PKP class ET22
Encyclopedia
PKP class ET22 is a Polish
six-axle electric freight locomotive
built by Pafawag
from 1969 to 1989.. Due to the sharp drop in heavy industry production (and hence cargo transport) after 1989, this class is now also frequently used for passenger service.
started the production of EU07
The Rolling-stock Industry Central Bureau of Construction (Pl.
: Centralne Biuro Konstrukcyjne Przemysłu Taboru Kolejowego) began to develop a new heavy Co-Co locomotive. The electrical part of the locomotive including the traction motors was based on the equipment used in EU07
locomotive.
The first two prototype
s of the class 201E were ready in 1969. Large scale production started in 1971 PKP
bought 1183 locomotive until the production was ceased in 1989. This made the ET22 class one of the largest locomotive series built in Europe
, trailing to some 8000 pieces of Russian Class TEM2 and Class CHME3 (built in Czechoslovakia).
During the production the design of the ET22 locomotive was slightly altered. Some changes were also made during repair and maintenance.
The body of the locomotives in use is different from the prototypes. There are two basic types of locomotive bodies where the main differences are the size and placement of the side windows, resistors, air intakes and ventilation grids. The older body design was used in locomotives with serial numbers below 240.
In 1973 Pafawag
built a prototype locomotive of the building type 201Ea-53, which had a different transmission for top speed 160 km/h. The locomotive was classified as EP23-001. After a series of tests the decision was made not to continue the production. Possible causes are problems in shunting operation and adhesion. The prototype was rebuilt as ET22-121 in place of former 121 locomotive scraped in 1977. Today this locomotive is conserved in Jaworzyna Śląska
railway museum.
Another two prototype locomotives were produced 1977 as building type 201Ec-1 and 201Ec-2. Main changes introduced were a modernised secondary suspension, multiple unit control and several small modernisations, like automatic door control. Those locomotives were first given the numbers 301 and 302. As the production of ET22 continued, those were renumbered to 501 and 502, than to 701 and 702 and finally to 1001 and 1002, which they still bear today.
In the 1980s PKP
needed locomotives for passenger service. Since the freight service declined, the ET22 could be used for passenger service. They were fitted with main reservoir pipes required for the automatic door control of the passenger coaches.
In 2004 the locomotive ET22-2000 was modernised in Gliwice
. Main modifications affected the electrical and mechanical main components as well as the driver's cab which was equipped with a modern computerised control system and joystick
s. The locomotive is painted in PKP Cargo
colours.
service. Technical features enable this engine to pull heavy freight trains of up to 3150 t. with speed of 70 km/h. Trains of up to 2700 t. are able to be pulled at 80 km/h. When used as passenger locomotive it can pull trains weighing up to 700 t at 125 km/h. This being caused by several features and solutions based on passenger EU07
and EU06
locomotives.
Four EE-451A engines are isolated in H class with maximum temperature allowed of 180°C. They have four main and four commutative poles.
Because of its length and distance between axles ET22 locomotive performs poorly on tight curves, unlike the older ET21
locomotives, despite the fact that the designers were requested the same parameters for minimum curve diameter. Driving ET22 at winding tracks causes severe damage both to rails and locomotive drivers. This forced several modifications, which are made presently. Such changes are essential, as fewer and fewer ET21 locomotives stay in service and ET41
are ineffective on highland tracks due to serious loss of power.
Most, but not all, locomotives are painted with a narrow yellow stripe on the front and massive letters and figures used for classification and serial numbers
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
six-axle electric freight locomotive
Locomotive
A locomotive is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. The word originates from the Latin loco – "from a place", ablative of locus, "place" + Medieval Latin motivus, "causing motion", and is a shortened form of the term locomotive engine, first used in the early 19th...
built by Pafawag
Pafawag
Pafawag is a Polish locomotive manufacturer based in Wrocław. The company became part of Adtranz in 1997 as Adtranz Pafawag, and in 2001 part of Bombardier Transportation...
from 1969 to 1989.. Due to the sharp drop in heavy industry production (and hence cargo transport) after 1989, this class is now also frequently used for passenger service.
History
Soon after PafawagPafawag
Pafawag is a Polish locomotive manufacturer based in Wrocław. The company became part of Adtranz in 1997 as Adtranz Pafawag, and in 2001 part of Bombardier Transportation...
started the production of EU07
PKP class EU07
EU07 is the name for a Polish electric locomotive in service of the Polish railway operator PKP. This locomotive was designed as universal locomotive, and as such is used in both for freight and passenger traffic.-Technical data:...
The Rolling-stock Industry Central Bureau of Construction (Pl.
Polish language
Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...
: Centralne Biuro Konstrukcyjne Przemysłu Taboru Kolejowego) began to develop a new heavy Co-Co locomotive. The electrical part of the locomotive including the traction motors was based on the equipment used in EU07
PKP class EU07
EU07 is the name for a Polish electric locomotive in service of the Polish railway operator PKP. This locomotive was designed as universal locomotive, and as such is used in both for freight and passenger traffic.-Technical data:...
locomotive.
The first two prototype
Prototype
A prototype is an early sample or model built to test a concept or process or to act as a thing to be replicated or learned from.The word prototype derives from the Greek πρωτότυπον , "primitive form", neutral of πρωτότυπος , "original, primitive", from πρῶτος , "first" and τύπος ,...
s of the class 201E were ready in 1969. Large scale production started in 1971 PKP
Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
bought 1183 locomotive until the production was ceased in 1989. This made the ET22 class one of the largest locomotive series built in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
, trailing to some 8000 pieces of Russian Class TEM2 and Class CHME3 (built in Czechoslovakia).
During the production the design of the ET22 locomotive was slightly altered. Some changes were also made during repair and maintenance.
The body of the locomotives in use is different from the prototypes. There are two basic types of locomotive bodies where the main differences are the size and placement of the side windows, resistors, air intakes and ventilation grids. The older body design was used in locomotives with serial numbers below 240.
In 1973 Pafawag
Pafawag
Pafawag is a Polish locomotive manufacturer based in Wrocław. The company became part of Adtranz in 1997 as Adtranz Pafawag, and in 2001 part of Bombardier Transportation...
built a prototype locomotive of the building type 201Ea-53, which had a different transmission for top speed 160 km/h. The locomotive was classified as EP23-001. After a series of tests the decision was made not to continue the production. Possible causes are problems in shunting operation and adhesion. The prototype was rebuilt as ET22-121 in place of former 121 locomotive scraped in 1977. Today this locomotive is conserved in Jaworzyna Śląska
Jaworzyna Slaska
Jaworzyna Śląska is a town in Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district called Gmina Jaworzyna Śląska. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany. The town lies approximately north of Świdnica, and south-west of the regional...
railway museum.
Another two prototype locomotives were produced 1977 as building type 201Ec-1 and 201Ec-2. Main changes introduced were a modernised secondary suspension, multiple unit control and several small modernisations, like automatic door control. Those locomotives were first given the numbers 301 and 302. As the production of ET22 continued, those were renumbered to 501 and 502, than to 701 and 702 and finally to 1001 and 1002, which they still bear today.
In the 1980s PKP
Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
needed locomotives for passenger service. Since the freight service declined, the ET22 could be used for passenger service. They were fitted with main reservoir pipes required for the automatic door control of the passenger coaches.
In 2004 the locomotive ET22-2000 was modernised in Gliwice
Gliwice
Gliwice is a city in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Gliwice is the west district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union – a metropolis with a population of 2 million...
. Main modifications affected the electrical and mechanical main components as well as the driver's cab which was equipped with a modern computerised control system and joystick
Joystick
A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. Joysticks, also known as 'control columns', are the principal control in the cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a center stick or...
s. The locomotive is painted in PKP Cargo
PKP Cargo
PKP Cargo is a company of the PKP Group in Poland responsible for freight transport. It owns 3,549 locomotives and 50,731 freight wagons. It is the largest railway cargo carrier in Poland, and second largest in the European Union...
colours.
Technical data
ET22 is classified as a highly efficient freight locomotive. Its maximum continuous power is 3000 kW and it is the biggest single-box Co-Co locomotive in PKPPolskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
service. Technical features enable this engine to pull heavy freight trains of up to 3150 t. with speed of 70 km/h. Trains of up to 2700 t. are able to be pulled at 80 km/h. When used as passenger locomotive it can pull trains weighing up to 700 t at 125 km/h. This being caused by several features and solutions based on passenger EU07
PKP class EU07
EU07 is the name for a Polish electric locomotive in service of the Polish railway operator PKP. This locomotive was designed as universal locomotive, and as such is used in both for freight and passenger traffic.-Technical data:...
and EU06
PKP class EU06
EU06 is a class of electric locomotives in service with the Polish state railway PKP.-Technical details:EU06 has driving cabs at both ends. The locomotives are equipped for multiple working which allows one driver to drive two coupled engines from one cab. One locomotive can haul passenger trains...
locomotives.
Four EE-451A engines are isolated in H class with maximum temperature allowed of 180°C. They have four main and four commutative poles.
Because of its length and distance between axles ET22 locomotive performs poorly on tight curves, unlike the older ET21
PKP class ET21
PKP ET21 is a name for a Polish electric freight locomotive produced between years 1957 - 1971 in Pafawag. It was the first post-war Polish electric locomotive, designed in 1955...
locomotives, despite the fact that the designers were requested the same parameters for minimum curve diameter. Driving ET22 at winding tracks causes severe damage both to rails and locomotive drivers. This forced several modifications, which are made presently. Such changes are essential, as fewer and fewer ET21 locomotives stay in service and ET41
PKP class ET41
ET41 is the name for a Polish electric locomotive used by the Polish railway operator . Three such locomotives were briefly rented to the Croatian Railways between 1995 and 1996 and were given the designation HŽ series 1081 there.-History:...
are ineffective on highland tracks due to serious loss of power.
Most, but not all, locomotives are painted with a narrow yellow stripe on the front and massive letters and figures used for classification and serial numbers
Nicknames
- Byk (bullBullBull usually refers to an uncastrated adult male bovine.Bull may also refer to:-Entertainment:* Bull , an original show on the TNT Network* "Bull" , an episode of television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation...
) - because of its size - Rekin (sharkSharkSharks are a type of fish with a full cartilaginous skeleton and a highly streamlined body. The earliest known sharks date from more than 420 million years ago....
) - only halogen light version