Pavle Jurišic Šturm
Encyclopedia
Pavle Jurišić Šturm (August 8, 1848 – January 14, 1922) was a Serbian general
of Sorb
ian origin who commanded the Serbian 3rd Army
in the First World War
.
Šturm was one of the most important commanders in the Serbian army in the World War I
, especially during the first two years of the war, the time when his 3rd army was main support either for the 2nd army during the battle of Cer
, or for the 1st army during the battle of Kolubara
.
, Prussian Silesia
, when the Görlitz region was still part of the homeland of the Sorbs
. His parents were both ethnic Sorbs (not Serbs). He finished the royal Prussian
military academy
in Breslau (Wrocław) and went to Serbia before the Balkan wars
to fight the Ottoman Turks
, studying in the Serbian military academy and volunteering in the Serbian Army
.
He fell in love with Serbia instantly, marrying a Serbian woman, and changed his name from Paulus to Serbian Pavle, and his last name Sturm to the typical Serbian last name that was modulated translation of his German last name - Sturm, meaning "Storm" in German was translated into Jurišić, with the root of the word "charge" ("juriš" in Serbian ).
Šturm kept his German last name as an alias. His son, whom he had with his Serbian wife, was a sergeant in the Serbian army
who participated in all major battles in the Serbian theater in World War I from Cer
and Kolubara, then retreated over frozen Albania, was part of the resurrection of the Serbian army on the island of Corfu
and the advance of the Serbian army, breaking the Salonika front.
After years of peace that followed, Šturm stayed in Serbia and remained in its army with the rank of major general
. He died in 1922 at his home in Belgrade.
General
A general officer is an officer of high military rank, usually in the army, and in some nations, the air force. The term is widely used by many nations of the world, and when a country uses a different term, there is an equivalent title given....
of Sorb
Sorbs
Sorbs are a Western Slavic people of Central Europe living predominantly in Lusatia, a region on the territory of Germany and Poland. In Germany they live in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony. They speak the Sorbian languages - closely related to Polish and Czech - officially recognized and...
ian origin who commanded the Serbian 3rd Army
Third Army (Serbia)
The Serbian Third Army was a Serbian field army that fought during World War I.During the First Balkan War, the Third Army participated in the Battle of Kumanovo along with the Serbian First Army and the Serbian Second Army...
in the First World War
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
Šturm was one of the most important commanders in the Serbian army in the World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, especially during the first two years of the war, the time when his 3rd army was main support either for the 2nd army during the battle of Cer
Battle of Cer
The Battle of Cer also known as Battle of Jadar was one of the first battles of World War I, it also marked the first Allied victory in the war. The battle was fought between the Austro-Hungarian Army and Serbian forces. The results improved Serbian standing in the Alliance...
, or for the 1st army during the battle of Kolubara
Battle of Kolubara
The Battle of Kolubara was a major victory of Serbia over the invading Austro-Hungarian armies during World War I. The invaders were routed, and driven back across the Serbian border....
.
Life
Šturm was born and raised in GörlitzGörlitz
Görlitz is a town in Germany. It is the easternmost town in the country, located on the Lusatian Neisse River in the Bundesland of Saxony. It is opposite the Polish town of Zgorzelec, which was a part of Görlitz until 1945. Historically, Görlitz was in the region of Upper Lusatia...
, Prussian Silesia
Province of Silesia
The Province of Silesia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1815 to 1919.-Geography:The territory comprised the bulk of the former Bohemian crown land of Silesia and the County of Kladsko, which King Frederick the Great had conquered from the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy in the 18th...
, when the Görlitz region was still part of the homeland of the Sorbs
Sorbs
Sorbs are a Western Slavic people of Central Europe living predominantly in Lusatia, a region on the territory of Germany and Poland. In Germany they live in the states of Brandenburg and Saxony. They speak the Sorbian languages - closely related to Polish and Czech - officially recognized and...
. His parents were both ethnic Sorbs (not Serbs). He finished the royal Prussian
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
military academy
Military academy
A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps of the army, the navy, air force or coast guard, which normally provides education in a service environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned.Three...
in Breslau (Wrocław) and went to Serbia before the Balkan wars
Balkan Wars
The Balkan Wars were two conflicts that took place in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe in 1912 and 1913.By the early 20th century, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia, the countries of the Balkan League, had achieved their independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large parts of their ethnic...
to fight the Ottoman Turks
Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks were the Turkish-speaking population of the Ottoman Empire who formed the base of the state's military and ruling classes. Reliable information about the early history of Ottoman Turks is scarce, but they take their Turkish name, Osmanlı , from the house of Osman I The Ottoman...
, studying in the Serbian military academy and volunteering in the Serbian Army
Serbian Army
-Objectives:The Serbian Army is responsible for:* deterring armed threats* defending Serbia's territory* participation in peacekeeping operations* providing humanitarian aid and disaster relief-Personnel:...
.
He fell in love with Serbia instantly, marrying a Serbian woman, and changed his name from Paulus to Serbian Pavle, and his last name Sturm to the typical Serbian last name that was modulated translation of his German last name - Sturm, meaning "Storm" in German was translated into Jurišić, with the root of the word "charge" ("juriš" in Serbian ).
Šturm kept his German last name as an alias. His son, whom he had with his Serbian wife, was a sergeant in the Serbian army
Serbian Army
-Objectives:The Serbian Army is responsible for:* deterring armed threats* defending Serbia's territory* participation in peacekeeping operations* providing humanitarian aid and disaster relief-Personnel:...
who participated in all major battles in the Serbian theater in World War I from Cer
Cer
Cer or CER may refer to:* Cer , a mountain in Serbia* Cer , Greek goddess of violent death, one of the Protogenoi* Canonical Encoding Rules, a set of ASN.1 encoding rules for formatting data in binary* Centre for European Reform...
and Kolubara, then retreated over frozen Albania, was part of the resurrection of the Serbian army on the island of Corfu
Vido
Vido is an island of the Ionian Islands group of Greece.It is a small island at the mouth of Corfu city port.- History :...
and the advance of the Serbian army, breaking the Salonika front.
After years of peace that followed, Šturm stayed in Serbia and remained in its army with the rank of major general
Major General
Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
. He died in 1922 at his home in Belgrade.
Sources
- ODANA BRAĆA ŠTURM
- Vojna enciklopedija, Beograd, 1972., 4th edition, pages 151-152