Palo del Colle is a town and comune

Comune

In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...

in the province of Bari

Province of Bari

The Province of Bari is a province in the Apulia region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bari.It has an area of 5,138 km², and a total population of 1,594,109 . There are 48 comuni in the province, see Comuni of the Province of Bari...

, Puglia, Italy

Italy

Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

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History

The town of Palo del Colle is located about 15 km inland from the city of Bari. It is situated on a hill [hence the name "Pole on the Hill"] 177meters above sea level and covers 100 km² in area. The population at present is about 20,000. The Roman author Pliny mentions the Palionenses as being of Greek origin. Coins from Taranto found in the area point to an organized civil structure of the Magna Grecia as far back as the 5th and 6th centuries BC. An ancient inscription reading Herculea Proles, or descendants of Hercules shows that the Greek colonizers of Palo del Colle honored Hercules as their patron. The original coat-of-arms depicts Hercules ready for the defense of the town. Over time this figure was transformed into a knight in armor on horseback. The hill on which Palo del Colle sits , dominates a wide, flat territory. From here a large expanse of land and ocean makes the site ideally situated for military defense. Palo del Colle became the center of the Greek colony because of this position. According to Pliny, Palo del Colle was classified as a "municipality" by the Romans and was left to administer its own government because it would be too difficult to conquer. The hill on which Palo del Colle is located was considered sacred because Hercules had won a battle here. In Greek Palaion means "victor in the fight". The inhabitants were thus called the Palionnenses. In Latin it transformed to Palium, and into Italian as Palo. Palo could also have stood for Palisade or walled fort as interpreted by the Romans. Pal del Colle's excellent defensive position and the courage and wisdom of its inhabitants has made it an undefeated town. The ancient motto of the town serves as an invitation and also a warning:
"Ercole qui regna,dando al pacifico la pace e la guerra a chi la cerca." "Hercules rules here, providing peace to the peaceful and war to those seeking a fight."