Pennington, Hampshire
Encyclopedia
Pennington is a village in Hampshire
, England
. It is situated in the town of Lymington
, and is in the civil parish
of Lymington and Pennington. The settlement is located in the southern part of the New Forest
, near the shore of the Solent
.
. The manor is recorded as Penyton in the 12th century, and Penington in 1272. The origin of the name is not known, but it might mean "Penny Farm". The manor of Pennington was held in the 13th century by the de Clares, whose descendants continued to be overlords till it passed to the Crown
following the execution of the Earl of Salisbury
in 1499. At the beginning of the 14th century, John de Acton, who held the manor for a knight's fee from the de Clares, split the estate into three parts, conveying two of the parts to John Neyrnoit or Nervett, and keeping one for himself. John Nervett soon re-granted one of the parts back to John de Acton, but henceforth, the estate was generally divided into thirds. That which John Nervett owned became known, from the 16th century onwards, as the manor of Pennington Narvett.
Two mediaeval mills
at Efford and Gordleston still exist as places and names. There was also a chantry chapel at Pennington, the earliest known record of which dates from 1285. The advowson
of the chapel seems to have belonged to the three lords of Pennington, and the chapel was dedicated to Mary Magdalene
. The last-mentioned record of the chapel shows that it survived the confiscations of 1547–8. The first parish church in Pennington, dedicated to Saint Mark, was erected in 1839. The church was replaced with the current building around 1858-60.
A Milford and Pennington Parish Council was created in 1894 and a separate Pennington Parish Council in 1911. However, in 1932, Pennington was absorbed by Lymington Borough, and it is now part of Lymington and Pennington Town Council.
With the establishment of the New Forest National Park Authority in March 2005, much of Pennington (all of Pennington Common) falls under the planning and land control of the Authority.
s for the local salt
industry.
Hampshire
Hampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. It is situated in the town of Lymington
Lymington
Lymington is a port on the west bank of the Lymington River on the Solent, in the New Forest district of Hampshire, England. It is to the east of the South East Dorset conurbation, and faces Yarmouth on the Isle of Wight which is connected to it by a car ferry, operated by Wightlink. The town...
, and is in the civil parish
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
of Lymington and Pennington. The settlement is located in the southern part of the New Forest
New Forest
The New Forest is an area of southern England which includes the largest remaining tracts of unenclosed pasture land, heathland and forest in the heavily-populated south east of England. It covers south-west Hampshire and extends into south-east Wiltshire....
, near the shore of the Solent
Solent
The Solent is a strait separating the Isle of Wight from the mainland of England.The Solent is a major shipping route for passengers, freight and military vessels. It is an important recreational area for water sports, particularly yachting, hosting the Cowes Week sailing event annually...
.
Overview
Pennington has a large number of villagers, with various types of housing. There are also a number of shops, including a One Stop Convenience Store with Post Office, a fish and chip shop, bakery, pharmacy, charity shop and a hairdresser. There are five public houses — The Wheel Inn, The Musketeers, The Sportsmans Arms, the White Hart and the Chequers. There are three large schools, Pennington Infants and Junior, Priestlands Secondary and a leisure centre, all situated within the village.History
Pennington is now mainly a residential suburb of Lymington, but it was for centuries a separate manorManor
-Land tenure:*Manor, an estate in land of the mediaeval era in England*Manorialism, a system of land tenure and organization of the rural economy and society in parts of medieval Europe based on the manor*Manor house, the principal house of a manor...
. The manor is recorded as Penyton in the 12th century, and Penington in 1272. The origin of the name is not known, but it might mean "Penny Farm". The manor of Pennington was held in the 13th century by the de Clares, whose descendants continued to be overlords till it passed to the Crown
The Crown
The Crown is a corporation sole that in the Commonwealth realms and any provincial or state sub-divisions thereof represents the legal embodiment of governance, whether executive, legislative, or judicial...
following the execution of the Earl of Salisbury
Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick
Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick was the son of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and a potential claimant to the English throne during the reigns of both Richard III and his successor, Henry VII...
in 1499. At the beginning of the 14th century, John de Acton, who held the manor for a knight's fee from the de Clares, split the estate into three parts, conveying two of the parts to John Neyrnoit or Nervett, and keeping one for himself. John Nervett soon re-granted one of the parts back to John de Acton, but henceforth, the estate was generally divided into thirds. That which John Nervett owned became known, from the 16th century onwards, as the manor of Pennington Narvett.
Two mediaeval mills
Watermill
A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping .- History :...
at Efford and Gordleston still exist as places and names. There was also a chantry chapel at Pennington, the earliest known record of which dates from 1285. The advowson
Advowson
Advowson is the right in English law of a patron to present or appoint a nominee to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living, a process known as presentation. In effect this means the right to nominate a person to hold a church office in a parish...
of the chapel seems to have belonged to the three lords of Pennington, and the chapel was dedicated to Mary Magdalene
Mary Magdalene
Mary Magdalene was one of Jesus' most celebrated disciples, and the most important woman disciple in the movement of Jesus. Jesus cleansed her of "seven demons", conventionally interpreted as referring to complex illnesses...
. The last-mentioned record of the chapel shows that it survived the confiscations of 1547–8. The first parish church in Pennington, dedicated to Saint Mark, was erected in 1839. The church was replaced with the current building around 1858-60.
A Milford and Pennington Parish Council was created in 1894 and a separate Pennington Parish Council in 1911. However, in 1932, Pennington was absorbed by Lymington Borough, and it is now part of Lymington and Pennington Town Council.
With the establishment of the New Forest National Park Authority in March 2005, much of Pennington (all of Pennington Common) falls under the planning and land control of the Authority.
Pennington marshes
To the south of Pennington lie Pennington marshes, an area of marsh and tidal muds, formerly used as salternSaltern
Saltern is a word with a number of differing meanings. In English archaeology, a saltern is an area used for salt making, especially in the East Anglian fenlands....
s for the local salt
Salt
In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of cations and anions so that the product is electrically neutral...
industry.