POPmail
Encyclopedia
POPmail was an early e-mail client written at the University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It is the oldest and largest part of the University of Minnesota system and has the fourth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 52,557...

. The original version was a Hypercard
HyperCard
HyperCard is an application program created by Bill Atkinson for Apple Computer, Inc. that was among the first successful hypermedia systems before the World Wide Web. It combines database capabilities with a graphical, flexible, user-modifiable interface. HyperCard also features HyperTalk, written...

 stack that acted as a Post Office Protocol
Post Office Protocol
In computing, the Post Office Protocol is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection. POP and IMAP are the two most prevalent Internet standard protocols for e-mail retrieval. Virtually all modern...

 client. Later versions of POPmail were written as normal Macintosh applications, and a PC version of POPmail was also released. POPmail and Eudora
Eudora (e-mail client)
Eudora is an e-mail client used on the Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating systems. It also supports several palmtop computing platforms, including Newton and the Palm OS....

were both instrumental in moving higher education e-mail use away from terminal-based user interfaces and into a client server/GUI metaphor.

Searches of USENET news from the late 1980s-early 1990s http://groups.google.com/groups?q=popmail+hypercard&start=0&hl=en&lr=&safe=off&num=100&as_drrb=b&as_mind=1&as_minm=1&as_miny=1981&as_maxd=22&as_maxm=2&as_maxy=1992&filter=0 http://groups.google.com/groups?as_q=eudora&num=100&scoring=r&hl=en&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_ugroup=&as_usubject=&as_uauthors=&lr=&as_qdr=&as_drrb=b&as_mind=1&as_minm=1&as_miny=1981&as_maxd=22&as_maxm=2&as_maxy=1992&safe=off illustrate the early adoption of TCP/IP-based mail clients, and increasing popularity of this approach in the early 1990s.
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