Panembahan Senopati
Encyclopedia
Sutawijaya, also known as Panembahan Senopati, stylized name as Senopati ing Alaga Sayiddin Kalifatullah Tanah Jawi (1584-1601) was the first king of the Mataram Sultanate
Kingdom. He was the son of Ki Ageng Pemanahan, one of Hadiwidjaja (Joko Tingkir
), the Duke of Pajang's retainer and loyal servant, and then adopted by the Duke as his son. He was noted for killing the main opposition to the Duke, Prince Arya Penangsang of Jipang-Panola, the last descendant of Demak sultanate, thus gaining victory for his godfather's Pajang kingdom. Both him and his father were granted the dukedom of Mataram, which then grew to a new sovereign kingdom and a dynasty that lasts until recent days.
During his reign the kingdom still used Javanese traditions, though the Islam
already was introduced to Java. It was the Javanese Muslim
state of Pajang (and the ancient Hindu-Javanese kingdom of Mataram, still on the same site) that got in trouble when Panembahan Senopati schemed to undermine the authority of the King of Pajang. Senopati had conquered the Mataram district himself and c. 1576 he conquered the area of Pajang, imposed the new religion and established his own court. The Mataram ruler refused to embrace the Islam and many historiographical problems surrounded Senopati's reign. Like he concentrated his spiritual powers through meditation and ascetism. So Senopati's reliance upon both Sunan Kalijaga
and Nyai Loro Kidul
in the chronicles accounts nicely reflects the Mataram Dynasty's ambivalence towards Islam and indigenous Javanese beliefs. The straight line between Mount Merapi
at the north and the southern sea, with the Mataram kingdom at the center was s strong concept of cosmology among the Javanese.
His grandson Sultan Agung (the Great Sultan, 1613 - 1645) was described as a great Muslim ruler and who was claimed as the greatest of Mataram's rulers. Though both (Senopati and Sultan Agung) established a liaison with the Goddess of the Southern Ocean of Nyai Loro Kidul
.
Mataram Sultanate
The Sultanate of Mataram was the last major independent Javanese empire on Java before the island was colonized by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force in interior Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century....
Kingdom. He was the son of Ki Ageng Pemanahan, one of Hadiwidjaja (Joko Tingkir
Joko Tingkir
Joko Tingkir, or sometimes written as Jaka Tingkir, is the founder and the first king of the Sultanate of Pajang. He ruled from 1549 to 1582. He is also known by the title of Sultan Hadiwijaya.- Ancestry :...
), the Duke of Pajang's retainer and loyal servant, and then adopted by the Duke as his son. He was noted for killing the main opposition to the Duke, Prince Arya Penangsang of Jipang-Panola, the last descendant of Demak sultanate, thus gaining victory for his godfather's Pajang kingdom. Both him and his father were granted the dukedom of Mataram, which then grew to a new sovereign kingdom and a dynasty that lasts until recent days.
During his reign the kingdom still used Javanese traditions, though the Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
already was introduced to Java. It was the Javanese Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
state of Pajang (and the ancient Hindu-Javanese kingdom of Mataram, still on the same site) that got in trouble when Panembahan Senopati schemed to undermine the authority of the King of Pajang. Senopati had conquered the Mataram district himself and c. 1576 he conquered the area of Pajang, imposed the new religion and established his own court. The Mataram ruler refused to embrace the Islam and many historiographical problems surrounded Senopati's reign. Like he concentrated his spiritual powers through meditation and ascetism. So Senopati's reliance upon both Sunan Kalijaga
Sunan Kalijaga
Sunan Kalijaga , born as Raden Mas Said son of a Regent of Tuban in East Java, Indonesia, was one of the "nine saints" of Islam . Initially a grass salesman, the "Kalijaga" title was derived from an orchard known as "Kalijaga" in Cirebon. Other accounts suggest the name derives from his hobby of...
and Nyai Loro Kidul
Nyai Loro Kidul
Nyai Loro Kidul is a legendary Indonesian spirit, known as the Queen of the Southern Sea of Java in Javanese and Sundanese mythology...
in the chronicles accounts nicely reflects the Mataram Dynasty's ambivalence towards Islam and indigenous Javanese beliefs. The straight line between Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi, Gunung Merapi , is an active stratovolcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548...
at the north and the southern sea, with the Mataram kingdom at the center was s strong concept of cosmology among the Javanese.
His grandson Sultan Agung (the Great Sultan, 1613 - 1645) was described as a great Muslim ruler and who was claimed as the greatest of Mataram's rulers. Though both (Senopati and Sultan Agung) established a liaison with the Goddess of the Southern Ocean of Nyai Loro Kidul
Nyai Loro Kidul
Nyai Loro Kidul is a legendary Indonesian spirit, known as the Queen of the Southern Sea of Java in Javanese and Sundanese mythology...
.