Pellegrino Tibaldi
Encyclopedia
Pellegrino Tibaldi also known as Pellegrino di Tibaldo de Pellegrini, was an Italian
mannerist
architect
, sculptor
, and mural
painter
.
, but grew up in Bologna
. His father worked as stonemason. He may have apprenticed with Bagnacavallo or Innocenzo da Imola. His first documented painting was likely as at 15 years of age, a Marriage of Saint Catherine.
In 1547, he went to Rome
to study under Perin del Vaga
. He was employed in the decoration of the Sala del Consiglio of Castel Sant'Angelo
. When Perino died in 1547, Tibaldi became the leader in the large scale fresco
painting of the chambers and doorways (1547–1549). The frescoes are described as Michelangelesque
in influence.
Other works were for Cardinal Giovanni Poggi in Bologna, and he carried out numerous commissions for him http://www.unibo.it/musei/palazzopoggi/poggi_ita/palazzo/foto/pitt_1.htm. Tibaldi painted frescoes of the Story of Ulysses in the Palazzo Poggi http://www.uwm.edu/Course/mythology/1200/2025.jpghttp://www.uwm.edu/Course/mythology/1200/2026.jpghttp://www.storiaeinformatica.it/nume/italiano/ndata_a.htmlhttp://www.regione.emilia-romagna.it/cinema/art/pal/pagine/s01.htm, scenes from the life of the Baptist in the Poggi chapel, and scenes from the Life of Moses in the Palazzo Sacchetti in Rome. He constructed a chapel for his patron, in the church of S. Giacomo Maggiore, and painted for it a St. John preaching in the Wilderness, and the Division of the Elect from the Damned. The Cardinal Poggi next employed him in the erection of a chapel in La Madonna di Loreto
, where he painted the Nativity, the Presentation in the Temple, the Transfiguration and Decollation of St. John.
He lived in Ancona
between 1558 and 1561. Here he painted frescoes for Loggia dei Mercanti
and Palazzo Ferretti. In 1561, he met Cardinal Carlo Borromeo, who employed him in Milan mostly as architect in the nearly endless task of constructing the cathedral, working on various projects in the cathedral, the courtyard of the archiepiscopal palace (1564–70), San Fedele (1569–1579) and San Sebastiano (1577). In Milan
he worked also as a civil architect, projecting the Spinola, Erba Odescalchi and Prospero Visconti palaces. In 1575 he was commissioned by Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio
the construction of Villa d'Este
on the shores of Lake Como
.
In 1586 he went to Spain
, where he followed and replaced Federico Zuccari
as main court painter. He painted in the lower cloisters of El Escorial
at the request of King Philip II
. His greatest work were frescoes in the library.http://www4.ncsu.edu/~crm/Etcetera/rhetoric.htmhttp://www.delacuadra.net/escorial/tx-es-it.htmhttp://www.jdiezarnal.com/public/elescorial.html After nine years, he returned to Italy and was appointed architect of the Duomo of Milan
until his death in Milan in 1592.
Pellegrino's brother, Domenico Pellegrino Tibaldi was an engraver active in Bologna. Among his pupils were Orazio Samacchini, Lorenzo Sabbatini
, and Girolamo Miruoli.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
mannerist
Mannerism
Mannerism is a period of European art that emerged from the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520. It lasted until about 1580 in Italy, when a more Baroque style began to replace it, but Northern Mannerism continued into the early 17th century throughout much of Europe...
architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
, sculptor
Sculpture
Sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials—typically stone such as marble—or metal, glass, or wood. Softer materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers and softer metals...
, and mural
Mural
A mural is any piece of artwork painted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling or other large permanent surface. A particularly distinguishing characteristic of mural painting is that the architectural elements of the given space are harmoniously incorporated into the picture.-History:Murals of...
painter
Painting
Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . The application of the medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other objects can be used. In art, the term painting describes both the act and the result of the action. However, painting is...
.
Biography
Tibaldi was born in Puria di Valsolda, then part of the duchy of MilanDuchy of Milan
The Duchy of Milan , was created on the 1st of may 1395, when Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Lord of Milan, purchased a diploma for 100,000 Florins from King Wenceslaus. It was this diploma that installed, Gian Galeazzo as Duke of Milan and Count of Pavia...
, but grew up in Bologna
Bologna
Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
. His father worked as stonemason. He may have apprenticed with Bagnacavallo or Innocenzo da Imola. His first documented painting was likely as at 15 years of age, a Marriage of Saint Catherine.
In 1547, he went to Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
to study under Perin del Vaga
Perin del Vaga
Perino del Vaga was an Italian painter of the Late Renaissance/Mannerism.-Biography:...
. He was employed in the decoration of the Sala del Consiglio of Castel Sant'Angelo
Castel Sant'Angelo
The Mausoleum of Hadrian, usually known as the Castel Sant'Angelo, is a towering cylindrical building in Parco Adriano, Rome, Italy. It was initially commissioned by the Roman Emperor Hadrian as a mausoleum for himself and his family...
. When Perino died in 1547, Tibaldi became the leader in the large scale fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
painting of the chambers and doorways (1547–1549). The frescoes are described as Michelangelesque
Michelangelo
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni , commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, poet, and engineer who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art...
in influence.
Other works were for Cardinal Giovanni Poggi in Bologna, and he carried out numerous commissions for him http://www.unibo.it/musei/palazzopoggi/poggi_ita/palazzo/foto/pitt_1.htm. Tibaldi painted frescoes of the Story of Ulysses in the Palazzo Poggi http://www.uwm.edu/Course/mythology/1200/2025.jpghttp://www.uwm.edu/Course/mythology/1200/2026.jpghttp://www.storiaeinformatica.it/nume/italiano/ndata_a.htmlhttp://www.regione.emilia-romagna.it/cinema/art/pal/pagine/s01.htm, scenes from the life of the Baptist in the Poggi chapel, and scenes from the Life of Moses in the Palazzo Sacchetti in Rome. He constructed a chapel for his patron, in the church of S. Giacomo Maggiore, and painted for it a St. John preaching in the Wilderness, and the Division of the Elect from the Damned. The Cardinal Poggi next employed him in the erection of a chapel in La Madonna di Loreto
Madonna di Loreto
Madonna di Loreto may refer to:*Madonna di Loreto *Madonna of Loreto...
, where he painted the Nativity, the Presentation in the Temple, the Transfiguration and Decollation of St. John.
He lived in Ancona
Ancona
Ancona is a city and a seaport in the Marche region, in central Italy, with a population of 101,909 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region....
between 1558 and 1561. Here he painted frescoes for Loggia dei Mercanti
Loggia dei Mercanti
The Loggia dei Mercanti is a historical palace in Ancona, central Italy.The palace was begun in 1442 by architect Giovanni Pace, also known as Sodo, in an economically flourishing period for Ancona. It was built near the port, which was the trade point of the mercantile republic in medieval times,...
and Palazzo Ferretti. In 1561, he met Cardinal Carlo Borromeo, who employed him in Milan mostly as architect in the nearly endless task of constructing the cathedral, working on various projects in the cathedral, the courtyard of the archiepiscopal palace (1564–70), San Fedele (1569–1579) and San Sebastiano (1577). In Milan
Milan
Milan is the second-largest city in Italy and the capital city of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1.3 million, while its urban area, roughly coinciding with its administrative province and the bordering Province of Monza and Brianza ,...
he worked also as a civil architect, projecting the Spinola, Erba Odescalchi and Prospero Visconti palaces. In 1575 he was commissioned by Cardinal Tolomeo Gallio
Tolomeo Gallio
Tolomeo Gallio was an Italian Cardinal.In the time of Pope Gregory XIII, he acted as papal secretary of state , having a key role in the curia....
the construction of Villa d'Este
Villa d'Este (Cernobbio)
The Villa d'Este, originally Villa del Garovo, is a Renaissance patrician residence in the Italian town of Cernobbio on the shores of Lake Como. Both the villa and the park which surrounds it have undergone significant changes since their sixteenth-century origins as a summer residence for the...
on the shores of Lake Como
Lake Como
Lake Como is a lake of glacial origin in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of 146 km², making it the third largest lake in Italy, after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore...
.
In 1586 he went to Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
, where he followed and replaced Federico Zuccari
Federico Zuccari
Federico Zuccari, also known as Federigo Zuccaro , was an Italian Mannerist painter and architect, active both in Italy and abroad.-Biography:Zuccari was born at Sant'Angelo in Vado, near Urbino ....
as main court painter. He painted in the lower cloisters of El Escorial
El Escorial
The Royal Seat of San Lorenzo de El Escorial is a historical residence of the king of Spain, in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, about 45 kilometres northwest of the capital, Madrid, in Spain. It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, royal palace, museum, and...
at the request of King Philip II
Philip II of Spain
Philip II was King of Spain, Portugal, Naples, Sicily, and, while married to Mary I, King of England and Ireland. He was lord of the Seventeen Provinces from 1556 until 1581, holding various titles for the individual territories such as duke or count....
. His greatest work were frescoes in the library.http://www4.ncsu.edu/~crm/Etcetera/rhetoric.htmhttp://www.delacuadra.net/escorial/tx-es-it.htmhttp://www.jdiezarnal.com/public/elescorial.html After nine years, he returned to Italy and was appointed architect of the Duomo of Milan
Duomo di Milano
Milan Cathedral is the cathedral church of Milan, Italy. Dedicated to Santa Maria Nascente , it is the seat of the Archbishop of Milan, currently Cardinal Angelo Scola....
until his death in Milan in 1592.
Pellegrino's brother, Domenico Pellegrino Tibaldi was an engraver active in Bologna. Among his pupils were Orazio Samacchini, Lorenzo Sabbatini
Lorenzo Sabbatini
Lorenzo Sabbatini was an Italian painter of the Renaissance.-Biography:Sabbatini was born in Bologna.Nicknamed Lorenzino da Bologna, studied with Prospero Fontana, who was his teacher and collaborator...
, and Girolamo Miruoli.
Partial anthology of works
- Marriage of St. Catherine - Pinacoteca, Bologna
- St Michael fresco - Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome
- The Adoration of Christ by Shepherds - Galleria Borghese, Romehttp://gallery.euroweb.hu/html/t/tibaldi/adoratio.html
- Conception of John the Baptist (1555) - San Giorgio Maggiore, Bologna
- Preaching to the Multitude, (San Giorgio Maggiore, Bologna)
- Holy Family and Saint John the Baptist (attributed) - Indianapolis Museum of Art
- Baptism of Christ - Ancona
- Altarpiece - Sant'Agostino, Ancona
- Incredulity of Thomas (1565) - drawing, 1565, Ambrosiana, Milanhttp://www.getty.edu/art/collections/bio/a746-1.html
- The Incredulity of Thomas (recto); Study for the Figure of Thomas (verso) - drawing, Getty Museum http://www.getty.edu/art/collections/objects/o108657.html
- The Beheading of St. John the Baptist - Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan
- Madonna and Child - Private collectionhttp://www.theitalians.com.au/theitalians/Detail.cfm?IRN=161170
- Holy Family and Holy Elizabethhttp://heilige-familie-und-die-hl-elisabeth-5483.gemaelde-webkatalog.de/
- Allegory of Silence (1569) - Museo Civico, Bologna
- Blinding of Polyphemus - Palazzo Sanguinettihttp://monsters.monstrous.com/odysseus_blinding_polypheme.htm
- Life of the Virgin - Escorial, Madrid
- Passion of Christ - Escorial, Madrid
- Ecce Homo (1589) - El Escorial, Madrid
- St. Michael - El Escorial, Madridhttp://www.artehistoria.com/frames.htm?http://www.artehistoria.com/genios/cuadros/6446.htm
- Martyrdom of St. Lawrence - Escorial, Madridhttp://www.wga.hu/frames-e.html?/html/t/tibaldi/