Paglicci 23
Encyclopedia
Paglicci 23 is the name for human remains
found in Paglicci Cave
in Apulia
, Italy
that have been dated to 28,000 years Before Present
.
In 2008, a scientific team led by David Caramelly tested Paglicci 23 and found that mtDNA sequences corresponding to positions
16024-16383 were identical to the Cambridge Reference Sequence
. The result was exhaustively tested for possible contamination and replicated in a separate test.
The paper does not assign any haplogroup to the results as the mtDNA segment is too small to draw any conclusions in this regard. Many haplogroups, however, are defined by mutations in this segment as indicated in the table below.
As a result, the sample can confirm that the mtDNA does not correspond to any of the above modern extant haplogroups. The sample is however confirmed to belong to haplogroup R: 16263 is a critical marker for haplogroup R. The sample does not rule out nor confirm that the sample may belong to haplogroup H as this group is distinguished from haplogroup R by mutations at position 73 which has not been replicated in this study. The haplogroup R node and the CRS sequence are disinguished by various mutations outside the sequenced region.
Human Remains
Human Remains is a British black comedy television series written by and starring Rob Brydon and Julia Davis. It consisted of six episodes that aired in 2000. Each episode documented the relationship of a different couple, all of whom were played by Brydon and Davis and all but two of whom were...
found in Paglicci Cave
Paglicci Cave
Paglicci cave is an archeological site situated near Rignano Garganico, Apulia, southern Italy. The cave, discovered in the 1950s, is the most important cave of Gargano.- Description :...
in Apulia
Apulia
Apulia is a region in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. Its most southern portion, known as Salento peninsula, forms a high heel on the "boot" of Italy. The region comprises , and...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
that have been dated to 28,000 years Before Present
Before Present
Before Present years is a time scale used in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events in the past occurred. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use AD 1950 as the origin of the age scale, reflecting the fact that radiocarbon...
.
In 2008, a scientific team led by David Caramelly tested Paglicci 23 and found that mtDNA sequences corresponding to positions
16024-16383 were identical to the Cambridge Reference Sequence
Cambridge Reference Sequence
The Cambridge Reference Sequence for human mitochondrial DNA was first published in 1981 leading to the initiation of the human genome project.A group under Dr...
. The result was exhaustively tested for possible contamination and replicated in a separate test.
The paper does not assign any haplogroup to the results as the mtDNA segment is too small to draw any conclusions in this regard. Many haplogroups, however, are defined by mutations in this segment as indicated in the table below.
| Haplogroup | Position of defining mutation |
|---|---|
| JT | 16126 |
| U1 | 16249 |
| U2 | 16051, 16129C |
| U3 | 16343 |
| U4 | 16356 |
| U5 | 16270 |
| U6 | 16172, 16219 |
| U7 | 16318,T |
| K | 16224, 16311 |
| B | 16189, 16217 |
| F | 16304 |
As a result, the sample can confirm that the mtDNA does not correspond to any of the above modern extant haplogroups. The sample is however confirmed to belong to haplogroup R: 16263 is a critical marker for haplogroup R. The sample does not rule out nor confirm that the sample may belong to haplogroup H as this group is distinguished from haplogroup R by mutations at position 73 which has not been replicated in this study. The haplogroup R node and the CRS sequence are disinguished by various mutations outside the sequenced region.