Panicum
Encyclopedia
Poaceae
The Poaceae is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of flowering plants. Members of this family are commonly called grasses, although the term "grass" is also applied to plants that are not in the Poaceae lineage, including the rushes and sedges...
native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are often large, annual or perennial grass
Grass
Grasses, or more technically graminoids, are monocotyledonous, usually herbaceous plants with narrow leaves growing from the base. They include the "true grasses", of the Poaceae family, as well as the sedges and the rushes . The true grasses include cereals, bamboo and the grasses of lawns ...
es, growing to 1–3 m tall.
The flower
Flower
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants . The biological function of a flower is to effect reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism for the union of sperm with eggs...
s are produced in a well-developed panicle
Panicle
A panicle is a compound raceme, a loose, much-branched indeterminate inflorescence with pedicellate flowers attached along the secondary branches; in other words, a branched cluster of flowers in which the branches are racemes....
often up to 60 cm in length with numerous seed
Seed
A seed is a small embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat, usually with some stored food. It is the product of the ripened ovule of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants which occurs after fertilization and some growth within the mother plant...
s, which are 1–6 mm long and 1–2 mm broad. The fruits are developed from a two-flowered spikelet. Only the upper floret of each spikelet is fertile; the lower floret is sterile or staminate. Both glumes are present and well developed.
Australia has 29 native and 9 introduced species of Panicum.
Well-known Panicum species include proso millet
Proso millet
Proso millet is also known as common millet, hog millet or white millet. Both the wild ancestor and the location of domestication of proso millet are unknown, but it first appears as a crop in both Transcaucasia and China about 7,000 years ago, suggesting that it may have been domesticated...
and switchgrass.
Selected species
- Panicum acostiaPanicum acostiaPanicum acostia is a species of grass in the Poaceae family.It is found only in Ecuador.-Source:* Laegaard, S. & Pitman, N. 2004. . Downloaded on 20 July 2007....
- Panicum adenophorum
- Panicum aequinerve
- Panicum afzelii
- Panicum amarum - Bitter panicum
- Panicum anabaptistum
- Panicum anceps - Beaked panicum
- Panicum antidotalePanicum antidotalePanicum antidotale Retz. is a tall , coarse, woody perennial grass throughout the Himalaya and the Upper Gangetic Plain and specifically in various regions of the Indian state of Punjab and the Pakistan province of Punjab and the neighbouring areas of these regions...
- Blue panicum - Panicum arbusculum
- Panicum arcurameum
- Panicum atrosanguineum
- Panicum bambusiculme
- Panicum bandunduense
- Panicum bechuanense
- Panicum boscii
- Panicum bossii
- Panicum brazzavillense
- Panicum brevifolium
- Panicum bullockii
- Panicum caillei
- Panicum callosum
- Panicum calocarpum
- Panicum calvum
- Panicum capillarePanicum capillarePanicum capillare, known by the common name Witchgrass, is a species of grass. It is native plant to most of North America from the East Coast through all of the West Coast and California. It can be found as an introduced species in Eurasia, and as a weed in gardens and landscaped areas...
- Witchgrass, tumble-weedTumbleweed (disambiguation)Tumbleweed is a kind of plant habit or structureTumbleweed, tumble-weed, tumble weed, and similar may also refer to:-Plants with "tumbleweed" in a common name:* Amaranthus albus* Amaranthus graecizans... - Panicum carinifolium
- Panicum carneovaginatum
- Panicum chaetorhachis
- Panicum chambeshii
- Panicum chionachne
- Panicum clandestinum
- Panicum claytonii
- Panicum coloratum
- Panicum colonum - Jungle grass
- Panicum comorense
- Panicum congoense
- Panicum crinitum
- Panicum crus-galli (syn. Echinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-galliEchinochloa crus-galli is a type of wild grass originating from tropical Asia that was formerly classified as a type of panicum grass. It is commonly known as Cockspur , Common Barnyard Grass, or simply "barnyard grass"...
) - barnyard grass - Panicum decompositumPanicum decompositumPanicum decompositum, native millet, is a grass native to the inland of Australia. It occurs in every mainland state.The leaves are hairless, up to 50 cm long. The sed spikes are typically 30–80 cm long, but sometimes up to 145 cm high...
- Native millet - Panicum delicatulum
- Panicum deustum
- Panicum dewinteri
- Panicum dichotomiflorumPanicum dichotomiflorumPanicum dichotomiflorum, known by the common name Fall panicgrass, is a species of Poaceae "true grass". It is native to much of the eastern United States and parts of Canada, and it can be found in the Western United States through California. It may be an introduced species in some western climates...
- Panicum dinklagei
- Panicum doloense
- Panicum dorsense
- Panicum dregeanum
- Panicum ecklonii
- Panicum effusumPanicum effusumPanicum effusum, commonly known as Hairy Panic, is a grass native to the inland of Australia. It occurs in every mainland state in Australia....
- Panicum eickii
- Panicum ephemerum
- Panicum faurieiPanicum faurieiPanicum fauriei is a species of grass known by the common name Faurie's panicgrass. It is endemic to Hawaii.There are at least three varieties of this grass species. One, var. carteri, Carter's panicgrass is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States....
- Panicum filifolium
- Panicum flacciflorum
- Panicum fluviicola
- Panicum frutescens
- Panicum funaense
- Panicum gemmeum
- Panicum genuflexum
- Panicum gilvum
- Panicum glandulopaniculatum
- Panicum glaucifolium
- Panicum glaucocladum
- Panicum gracilicaule
- Panicum grande
- Panicum graniflorum
- Panicum griffonii
- Panicum guluense
- Panicum habrothrix
- Panicum hanningtonii
- Panicum haplocaulos
- Panicum helopus (Syn. Urochloa panicoidesUrochloa panicoidesUrochloa panicoides is a fodder grass originating in Southern Africa.-Synonyms:* Panicum borzianum Mattei fide Fl. Trop. E. Africa: 603.* Panicum controversum Steud.* Panicum helopus Trin. in Spreng....
) - annual signal grass - Panicum hemitomon - Maidencane
- Panicum heterostachyum
- Panicum hippothrix
- Panicum hirticaulePanicum hirticaulePanicum hirticaule is a species of grass known by the common names Mexican panicgrass and roughstalked witchgrass.-Distribution:...
- Mexican panicgrass - Panicum hochstetteri
- Panicum homblei
- Panicum humile
- Panicum hygrocharis
- Panicum hymeniochilum
- Panicum hystrix
- Panicum impeditum
- Panicum inaequilatum
- Panicum incomptum
- Panicum infestum
- Panicum isachnoides
- Panicum isolepis
- Panicum issongense
- Panicum kalaharense
- Panicum kasumense
- Panicum kiensieleense
- Panicum laetum
- Panicum lanipes
- Panicum lasiopodum
- Panicum laticomum
- Panicum laxum
- Panicum letouzeyi
- Panicum littorale
- Panicum lukwangulense
- Panicum madipirense
- Panicum mapalense
- Panicum margaritiferum
- Panicum marunguense
- Panicum massaiense
- Panicum maximum (Guinea grass, Buffalo grass)
- Panicum melanospermum
- Panicum merkeri
- Panicum miliaceum - Proso or Common millet
- Panicum miliare - Little millet
- Panicum mitopus
- Panicum mlahiense
- Panicum mollifolium
- Panicum monticola
- Panicum mueense
- Panicum natalense
- Panicum neglectum
- Panicum nervatum
- Panicum niihauensePanicum niihauensePanicum niihauense is a rare species of grass known by the common names lau 'ehu and Niihau panicgrass. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it has been found on the islands of Niihau and Kauai...
- Panicum nigromarginatum
- Panicum novemnerve
- Panicum nubicum
- Panicum nudiflorum
- Panicum nymphoides
- Panicum obtusum - Vine mesquite grass
- Panicum omega
- Panicum ozogonum
- Panicum pansum
- Panicum parvifolium
- Panicum paucinode
- Panicum pectinatum
- Panicum pectinellum
- Panicum perangustatum
- Panicum peteri
- Panicum phaeocarpum
- Panicum phippsii
- Panicum phragmitoides
- Panicum pilgeri
- Panicum pilgerianum
- Panicum pinifolium
- Panicum pleianthum
- Panicum poaeoides
- Panicum pole-evansii
- Panicum polyphyllum
- Panicum porphyrrhizos
- Panicum pygmaeum - Australian native dwarf panicum, rainforest panicum)
- Panicum praealtum
- Panicum protensum
- Panicum pseudoracemosum
- Panicum pusillum
- Panicum ramosum - Browntop millet
- Panicum repens - Torpedo grass
- Panicum robynsii
- Panicum ruspolii
- Panicum sabiense
- Panicum sadinii
- Panicum schinzii
- Panicum schweinfurthii
- Panicum senegalense
- Panicum serrarium
- Panicum shinyangense
- Panicum simulans
- Panicum sonorum
- Panicum stagninum
- Panicum stapfianum
- Panicum stoloniferissimum
- Panicum striatissimum
- Panicum strictissimum
- Panicum subalbidum
- Panicum subflabellatum
- Panicum subpilosum
- Panicum subtilissimum
- Panicum sumatrensePanicum sumatrenseLittle Millet is a species of millet in the family Poaceae.-Range:In the temperate zones of Asia: the Caucasus, China, East Asia and also in the tropics of the continent: India, Indochina and Malaysia...
- Panicum tenellum
- Panicum torridum
- Panicum trichocladum
- Panicum trichoides
- Panicum trichonode
- Panicum tunicatum
- Panicum turgidumPanicum turgidumPanicum turgidum is an old world clumping desert bunchgrass of the Panicum genus.-Distribution:It is common across the Sahara and Arabia, from Senegal to Pakistan, and known by the a number of common names, most widely as Taman, tuman, or thaman in Egypt and Arabia; merkba or markouba in...
- Afezu - Panicum urvilleanumPanicum urvilleanumPanicum urvilleanum is a species of grass known by the common names desert panicgrass and silky panicgrass. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in sandy habitat, including the dunes of the deserts...
- Desert panicgrass - Panicum viciniflorum
- Panicum virgatum - Switchgrass
- Panicum vollesenii
- Panicum volutans
- Panicum wiehei
- Panicum xerophilum
- Panicum zamba
- Panicum zambesiense