Permanent marker
Encyclopedia
A permanent marker is a type of marker pen
that is used
to create permanent writing on an object. Generally the liquid is water resistant, contains a solvent such as xylene
, toluene
, or alcohol
and is capable of writing on a variety of surfaces from paper
to metal
to stone
. They come in a variety of tip sizes (ultra fine to wide), shapes (chisel point, bullet tip, and wide bristle), and colors (metallic, non metallic, or ultraviolet
reactive).
Like spray paint, these markers give off volatile organic compounds and are commonly used in the drawing of graffiti
.
Some of the most recently made permanent markers are made from recycled plastic.
The permanent marker was invented in 1952 by Sidney Rosenthal
.Sidney Rosenthal was born in the year 1906 and died in the year 1979.
.
These markers are generally not truly permanent, on hard, non-porous surfaces, because instead of staining they form a surface layer that can be removed by high pressure cleaning or paint thinning
solvent
s such as acetone
, and they will eventually wear away over time, or fade in sunlight.
Some markers are designed to be long lasting, for instance by having two inks, one specialized to resist solvents, and one specialized not to fade. These can be available in refillable form.
A permanent marker can also be removed by drawing over it with a dry erase marker on certain surfaces such as a whiteboard
as it contains acetone
.
An alcohol-based product (such as aftershave) and some paper towel is also effective in removing permanent marker. Simply apply the alcohol and wash clean with the paper towel. It works better on smooth, hard surfaces like computers, tile and linoleum.
Marker pen
thumb|MarkerA marker pen, marking pen, felt-tip pen, flow or marker, is a pen which has its own ink-source, and usually a tip made of a porous, pressed fibres; such as felt or nylon.-Permanent marker:...
that is used
Used
Used may refer to:*Used good, goods of any type that have been used before*Used , a village in Huesca, Aragon, Spain*Used , a town in Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain...
to create permanent writing on an object. Generally the liquid is water resistant, contains a solvent such as xylene
Xylene
Xylene encompasses three isomers of dimethylbenzene. The isomers are distinguished by the designations ortho- , meta- , and para- , which specify to which carbon atoms the two methyl groups are attached...
, toluene
Toluene
Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, i.e., one in which a single hydrogen atom from the benzene molecule has been replaced by a univalent group, in this case CH3.It is an aromatic...
, or alcohol
Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxy functional group is bound to a carbon atom. In particular, this carbon center should be saturated, having single bonds to three other atoms....
and is capable of writing on a variety of surfaces from paper
Paper
Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing or for packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
to metal
Metal
A metal , is an element, compound, or alloy that is a good conductor of both electricity and heat. Metals are usually malleable and shiny, that is they reflect most of incident light...
to stone
Rock (geology)
In geology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock. In general rocks are of three types, namely, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic...
. They come in a variety of tip sizes (ultra fine to wide), shapes (chisel point, bullet tip, and wide bristle), and colors (metallic, non metallic, or ultraviolet
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than that of visible light, but longer than X-rays, in the range 10 nm to 400 nm, and energies from 3 eV to 124 eV...
reactive).
Like spray paint, these markers give off volatile organic compounds and are commonly used in the drawing of graffiti
Graffiti
Graffiti is the name for images or lettering scratched, scrawled, painted or marked in any manner on property....
.
Some of the most recently made permanent markers are made from recycled plastic.
The permanent marker was invented in 1952 by Sidney Rosenthal
Sidney Rosenthal
Sidney Rosenthal , from Richmond Hill, New York, is credited with inventing what is now known as a Magic Marker in 1953.-References:* retrieved 3rd April 2011...
.Sidney Rosenthal was born in the year 1906 and died in the year 1979.
Removal
Most brands of "permanent" marker wipe off easily with acetone free nail polish remover, the kind containing ethyl acetateEthyl acetate
Ethyl acetate is the organic compound with the formula CH3COOCH2CH3. This colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell and is used in glues, nail polish removers, and cigarettes...
.
These markers are generally not truly permanent, on hard, non-porous surfaces, because instead of staining they form a surface layer that can be removed by high pressure cleaning or paint thinning
Paint thinner
A paint thinner is a solvent used to thin oil-based paints or clean up after their use, although all such solvents have other uses. Commercially, "paint thinner" is usually a name for mineral spirits.Products used as paint thinners include:*Mineral spirits...
solvent
Solvent
A solvent is a liquid, solid, or gas that dissolves another solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature...
s such as acetone
Acetone
Acetone is the organic compound with the formula 2CO, a colorless, mobile, flammable liquid, the simplest example of the ketones.Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important solvent in its own right, typically as the solvent of choice for cleaning purposes in the laboratory...
, and they will eventually wear away over time, or fade in sunlight.
Some markers are designed to be long lasting, for instance by having two inks, one specialized to resist solvents, and one specialized not to fade. These can be available in refillable form.
A permanent marker can also be removed by drawing over it with a dry erase marker on certain surfaces such as a whiteboard
Whiteboard
A whiteboard is a name for any glossy, usually white surface for nonpermanent markings. Whiteboards are analogous to chalkboards, allowing rapid marking and erasing of markings on their surface...
as it contains acetone
Acetone
Acetone is the organic compound with the formula 2CO, a colorless, mobile, flammable liquid, the simplest example of the ketones.Acetone is miscible with water and serves as an important solvent in its own right, typically as the solvent of choice for cleaning purposes in the laboratory...
.
An alcohol-based product (such as aftershave) and some paper towel is also effective in removing permanent marker. Simply apply the alcohol and wash clean with the paper towel. It works better on smooth, hard surfaces like computers, tile and linoleum.