Perisai Diri
Encyclopedia
Perisai Diri is a style of pencak silat
. The term literally means "shield of oneself".
by Pak De, with the assistance of Imam Ramelan. After Pak De's death in 1983, the Indonesian government granted him the title of Pendekar Purna Utama, the highest rank for a pendekar
.
. The West Sumatrans simply supplied a young calf with razors upon its small horns. The large buffalo not seeing the threat allowed the young calf close as it came to suckle milk. Upon it trying to suckle it sliced the large buffalo's stomach, making the young buffalo the victor. The Minang technique is much like the point of this story; seemingly harmless yet brutal in its application.
Garuda
Based on Garuda
, the king of eagle
s and destroyer of snake
s in Hindu-Buddhist mythology. The great wings of this powerful bird are used to deflect attacks and to deliver powerful counter attacks. The forearms are adapted as the wings of Garuda and are used in long powerful chopping/cutting actions, the agility is maintained as Garuda fights in the air circling around the opponent delivering blows from behind.
By practicing the Garuda form, the exponent develops powerful forearms that are used like batons against the opponents neck, throat and collar bones.The elbows are also used in this close quarters technique, in all directions - inside, outside, up and down. A Garuda stylist is adept at attacking someone standing behind. Along with the outside forearm and elbow strikes, the Garuda form also uses a heel kick to the groin which hooks straight up to the groin from behind.
Tiger
The tiger
technique is ferocious and powerful. Utilizing the momentum behind full body movements, the practitioner uses palms and fingers to deliver knock out, bone crushing blows and gouge at eyes, throat and groin. This technique uses a claw-formed hand, which through training is developed into a vice-like grip. In the tiger form, pouncing and jumping moves are used to attack with surprising speed and power, overwhelming the assailant quickly and efficiently.
Dragon
The naga uses serpentine twisting, diving, coiling and straightening movements to generate enormous power through its body. Also through this action it is able to escape from various locks, holds and grappling attacks. The naga form uses these same movements for countering, with lifts, throws, breaks and chokes. It also incorporates ground sweeps, large circular sweeps both inside and out side, used as a take down, by attacking the legs of an opponent. The main strikes are:
- Downward striking elbows and forearms, aimed at the opponent’s neck, collar bones and spine.
-Upward and forward strikes, with fingers thumbs and concave palms. The thumbs and fingers are used by spearing into an opponents, eyes or throat and the palms striking to the nose, chin and collar bones.
(warrior), pendeta
(monk) and putri (princess
).
Pencak Silat
Pencak silat is an umbrella term for the indigenous martial arts created in Indonesia. The leading organization of pencak silat in Indonesia is IPSI...
. The term literally means "shield of oneself".
Origins
The founder of Perisai Diri was Raden Mas Soebandiman Dirdjoatmodjo, better known by his nickname of Pak De. He began practicing pencak silat in his childhood and had experience in several styles such as cimande, silek, kuningan, East Javanese silat, and silat Betawi. Pak De also spent 14 years studying a southern Chinese martial art under Yap Kie San in Parakan. Perisai Diri was founded on July 2, 1955 in SurabayaSurabaya
Surabaya is Indonesia's second-largest city with a population of over 2.7 million , and the capital of the province of East Java...
by Pak De, with the assistance of Imam Ramelan. After Pak De's death in 1983, the Indonesian government granted him the title of Pendekar Purna Utama, the highest rank for a pendekar
Pendekar
Pendekar or pandikar is a Malay word used to refer to or address masters of the martial arts, particularly silat. Not all masters carry the honorary title; it must be either officially bestowed by royalty or unofficially by commonfolk. The latter is most common today, especially outside Southeast...
.
Techniques
Perisai Diri focuses on practical, straight movements that "respect the natural anatomy". Practitioners explain the different levels in the style this way: With the quick and elusive bird techniques and the vicious overwhelming power of the tiger and dragon technique.Minangkabau
The martial arts of the Minangkabau region (known collectively as silek) in West Sumatra are among the oldest in Indonesia and are characterised by their focus on ground-fighting. According to Minang folklore, the Javanese were once intent on capturing West Sumatra. To decide the outcome without resorting to a full-scale war, the two sides agreed to hold a buffalo-fight. The Javanese produced a large, vicious and angry buffaloWater Buffalo
The water buffalo or domestic Asian water buffalo is a large bovine animal, frequently used as livestock in southern Asia, and also widely in South America, southern Europe, northern Africa, and elsewhere....
. The West Sumatrans simply supplied a young calf with razors upon its small horns. The large buffalo not seeing the threat allowed the young calf close as it came to suckle milk. Upon it trying to suckle it sliced the large buffalo's stomach, making the young buffalo the victor. The Minang technique is much like the point of this story; seemingly harmless yet brutal in its application.
Water fowl (burung mliwis)
Based on a very fast and agile bird that hops around catching fish and insects, this technique uses light and evasive movements with powerful but precise strikes, made with the finger tips together to form a beak shape.Tailless egret (burung kuntul)
Like the water fowl, the egret is a bird form that relies on speed and agility. This form uses the second knuckles of a half closed fist for direct jabbing attacks and jumping movements to keep the opponent at bay, while picking vulnerable targets to drive the spear-like "beak" into. It also uses a stomp/jab low kick aimed at the opponent's knees.GarudaGarudaThe Garuda is a large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology.From an Indian perspective, Garuda is the Hindu name for the constellation Aquila and...
Based on GarudaGaruda
The Garuda is a large mythical bird or bird-like creature that appears in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology.From an Indian perspective, Garuda is the Hindu name for the constellation Aquila and...
, the king of eagle
Eagle
Eagles are members of the bird family Accipitridae, and belong to several genera which are not necessarily closely related to each other. Most of the more than 60 species occur in Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just two species can be found in the United States and Canada, nine more in...
s and destroyer of snake
Snake
Snakes are elongate, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales...
s in Hindu-Buddhist mythology. The great wings of this powerful bird are used to deflect attacks and to deliver powerful counter attacks. The forearms are adapted as the wings of Garuda and are used in long powerful chopping/cutting actions, the agility is maintained as Garuda fights in the air circling around the opponent delivering blows from behind.
By practicing the Garuda form, the exponent develops powerful forearms that are used like batons against the opponents neck, throat and collar bones.The elbows are also used in this close quarters technique, in all directions - inside, outside, up and down. A Garuda stylist is adept at attacking someone standing behind. Along with the outside forearm and elbow strikes, the Garuda form also uses a heel kick to the groin which hooks straight up to the groin from behind.
TigerTigerThe tiger is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to and weighing up to . Their most recognizable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with lighter underparts...
(harimau)
The tigerTiger
The tiger is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to and weighing up to . Their most recognizable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with lighter underparts...
technique is ferocious and powerful. Utilizing the momentum behind full body movements, the practitioner uses palms and fingers to deliver knock out, bone crushing blows and gouge at eyes, throat and groin. This technique uses a claw-formed hand, which through training is developed into a vice-like grip. In the tiger form, pouncing and jumping moves are used to attack with surprising speed and power, overwhelming the assailant quickly and efficiently.
DragonDragonA dragon is a legendary creature, typically with serpentine or reptilian traits, that feature in the myths of many cultures. There are two distinct cultural traditions of dragons: the European dragon, derived from European folk traditions and ultimately related to Greek and Middle Eastern...
(nagaNagaNaga or NAGA may refer to:* Nāga, a group of serpent deities in Hindu and Buddhist mythology.-People:* Nayan / Nayar/Nair people of Kerala Society* Naga people, a diverse ethnic identity in Northeast India...
)
The naga uses serpentine twisting, diving, coiling and straightening movements to generate enormous power through its body. Also through this action it is able to escape from various locks, holds and grappling attacks. The naga form uses these same movements for countering, with lifts, throws, breaks and chokes. It also incorporates ground sweeps, large circular sweeps both inside and out side, used as a take down, by attacking the legs of an opponent. The main strikes are:- Downward striking elbows and forearms, aimed at the opponent’s neck, collar bones and spine.
-Upward and forward strikes, with fingers thumbs and concave palms. The thumbs and fingers are used by spearing into an opponents, eyes or throat and the palms striking to the nose, chin and collar bones.
Human forms
The final three forms are reserved for the higher levels as they require a higher understanding of the system. Rather than animals, they are based on the satriaKshatriya
*For the Bollywood film of the same name see Kshatriya Kshatriya or Kashtriya, meaning warrior, is one of the four varnas in Hinduism...
(warrior), pendeta
Pandita
Paṇḍita is a Sanskrit word meaning learned master. The word pundit is derived from pandit or pandita...
(monk) and putri (princess
Princess
Princess is the feminine form of prince . Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or his daughters....
).
Weapons
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