Oxydactylus
Encyclopedia
Oxydactylus, is an extinct terrestrial
herbivorous genus of the tribe
Camelini
, family
Camelidae, endemic to North America
Oligocene
through the Middle Miocene
(30.8–13.6 mya) and in existence for approximately .
Oxydactylus is from the Ancient Greek
οξύς (oxys, "sharp")and δάκτυλος (daktylos, "finger")
Four specimens were examined by M. Mendoza, C. M. Janis, and P. Palmqvist for estimated body mass.
Terrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...
herbivorous genus of the tribe
Tribe (biology)
In biology, a tribe is a taxonomic rank between family and genus. It is sometimes subdivided into subtribes.Some examples include the tribes: Canini, Acalypheae, Hominini, Bombini, and Antidesmeae.-See also:* Biological classification* Rank...
Camelini
Camelini
Camelini is a tribe of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to Asia, North America, and Africa from the Pliocene to the present. It includes the living genus Camelus as the type genus.-Taxonomy:...
, family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
Camelidae, endemic to North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
Oligocene
Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 34 million to 23 million years before the present . As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the period are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the period are slightly...
through the Middle Miocene
Middle Miocene
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene....
(30.8–13.6 mya) and in existence for approximately .
Oxydactylus is from the Ancient Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
οξύς (oxys, "sharp")and δάκτυλος (daktylos, "finger")
Taxonomy
Oxydactylus was named by Peterson in 1904. Its type is Oxydactylus longipes. It was assigned to Camelidae by Peterson (1904) and Carroll (1988).Morphology
They had very long legs and necks, and were probably adapted to eating high vegetation, much like modern giraffes. Unlike modern camelids, they had hooves, rather than tough sole-pads and splayed toes.Four specimens were examined by M. Mendoza, C. M. Janis, and P. Palmqvist for estimated body mass.
- Specimen 1: 183.3 kg (404.1 lb)
- Specimen 2: 115.9 kg (255.5 lb)
- Specimen 3: 116.5 kg (256.8 lb)
- Specimen 4: 126.3 kg (278.4 lb)
Species
O. benedentatus (syn. Procamelus concerptus), O. cameloides, O. campestris, O. lacota, O. longipes (type species), O. longirostris, O. lulli, O. wyomingensisSister genera
- AepycamelusAepycamelusAepycamelus is an extinct genus of camelid, formerly called Alticamelus which lived during the Miocene 20.6-4.9 Ma existing for approximately ....
(syn. Alticamelus, Homocamelus) - AguascalientiaAguascalientiaAguascalientia is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Early Miocene 23.030—20.6 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- AlforjasAlforjasAlforjas is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Miocene through Pliocene 10.30—5.3 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- AustralocamelusAustralocamelusAustralocamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Miocene 16.3—13.6 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- BlancocamelusBlancocamelusBlancocamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Pliocene through Pleistocene 4.9 mya—300,000 years ago, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- CamelopsCamelopsCamelops is an extinct genus of camels that once roamed western North America, where it disappeared at the end of the Pleistocene about 10,000 years ago. Its name is derived from the Greek κάμελος + , thus "camel-face."-Background:...
- CuyamacamelusCuyamacamelusCuyamacamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Miocene 23.03—5.3 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- EulamaopsEulamaopsEulamaops is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore in the family Camelidae, endemic to South America during the Pleistocene 800,000—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- FloridatragulusFloridatragulusFloridatragulus is an extinct genus of Camelid. It lived in North America during the Miocene, about 20.6—15.9 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:Floridatragulus was named by White...
(syn. Hypermekops) - GentilicamelusGentilicamelusGentilicamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the mid-Oligocene through Early Miocene 30.8—20.6 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:Gentilicamelus was named by Loomis...
- GigantocamelusGigantocamelusGigantocamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Pliocene through Pleistocene 4.9 mya—300,000 years ago existing for approximately ....
- HesperocamelusHesperocamelusHesperocamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Pliocene through Pleistocene 23.03—5.33 mya existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- MegacamelusMegacamelusMegacamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore in the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Miocene through Pliocene 10.3—4.9 mya, existing for approximately .This was the largest species of Camelid to roam the Earth.-Taxonomy:...
- MegatylopusMegatylopusMegatylopus is an extinct and large genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Miocene through Late Pliocene—Early Pleistocene boundary 13.6—1.8 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- MicheniaMicheniaMichenia is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Pliocene through Pleistocene 24.8—4.9 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- MiotylopusMiotylopusMiotylopus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Late Oligocene through Early Miocene 24.8—20.6 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
(syn. Dyseotylopus) - NothokemasNothokemasNothokemas is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene through Miocene 30.8— 20.430 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- Palauchenia
- ParacamelusParacamelusParacamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to Africa, Europe, and Asia from the Pliocene through Pleistocene 5.33 mya—781,000 years ago existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- ParalabisParalabisParalabis is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene 33.3—30.8 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- ParatylopusParatylopusParatylopus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Eocene through Oligocene 38.0—30.8, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- PliaucheniaPliaucheniaPliauchenia is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Miocene 13.6—5.330 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- PoebrodonPoebrodonPoebrodon is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Pliocene through Pleistocene 46.2—42.0 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:Poebrodon was named by Gazin...
- PoebrotheriumPoebrotheriumPoebrotherium is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Eocene through Oligocene 38—30.8 mya, existing for approximately .-Discovery and history:...
- PriscocamelusPriscocamelusPriscocamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene through Miocene 24.8—20.6 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- ProcamelusProcamelusProcamelus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene through Miocene 20.6—4.9 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:Priscocamelus was named by Leidy . It is not extant...
- ProtolabisProtolabisProtolabis is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene through Miocene 30.8—10.3 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- PseudolabisPseudolabisPseudolabis is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Oligocene through Miocene 24.8—20.6 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- TanymykterTanymykterTanymykter is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America during the Miocene 23.030—20.6 mya, existing for approximately .-Taxonomy:...
- TitanotylopusTitanotylopusTitanotylopus is an extinct genus of terrestrial herbivore the family Camelidae, endemic to North America from the Miocene through Pleistocene 10.3 mya—300,000 years ago, existing for approximately ....