Peine is a district in Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...

, Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Hildesheim

Hildesheim (district)

Hildesheim is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Hanover, Peine, Wolfenbüttel, Goslar, Northeim, Holzminden and Hamelin-Pyrmont.-History:...

, Hanover

Hanover (district)

Hanover Region is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Heidekreis, Celle, Gifhorn, Peine, Hildesheim, Hamelin-Pyrmont, Schaumburg and Nienburg....

 and Gifhorn

Gifhorn (district)

-Geography:The district is located at the border of Saxony-Anhalt and extends from the southern edge of the Lüneburg Heath in the north to the suburbs of Braunschweig and Wolfsburg in the south. The Aller River enters the district in the southeast, runs through the town of Gifhorn, is joined by...

, and the cities of Brunswick and Salzgitter

Salzgitter

Salzgitter is an independent city in southeast Lower Saxony, Germany, located between Hildesheim and Braunschweig. Together with Wolfsburg and Braunschweig, Salzgitter is one of the seven Oberzentren of Lower Saxony...

.

History

Until the early 19th century, the territory of the district belonged to Brunswick-Celle, Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, and the Bishopric of Hildesheim

Bishopric of Hildesheim

The Diocese of Hildesheim is a diocese or ecclesiastical territory of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church in Germany. Founded in 815 as a missionary diocese by King Louis the Pious, his son Louis the German appointed the famous former archbishop of Rheims, Ebbo, as bishop...

. After 1815, both Brunswick-Celle and Hildesheim belonged to the Kingdom of Hanover

Kingdom of Hanover

The Kingdom of Hanover was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic era. It succeeded the former Electorate of Brunswick-Lüneburg , and joined with 38 other sovereign states in the German...

. In 1866, Hanover fell to Prussia

Prussia

Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...

. The Prussian administration established districts (Kreise) in 1885, among them Peine.

The region has a smelting

Smelting

Smelting is a form of extractive metallurgy; its main use is to produce a metal from its ore. This includes iron extraction from iron ore, and copper extraction and other base metals from their ores...

 tradition, the associated mining tradition lasted until 1976 when the last existing mine was closed. One of the best known events in local history was the mining disaster of Lengede

Lengede

Lengede is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 40 kilometers southeast of Hannover. It became known to the world in 1963 because of a mining disaster and the subsequent rescue operation of eleven surviving miners, which became known as the "Wunder von Lengede"...

 in 1963, when 29 miners died and 11 miners were rescued two weeks after the incident.

Geography

The district comprises the space between the cities of Hanover

Hanover

Hanover or Hannover, on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony , Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg...

 and Braunschweig. The Fuhse

Fuhse

The Fuhse is a stream of Lower Saxony, Germany, a left tributary of the Aller. Spelled Fuse in maps of the 19th century and earlier, the name is thought to derive from the ancient Fosa flumen, after which the Germanic tribe of the Fosi took their name .The Fuhse originates on the west slope of the...

 river enters the district in the south, runs through the town of Peine and leaves northwards to Celle

Celle

Celle is a town and capital of the district of Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. The town is situated on the banks of the River Aller, a tributary of the Weser and has a population of about 71,000...

.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms is derived from the arms of the County of Wolfenbüttel-Assenburg. This county existed only until 1260, but its rulers were responsible for the foundation of Peine.

Cities and municipalities

Cities

Municipalities Municipality A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...

Peine Peine Peine is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, capital of the district Peine. It is situated on the river Fuhse and the Mittellandkanal, approx. 25 km west of Braunschweig, and 40 km east of Hanover.- History :...

Edemissen Edemissen Edemissen is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 7 km north of Peine, and 25 km northwest of Braunschweig.... Hohenhameln Hohenhameln Hohenhameln is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km southwest of Peine, and 25 km southeast of Hanover.-Places that belong to the Hohenhameln Community:... Ilsede Ilsede Ilsede is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Fuhse, approx. 7 km south of Peine, and 20 km west of Braunschweig.-External links:... Lahstedt Lahstedt Lahstedt is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 11 km south of Peine, and 20 km west of Braunschweig.... Lengede Lengede Lengede is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 40 kilometers southeast of Hannover. It became known to the world in 1963 because of a mining disaster and the subsequent rescue operation of eleven surviving miners, which became known as the "Wunder von Lengede"... Vechelde Vechelde Vechelde is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 12 km southeast of Peine, and 10 km west of Braunschweig.- Municipal subdivisions :- Twinned cities :Vechelde is twinned with:... Wendeburg Wendeburg Wendeburg is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 11 km east of Peine, and 12 km northwest of Braunschweig....

Notable people from Peine

• Hans-Hermann Hoppe
  Hans-Hermann Hoppe
  Hans-Hermann Hoppe is an Austrian School economist of the anarcho-capitalist tradition, and a Professor Emeritus of economics at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.-Academic career:...
  
  , anarcho-capitalist economics professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas
  University of Nevada, Las Vegas
  University of Nevada-Las Vegas is a public, coeducational university located in the Las Vegas suburb of Paradise, Nevada, USA. The campus is located approximately east of the Las Vegas Strip. The institution includes a Shadow Lane Campus, located just east of the University Medical Center of...
  
   and a Distinguished Fellow with the Ludwig von Mises Institute
  Ludwig von Mises Institute
  The Ludwig von Mises Institute , based in Auburn, Alabama, is a libertarian academic organization engaged in research and scholarship in the fields of economics, philosophy and political economy. Its scholarship is inspired by the work of Austrian School economist Ludwig von Mises...
  
  

External links

• Official website (German)