Pazzano
Encyclopedia
Pazzano is a village and comune
located in Locride
's region in the province of Reggio Calabria
(Calabria
, southern Italy
).
The first known mention of Pazzano dates to a 1094 document. The town was founded as a minerary center for the exploitation of iron
(by pyrite
and limonite
) and molybdenum
(the latter in caves of Monte Stella
and Monte Consolino
) deposits. At the time of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, its 25 mines made Pazzano the most important mining centre in all of southern Italy.
Pazzano became a comune
in 1811. Minerary activities lasted until the 20th century. During the 1950s, the inhabitants began to emigrate to northern Italy, and Pazzano's population drastically reduced.
By the 1980s the ecomuseum
Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di Calabria
(Ecomuseum of iron-foundry and foundry of Calabria) was to preserve and remember the industrial archaeology
of the town.
Marina.
There is a bus service, Federico, that links Pazzano with Reggio Calabria
and several other towns including Stilo
, Caulonia
, Gioiosa Ionica
and Locri
. The nearest railway station is Monasterace Marina (15 km).
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
located in Locride
Locride
Locride is an area of Calabria around the town of Locri in the Province of Reggio Calabria.It is divided into 4 areas:* Vallata dello Stilaro* Vallata del Torbido* Epizefiri* Vallata del Bonamico* Heracleum- See also :* Bovesia* Costa Viola...
's region in the province of Reggio Calabria
Province of Reggio Calabria
The Province of Reggio Calabria is a province in the Calabria region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Reggio., it has an area of 3,183 km², and a total population of 565,866. There are 97 comuni in the province, see Comuni of the Province of Reggio Calabria.- Economy :The region is...
(Calabria
Calabria
Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro....
, southern Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
).
History
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
(by pyrite
Pyrite
The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is an iron sulfide with the formula FeS2. This mineral's metallic luster and pale-to-normal, brass-yellow hue have earned it the nickname fool's gold because of its resemblance to gold...
and limonite
Limonite
Limonite is an ore consisting in a mixture of hydrated iron oxide-hydroxide of varying composition. The generic formula is frequently written as FeO·nH2O, although this is not entirely accurate as limonite often contains a varying amount of oxide compared to hydroxide.Together with hematite, it has...
) and molybdenum
Molybdenum
Molybdenum , is a Group 6 chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number 42. The name is from Neo-Latin Molybdaenum, from Ancient Greek , meaning lead, itself proposed as a loanword from Anatolian Luvian and Lydian languages, since its ores were confused with lead ores...
(the latter in caves of Monte Stella
Monte Stella
Monte Stella is a mountain in the Serre Calabresi, in the Locride, Calabria, southern Italy. It is part of the Vallata dello Stilaro, in the comune of Pazzano.Monte Stella is composed of Jurassic limestones.-History:...
and Monte Consolino
Monte Consolino
Monte Consolino is a mountain in the Serre Calabresi range, in the Vallata dello Stilaro of south-western Calabria, in southern Italy. Monte Consolino has an altitude of .Geography...
) deposits. At the time of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, its 25 mines made Pazzano the most important mining centre in all of southern Italy.
Pazzano became a comune
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
in 1811. Minerary activities lasted until the 20th century. During the 1950s, the inhabitants began to emigrate to northern Italy, and Pazzano's population drastically reduced.
By the 1980s the ecomuseum
Ecomuseum
Ecomuseums originated in France, the concept being developed by George Henri Rivière and Hugues de Varine, who coined the term ‘ecomusée’ in 1971...
Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di Calabria
Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di Calabria
The Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di Calabria is an ecomuseum in Bivongi, Calabria, southern Italy....
(Ecomuseum of iron-foundry and foundry of Calabria) was to preserve and remember the industrial archaeology
Industrial archaeology
Industrial archaeology, like other branches of archaeology, is the study of material culture from the past, but with a focus on industry. Strictly speaking, industrial archaeology includes sites from the earliest times to the most recent...
of the town.
Main sights
- Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta in Cielo (Santa Maria's church)
- Santuario di Monte Stella (Monte Stella's Sanctuary)
- Old Mines
- Fontana Vecchia or Fontana dei minatori (Old Fountain or Miner's Fountain)
Transportation
Pazzano is located on the SS 110 state road, 15 km from the coastal town of MonasteraceMonasterace
Monasterace is a comune in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 50 km south of Catanzaro and about 90 km northeast of Reggio Calabria.-References:...
Marina.
There is a bus service, Federico, that links Pazzano with Reggio Calabria
Reggio Calabria
Reggio di Calabria , commonly known as Reggio Calabria or Reggio, is the biggest city and the most populated comune of Calabria, southern Italy, and is the capital of the Province of Reggio Calabria and seat of the Council of Calabrian government.Reggio is located on the "toe" of the Italian...
and several other towns including Stilo
Stilo
Stilo is a town and comune in the province of Reggio Calabria, in the Calabria region of southern Italy. It is located 151 km from Reggio Calabria....
, Caulonia
Caulonia
Caulonia is a comune in the Province of Reggio Calabria in the Italian region Calabria, located about 60 km southwest of Catanzaro and about 120 km northeast of Reggio Calabria in the Stilaro Valley.- History :...
, Gioiosa Ionica
Gioiosa Ionica
Gioiosa Ionica is a town and comune in Italy in the province of Reggio Calabria, region of Calabria. It lies near the east coast of Calabria and covers an area of 35 km²....
and Locri
Locri
Locri is a town and comune in the province of Reggio Calabria, Calabria, southern Italy. The name derives from the ancient Greek town Locris.-History:...
. The nearest railway station is Monasterace Marina (15 km).
Feast-days
- March 19 - Feast of San Giuseppe & procession. "ciciri e cannarozza"
- May 1 - Feast of Madonna Immacolata
- 1st Sunday of August - SS. Salvatore's feast
- 14 August-15 August - Pilgrimage to Madonna della Stella's sanctuary cave.
- 3 September-5 September - San Rocco's feast
- October 31 - Mbeati muortis feast
Food
Pazzano's food is typical of Calabria, and includes:- Pasta e casa (Home made pasta).
- RagùRagùIn Italian cookery, a ragù is a meat-based sauce, which is traditionally served with pasta.Typical Italian ragù include ragù alla bolognese , ragù alla napoletana , and ragù alla Barese...
cooked with goat meatMeatMeat is animal flesh that is used as food. Most often, this means the skeletal muscle and associated fat and other tissues, but it may also describe other edible tissues such as organs and offal...
. - TripeTripeTripe is a type of edible offal from the stomachs of various farm animals.-Beef tripe:...
('trippa') and potatoes - Melanzane ('malangiani') ripiene (stuffed aubergine/egg-plant)
- 'Pipi Chini' (stuffed capsicum)
- Zippoli
- Pitta di San Martino and the cuzzupe, typical sweets
See also
- Vallata dello Stilaro AllaroVallata dello Stilaro AllaroThe Vallata dello Stilaro Allaro is a valley in the Province of Reggio Calabria, southern Italy. It takes its name from the two rivers that flow in the area, the Stilaro and the Allaro....
- Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di CalabriaEcomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di CalabriaThe Ecomuseo delle ferriere e fonderie di Calabria is an ecomuseum in Bivongi, Calabria, southern Italy....
- Andata e ritorno
- Monte ConsolinoMonte ConsolinoMonte Consolino is a mountain in the Serre Calabresi range, in the Vallata dello Stilaro of south-western Calabria, in southern Italy. Monte Consolino has an altitude of .Geography...
- Monte MammicomitoMonte MammicomitoMonte Mammicomito is a massif in the Serre Calabresi, southern Calabria, southern Italy. Is is composed of Devonian-origin limestone.Monte Mammicomito is separated from Monte Consolino by a narrow valley, in which is the town of Pazzano.-Sources:...
- Monte StellaMonte StellaMonte Stella is a mountain in the Serre Calabresi, in the Locride, Calabria, southern Italy. It is part of the Vallata dello Stilaro, in the comune of Pazzano.Monte Stella is composed of Jurassic limestones.-History:...
External links
- New site of Comune di Pazzano (2006)
- Circolo ricreativo culturale giovanile pazzanese
- Pazzano's history (italian site)
- Comunità montana Stilaro Allaro
- Dialetto - 'u tripu da cona' on YouTube
- Cunfrunti1 (Feast of Saint Salvatore)on YouTube
- Cunfrunti2 (Feast of Saint Salvatore)on YouTube
- Pazzanese proverb - YouTube