Panachage is the name given to the procedure – sometimes provided for in elections

Voting system

A voting system or electoral system is a method by which voters make a choice between options, often in an election or on a policy referendum....

 conducted according to the party-list proportional representation

Party-list proportional representation

Party-list proportional representation systems are a family of voting systems emphasizing proportional representation in elections in which multiple candidates are elected...

 system – which allows voters to distribute their votes between individual candidates from different party lists. It is used in open-list

Open list

Open list describes any variant of party-list proportional representation where voters have at least some influence on the order in which a party's candidates are elected...

 elections in Switzerland

Switzerland

Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

 and Luxembourg

Luxembourg

Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...

, as well as in local elections in several German states

States of Germany

Germany is made up of sixteen which are partly sovereign constituent states of the Federal Republic of Germany. Land literally translates as "country", and constitutionally speaking, they are constituent countries...

.

In France, this procedure is used for municipal elections in cities that have less than 3500 inhabitants. Critics say it does not allow opposition to grow up, and promotes conservatism.