Peter of Callinicum or Peter III of Raqqa was the non-Chalcedonian

Non-Chalcedonian

Non-Chalcedonianism is the view of those churches that accepted the First Council of Ephesus of 431, but, for varying reasons, did not accept allegiance to the Council of Chalcedon following it in 451. The most substantial Non-Chalcedonian tradition is known as Oriental Orthodoxy...

 39th patriarch of Antioch

Patriarch of Antioch

Patriarch of Antioch is a traditional title held by the Bishop of Antioch. As the traditional "overseer" of the first gentile Christian community, the position has been of prime importance in the church from its earliest period...

 (from 581 until his death in 591) who responded at length in Syriac to accusations of tritheism

Tritheism

Tritheism is the belief that there are three distinct, powerful gods, who form a triad. Generally three gods are envisaged as having separate powers and separate supreme beings or spheres of influence but working together...

 formulated by his colleague Damian of Alexandria

Pope Damian of Alexandria

Pope Damian of Alexandria was the 35th Coptic Orthodox Pope of Alexandria . He is regarded as a saint by the Coptic Orthodox Church, with a feast day of 18 Ba'unah, that is, 25 June....

 (557/8-606/7) in his Adversus Tritheistas or Many-lined Letter. The work abounds in citations from earlier Greek authors, including the Cappadocians, John Chrysostom

John Chrysostom

John Chrysostom , Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father. He is known for his eloquence in preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of abuse of authority by both ecclesiastical and political leaders, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, and his ascetic...

, Cyril of Alexandria

Cyril of Alexandria

Cyril of Alexandria was the Patriarch of Alexandria from 412 to 444. He came to power when the city was at its height of influence and power within the Roman Empire. Cyril wrote extensively and was a leading protagonist in the Christological controversies of the later 4th and 5th centuries...

 as well as Severus of Antioch

Severus of Antioch

Severus, Patriarch of Antioch , born approximately 465 in Sozopolis in Pisidia, was by birth and education a pagan, who was baptized in the "precinct of the divine martyr Leontius" at Tripoli, Lebanon.- Life :...

, translated into Syriac. It deals intensively with the theological and philosophical terminology involved with and illustrates the consequences of the rejection of the Chalcedonian Definition in Syriac monastic circles.

Works

• Petri Callinicensis Patriarchae Antiocheni Tractatus contra Damianum, ed. and tr. by R.Y.Ebied, A.Van Roey, L.R. Wickham, Corpus Christianorum
  Corpus Christianorum
  The Corpus Christianorum is a major publishing undertaking of the Belgian publisher Brepols devoted to patristic and medieval Latin texts. The principal series are the Series Graeca , Series Latina , and the Continuatio Mediaevalis...
  
  , Series Graeca 29, 1994;32, 1996; 54, 2003.