ^e	17 September 1656	4 February 1658	Nathaniel Fiennes Nathaniel Fiennes Nathaniel Fiennes was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1659...
1658 or 1659	27 January 1659	22 April 1659	Matthew Hale	John Mylles John Mylles John Mylles was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660.Mylles was active in the parliamentary cause and was judge advocate for the army. Under the proceedings of the committee for the reformation of Oxford University, he was appointed prebendary of Christ Church,...
N/A ^f	7 May 1659	20 February 1660	unknown	unknown
N/A ^f	21 February 1660	16 March 1660	unknown	unknown
12 April 1660	25 April 1660	29 December 1660	Thomas Clayton Thomas Clayton (MP) Sir Thomas Clayton was an English doctor, academic and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.Clayton was the son of Thomas Clayton MD of Oxford. He matriculated at Pembroke College, Oxford on 25 May 1627, aged 15 and was awarded BA on 22 January 1629 and MA on 17 October 1631. He...	John Mylles John Mylles John Mylles was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1659 and 1660.Mylles was active in the parliamentary cause and was judge advocate for the army. Under the proceedings of the committee for the reformation of Oxford University, he was appointed prebendary of Christ Church,...
1 April 1661	8 May 1661	24 January 1679	Laurence Hyde Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester KG PC was an English statesman and writer. He was originally a supporter of James II but later supported the Glorious Revolution in 1688.-Early life:...	Sir Heneage Finch, Bt Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, PC , Lord Chancellor of England, was descended from the old family of Finch, many of whose members had attained high legal eminence, and was the eldest son of Sir Heneage Finch, recorder of London, by his first wife Frances Bell, daughter of Sir Edmond Bell of...
16 January 1674	8 May 1661	24 January 1679		Thomas Thynne
27 February 1679	6 March 1679	12 July 1679	Heneage Finch Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford, PC, KC was an English lawyer and statesman.-Early life:Second son of Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, he was educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he matriculated on November 18, 1664...	John Eddisbury
19 August 1679	21 October 1680	18 January 1681	Sir Leoline Jenkins	Charles Perrot
1681	21 March 1681	28 March 1681
1685	19 May 1685	2 June 1687
23 November 1685	19 May 1685	2 June 1687	George Clarke George Clarke George Clarke , the son of Sir William Clarke, enrolled at Brasenose College, Oxford in 1676. He was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1680. He became Judge Advocate to the Army and was William III of England's Secretary at War from 1690 to 1704...
7 January 1689	22 January 1689	6 February 1690	Heneage Finch Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford, PC, KC was an English lawyer and statesman.-Early life:Second son of Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, he was educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he matriculated on November 18, 1664...	Sir Thomas Clarges Thomas Clarges Sir Thomas Clarges was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1656 and 1695. He played an important part in bringing about the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.... ^g
1690	20 March 1690	11 October 1695
21 October 1695	22 November 1695	6 July 1698		Sir William Trumbull William Trumbull Sir William Trumbull was an English statesman who held high office as a member of the First Whig Junto.-Biography:...
23 July 1698	24 August 1698	19 December 1700	Sir Christopher Musgrave, Bt	Sir William Glynne, Bt Sir William Glynne, 2nd Baronet Sir William Glynne, 2nd Baronet was a Welsh lawyer and politician.The elder son of Sir William Glynne, 1st Baronet , he was educated at Oxford University, and was Member of Parliament for Oxford University from 1698 until 1701. He then represented the borough of Woodstock from 1702 until 1705, and...
3 January 1701	6 February 1701	11 November 1701	Sir Christopher Musgrave, Bt	Heneage Finch Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford, PC, KC was an English lawyer and statesman.-Early life:Second son of Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham, he was educated at Westminster School and at Christ Church, Oxford, where he matriculated on November 18, 1664...
21 March 1701	6 February 1701	11 November 1701	William Bromley (I) William Bromley (Speaker) Sir William Bromley was an English Tory politician. He was Speaker of the British House of Commons from 1710 to 1713 and Secretary of State for the Northern Department from 1713 to 1714....
1701	30 December 1701	2 July 1702
1702	20 August 1702	5 April 1705
22 November 1703	20 August 1702	5 April 1705		Sir William Whitelocke
1705	14 June 1705	1707 ^h		Sir William Whitelocke

Notes:-

^a Date of Pride's Purge
Pride's Purge
Pride’s Purge is an event in December 1648, during the Second English Civil War, when troops under the command of Colonel Thomas Pride forcibly removed from the Long Parliament all those who were not supporters of the Grandees in the New Model Army and the Independents...

, which converted the Long Parliament
Long Parliament
The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and...

into the Rump Parliament
Rump Parliament
The Rump Parliament is the name of the English Parliament after Colonel Pride purged the Long Parliament on 6 December 1648 of those members hostile to the Grandees' intention to try King Charles I for high treason....

.
^b Date when Oliver Cromwell dissolved the Rump Parliament by force.
^c Date when the members of the nominated or Barebones Parliament
Barebones Parliament
Barebone's Parliament, also known as the Little Parliament, the Nominated Assembly and the Parliament of Saints, came into being on 4 July 1653, and was the last attempt of the English Commonwealth to find a stable political form before the installation of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector...

were selected. The university was not represented in this body.
^d Date when the members of the First Protectorate Parliament
First Protectorate Parliament
The First Protectorate Parliament was summoned by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell under the terms of the Instrument of Government. It sat for one term from 3 September 1654 until 22 January 1655 with William Lenthall as the Speaker of the House....

were elected. The university was represented by one member in this body.
^e Date when the members of the Second Protectorate Parliament
Second Protectorate Parliament
The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons...

were elected. The university was represented by one member in this body.
^f The Rump Parliament was recalled and subsequently Pride's Purge was reversed, allowing the full Long Parliament to meet until it agreed to dissolve itself.
^g Clarges died on 4 October 1695, so the seat was vacant at the dissolution of 11 October 1695.
^h The MPs of the last Parliament of England
Parliament of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England. In 1066, William of Normandy introduced a feudal system, by which he sought the advice of a council of tenants-in-chief and ecclesiastics before making laws...

and 45 members co-opted from the former Parliament of Scotland
Parliament of Scotland
The Parliament of Scotland, officially the Estates of Parliament, was the legislature of the Kingdom of Scotland. The unicameral parliament of Scotland is first found on record during the early 13th century, with the first meeting for which a primary source survives at...

, became the House of Commons of the 1st Parliament of Great Britain which assembled on 23 October 1707 (see below for the members in that Parliament).

Parliaments of Great Britain 1707-1800 and of the United Kingdom 1801-1950

	First member	First party	Second member	Second party
1707	Sir William Whitlock	Tory	William Bromley [I William Bromley (Speaker) Sir William Bromley was an English Tory politician. He was Speaker of the British House of Commons from 1710 to 1713 and Secretary of State for the Northern Department from 1713 to 1714.... ] ¹	Tory
1717	George Clarke George Clarke George Clarke , the son of Sir William Clarke, enrolled at Brasenose College, Oxford in 1676. He was elected a Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford in 1680. He became Judge Advocate to the Army and was William III of England's Secretary at War from 1690 to 1704...	Tory		Tory
1732		Tory	Viscount Cornbury Henry Hyde, Viscount Cornbury Henry Hyde, Viscount Cornbury , styled Viscount Hyde from 1711 until 1723 and Viscount Cornbury thereafter, also 5th Baron Hyde in his own right, was a British author and politician....	Tory
1737	William Bromley (II) William Bromley (politician) William Bromley , was a British politician.Bromley was second son of William Bromley . He was elected upon the foundation at Westminster in 1714, at the age of 15. He was a member of Oriel College, Oxford, and was created D.C.L. on 19 May 1732.He was elected member for the borough of Warwick in 1727...	Tory
1737	Edward Butler	Tory
1745	Peregrine Palmer	Tory
1751	Peregrine Palmer	Tory	Sir Roger Newdigate, Bt Roger Newdigate Sir Roger Newdigate, 5th Baronet was an English politician and collector of antiquities.He was born in Arbury, Warwickshire, the son of Sir Richard Newdigate, 3rd Baronet and inherited the title 5th Baronet and the estates of Arbury and of Harefield in Middlesex on the early death of his brother...	Tory
1762	Sir Walter Bagot, Bt Sir Walter Bagot, 5th Baronet Sir Walter Wagstaffe Bagot, 5th Baronet was 5th Baronet in the Baronetcy of Blithfield in the Baronetage of England...	Tory
1768	Sir William Dolben, Bt Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet was a British MP and slavery abolitionist.He was born in Finedon, Northamptonshire, the only surviving son of Sir John Dolben, 2nd Baronet and his wife Elizabeth Digby. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating in 1744...	Tory
1768	Francis Page Francis Page Francis Page may refer to:Francis Page , Roman Catholic priest condemned to death at the same time as James Duckett Francis Page , MP for Huntingdon and a Justice of the Court of Common Pleas and King's Bench...	Tory
1780		Tory	Sir William Dolben, Bt Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet Sir William Dolben, 3rd Baronet was a British MP and slavery abolitionist.He was born in Finedon, Northamptonshire, the only surviving son of Sir John Dolben, 2nd Baronet and his wife Elizabeth Digby. He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating in 1744...	Tory
1801	Sir William Scott William Scott, 1st Baron Stowell William Scott, 1st Baron Stowell was an English judge and jurist.-Background and education:Scott was born at Heworth, a village about four miles from Newcastle upon Tyne, the son of a coalfitter . His younger brother John Scott became Lord Chancellor and was made Earl of Eldon...	Tory		Tory
1806 United Kingdom general election, 1806 The United Kingdom general election, 1806 was the election of members to the 3rd Parliament of the United Kingdom. This was the second general election to be held after the Union of Great Britain and Ireland....			Charles Abbot Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester Charles Abbot, 1st Baron Colchester PC, FRS was a British barrister and statesman. He served as Speaker of the House of Commons between 1802 and 1817.-Background and education:... ²	Tory
1817			Robert Peel Robert Peel Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet was a British Conservative statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 December 1834 to 8 April 1835, and again from 30 August 1841 to 29 June 1846...	Tory
1821	Richard Heber Richard Heber Richard Heber , English book-collector, the half-brother of Reginald Heber, was born in London.As an undergraduate at Brasenose College, Oxford, he began to collect a purely classical library, but his taste broadening, he became interested in early English drama and literature, and began his...	Tory
1826	Thomas Grimston Bucknall Estcourt ³	Tory
1829		Tory	Sir Robert Harry Inglis, Bt Robert Inglis Sir Robert Harry Inglis, 2nd Baronet FRS was an English Conservative politician, noted for his staunch High church views.He was the son of Sir Hugh Inglis, a minor politician and MP for Ashburton... ³	Tory
1835 United Kingdom general election, 1835 The 1835 United Kingdom general election was called when Parliament was dissolved on 29 December 1834. Polling took place between 6 January and 6 February 1835, and the results saw Robert Peel's Conservatives make large gains from their low of the 1832 election, but the Whigs maintained a large...		Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...		Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1847 United Kingdom general election, 1847 -Seats summary:-References:* F. W. S. Craig, British Electoral Facts: 1832-1987* British Electoral Facts 1832-1999, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher *...	William Ewart Gladstone William Ewart Gladstone William Ewart Gladstone FRS FSS was a British Liberal statesman. In a career lasting over sixty years, he served as Prime Minister four separate times , more than any other person. Gladstone was also Britain's oldest Prime Minister, 84 years old when he resigned for the last time... ⁴	Peelite Peelite The Peelites were a breakaway faction of the British Conservative Party, and existed from 1846 to 1859. They were called "Peelites" because they were initially led by Sir Robert Peel, who was the British Prime Minister and Conservative Party leader in 1846....
1854			Sir William Heathcote, Bt Sir William Heathcote, 5th Baronet Sir William Heathcote, 5th Baronet PC , was a British landowner and Conservative politician.-Background and education:...	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1859		Liberal Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was one of the two major political parties of the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a third party of negligible importance throughout the latter half of the 20th Century, before merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to form the present day...
1865 United Kingdom general election, 1865 The 1865 United Kingdom general election saw the Liberals, led by Lord Palmerston, increase their large majority over the Earl of Derby's Conservatives to more than 80. The Whig Party changed its name to the Liberal Party between the previous election and this one.Palmerston died later in the same...	Gathorne Hardy	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1868 United Kingdom general election, 1868 The 1868 United Kingdom general election was the first after passage of the Reform Act 1867, which enfranchised many male householders, thus greatly increasing the number of men who could vote in elections in the United Kingdom...	Gathorne Hardy		Sir John Robert Mowbray, Bt	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1878	John Gilbert Talbot John Gilbert Talbot John Gilbert Talbot PC , was a British Conservative Party politician.-Background:Talbot was the son of the Honourable John Chetwynd-Talbot, fourth son of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 2nd Earl Talbot...	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...	Sir John Robert Mowbray, Bt
1899			Sir William Reynell Anson, Bt ⁵	Liberal Unionist
1910	Lord Hugh Cecil Hugh Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood Hugh Richard Heathcote Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood PC , styled Lord Hugh Cecil until 1941, was a British Conservative Party politician.-Background and education:... ⁶	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...		Liberal Unionist
1912				Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1914			Rowland Prothero Rowland Prothero, 1st Baron Ernle Rowland Edmund Prothero, 1st Baron Ernle MVO, PC was a British agricultural expert, administrator, journalist, author and Conservative politician.-Background and education:...	Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1918 United Kingdom general election, 1918 The United Kingdom general election of 1918 was the first to be held after the Representation of the People Act 1918, which meant it was the first United Kingdom general election in which nearly all adult men and some women could vote. Polling was held on 14 December 1918, although the count did...		Coalition Conservative		Coalition Conservative
1919		Coalition Conservative	Sir Charles Oman Charles Oman Sir Charles William Chadwick Oman was a British military historian of the early 20th century. His reconstructions of medieval battles from the fragmentary and distorted accounts left by chroniclers were pioneering...	Coalition Conservative
1922 United Kingdom general election, 1922 The United Kingdom general election of 1922 was held on 15 November 1922. It was the first election held after most of the Irish counties left the United Kingdom to form the Irish Free State, and was won by Andrew Bonar Law's Conservatives, who gained an overall majority over Labour, led by John...		Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...		Conservative Conservative Party (UK) The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...
1935 United Kingdom general election, 1935 The United Kingdom general election held on 14 November 1935 resulted in a large, though reduced, majority for the National Government now led by Conservative Stanley Baldwin. The greatest number of MPs, as before, were Conservative, while the National Liberal vote held steady...			Sir Alan Patrick Herbert A. P. Herbert Sir Alan Patrick Herbert, CH was an English humorist, novelist, playwright and law reform activist...	Independent
1937	Sir Arthur Salter	Independent		Independent

Constituency abolished (1950)

Notes:-

¹ Bromley had represented the university since a by-election in March 1701. He was Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker of the British House of Commons
The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is John Bercow, who was elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin...

1710-1713.
² Abbot was Speaker of the House of Commons 1802-1817.
³ Estcourt and Inglis are regarded as Conservative MPs from 1835, as this was the approximate date when the Tory Party became known as the Conservative Party.
⁴ Gladstone accepted office in a Liberal ministry in 1859, thus vacating the seat he had held (as a Peelite MP - more formally a Liberal Conservative). He was re-elected as a Liberal candidate.
⁵ Anson became a Conservative MP when the Liberal Unionists formally merged with the Conservatives in 1912.
⁶ Cecil joined the non-Coalition wing of his party at some point during the 1918-1922 Parliament.

Elections

1710s – 1720s – 1730s – 1740s – 1750s – 1760s – 1770s – 1780s –
1790s – 1800s – 1810s – 1820s – 1830s – 1840s – 1850s – 1860s – 1870s – 1880s –
1890s – 1900s – 1910s – 1920s – 1930s – 1940s

Elections in the 1710s

Note (1715): Bromley had been Speaker of the House of Commons
Speaker of the British House of Commons
The Speaker of the House of Commons is the presiding officer of the House of Commons, the United Kingdom's lower chamber of Parliament. The current Speaker is John Bercow, who was elected on 22 June 2009, following the resignation of Michael Martin...

1710-1713.
Death of Whitlock

Elections in the 1720s

Note (1722): Stooks Smith records the votes as Bromley 278, Clarke 213 and King 142.

Elections in the 1730s

Death of Bromley

Death of Clarke

Death of Bromley

Elections in the 1740s

Death of Butler

Elections in the 1750s

Summons to the House of Lords of Cornbury, by writ in acceleration
Writ of acceleration
A writ in acceleration, commonly called a writ of acceleration, was a type of writ of summons to the British House of Lords that enabled the eldest son and heir apparent of a peer with multiple peerage titles to attend the British House of Lords or Irish House of Lords, using one of his father's...

for his father's subsidiary title of Lord Hyde
Earl of Clarendon
Earl of Clarendon is a title that has been created twice in British history, in 1661 and 1776. The title was created for the first time in the Peerage of England in 1661 for the statesman Edward Hyde, 1st Baron Hyde...

Note (1751): Stooks Smith records Turner's vote as 47.

Elections in the 1760s

Death of Palmer

Death of Bagot

Elections in the 1770s

Elections in the 1780s

Elections in the 1790s

Elections in the 1800s

Resignation of Page

Elections in the 1810s

Creation of Abbot as the 1st Lord Colchester
Baron Colchester
Baron Colchester, of Colchester in the County of Essex, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1817 for Charles Abbot, Speaker of the House of Commons between 1802 and 1817. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He was a naval commander and Conservative...

Elections in the 1820s

Creation of Scott as the 1st Lord Stowell

Seat vacated on the appointment of Peel as Secretary of State for the Home Department

Resignation of Heber

Seat vacated on the appointment of Peel as Secretary of State for the Home Department

Resignation of Peel

Note (1829): Stooks Smith records that the polls were open for three days.

Elections in the 1830s

Elections in the 1840s

Note (1841): McCalmont classifies Inglis as a Peelite candidate, at this election.

Note (1847): Poll 5 days. (Source for this note and the number of voters: Stooks Smith). McCalmont classifies Inglis as a Peelite and Gladstone as a Liberal Conservative candidate, at this election.

Elections in the 1850s

Note (1852): Minimum possible turnout estimated by dividing votes by 2. To the extent that electors did not use both their votes, the figure will be an underestimate. McCalmont classifies Gladstone as a Liberal Conservative candidate, at this election.
Seat vacated on the appointment of Gladstone as Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...

Resignation of Inglis. McCalmont classifies Gladstone as a Liberal Conservative candidate, at this election.

Seat vacated on the appointment of Gladstone as Lord High Commissioner to the Ionian Islands. McCalmont classifies Gladstone as a Liberal Conservative candidate, at this election.

Seat vacated on the appointment of Gladstone as Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer
The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...

. McCalmont classifies Gladstone as a Liberal candidate, at this election.

Elections in the 1860s

Note (1865): Turnout estimated in the same way as for the 1852 election.
Seat vacated on the appointment of Hardy as President of the Poor Law Board

Seat vacated on the appointment of Hardy as Secretary of State for the Home Department

Elections in the 1870s

Seat vacated on the appointment of Hardy as Secretary of State for War
Secretary of State for War
The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a British cabinet-level position, first held by Henry Dundas . In 1801 the post became that of Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. The position was re-instated in 1854...

Creation of Hardy as the 1st Viscount Cranbrook
Earl of Cranbrook
Earl of Cranbrook, in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1892 for the prominent Conservative politician Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Viscount Cranbrook. He notably held office as Home Secretary, Secretary of State for War and Secretary of State...

Elections in the 1880s

Elections in the 1890s

Death of Mowbray

Elections in the 1900s

Elections in the 1910s

Anson became a Conservative MP in 1912 when the Liberal Unionist Party formally merged with the Conservative Party.
Death of Anson

Electorate expanded and elections using the bloc vote
Plurality-at-large voting
Plurality-at-large voting is a non-proportional voting system for electing several representatives from a single multimember electoral district using a series of check boxes and tallying votes similar to a plurality election...

replaced by those using the single transferable vote
Single transferable vote
The single transferable vote is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through preferential voting. Under STV, an elector's vote is initially allocated to his or her most preferred candidate, and then, after candidates have been either elected or eliminated, any surplus or...

, by the Representation of the People Act 1918
Representation of the People Act 1918
The Representation of the People Act 1918 was an Act of Parliament passed to reform the electoral system in the United Kingdom. It is sometimes known as the Fourth Reform Act...

, from the United Kingdom general election, 1918
United Kingdom general election, 1918
The United Kingdom general election of 1918 was the first to be held after the Representation of the People Act 1918, which meant it was the first United Kingdom general election in which nearly all adult men and some women could vote. Polling was held on 14 December 1918, although the count did...

.

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Creation of Prothero as 1st Lord Ernle

Elections in the 1920s

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Elections in the 1930s

Distribution of Cecil's surplus

Distribution of Stocks' votes

Resignation of Cecil

Elections in the 1940s

Constituency abolished (1950)

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.