Penlink
Encyclopedia
Penlink is the nickname for a roading project that is to create a quicker route between the Whangaparaoa Peninsula
Whangaparaoa Peninsula
Whangaparaoa Peninsula is a peninsula and suburban area, around 25 km north of Auckland, New Zealand. Part of Rodney District, as of 2006, it had 22,788 residents, many of them in the eponymous town of Whangaparaoa on its southern side.-Geography:...

 and central Auckland
Auckland
The Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...

 in New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

. It would provide a second access off the Whangaparaoa Peninsula, and is claimed by some to be needed to unlocking large amounts of commercial land and to contribute up to $173 million to GDP during the build of the Penlink project and the estimated employment of more than 5000 jobs. It has been proposed variously to be a toll road, and then was envisaged to be paid for by a part of the income from a regional fuel tax (which was then cancelled later by the National government).

The project's planning was originally being undertaken by Rodney District Council, Auckland Regional Council
Auckland Regional Council
The Auckland Regional Council was the regional council of the Auckland Region. Its predecessor the Auckland Regional Authority was formed in 1963 and became the ARC in 1989...

, and Transit New Zealand
Transit New Zealand
Transit New Zealand was, from 1989 to 2008, the New Zealand Crown entity responsible for operating and planning the New Zealand State Highway network...

 before 2010. With the creation of the Auckland Supercity on the 1st November 2010 the project now sits with the Auckland Council
Auckland Council
The Auckland Council is the council for the Auckland Region in New Zealand. It began operating on 1 November 2010, combining the functions of the existing regional council and the region's seven previous city and district councils into one "super council" or "super city" governed by a mayor, 20...

.

Penlink would connect Whangaparaoa Peninsula
Whangaparaoa Peninsula
Whangaparaoa Peninsula is a peninsula and suburban area, around 25 km north of Auckland, New Zealand. Part of Rodney District, as of 2006, it had 22,788 residents, many of them in the eponymous town of Whangaparaoa on its southern side.-Geography:...

 with State Highway 1
State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand roading network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the official designations SH 1N in the North Island, SH 1S in the...

 at Redvale, effectively connecting the urban area referred to as Hibiscus Coast and Bays, which is predicted to run from Waiwera
Waiwera
Waiwera is a locality situated in the north of the Auckland Region in New Zealand. The name is of Māori origin and means "Hot Water" . Its main claim to fame are the hot water springs which were well-known in pre-European times and reputedly visited by Māori from as far away as Thames...

 south down the eastern coastline into Campbells Bay
Campbells Bay
Campbells Bay is a suburb in Auckland City in New Zealand. The suburb is under the local governance of the Auckland Council. The population was 2,316 in the 2006 Census, an increase of 111 from 2001...

.
Although Whangaparaoa is part of Metropolitan Auckland, no roads directly connect it with the rest; commuters have to leave the metropolitan limits to travel via Silverdale, further up the Northern Motorway.

Environmental effects

The proposed road is expected to disrupt the natural habitat of a range of species, and bring more housing and development to Whangaparaoa, considered by many to be a case of further spawl. For this reason a range of environmentalists are against the Penlink project and have threatened with protests. Greenpeace have confirmed that they have no official opinion on the Penlink project. Flax snails, or as they are locally known 'Pupuharakeke' is the mains snail species that will be affected. Before human settlement, these giant snails were once widespread around the top and near the east coast in Northland. However, all three species are no longer common and inhabit a more restricted area ofNorthland and nearby offshore islands.

Opposition

A range of surveys conducted by the relevant council has indicated that there is a significant amount of groups that are against the construction of Penlink. The Forest Preservation Group Inc. are one of the main groups against Penlink. In their opinion, Penlink will use money that could be used to plant more trees and create more forests. These forests will provide natural habitats for indigenous species and decrease the carbon footprint of NZ.
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