Philip IV, Count of Waldeck
Encyclopedia
Count Philip IV of Waldeck (born: 1493 at Friedrichstein Castle in Bad Wildungen
; died: 30 November 1574 at Waldeck Castle in Waldeck
) was Count of Waldeck-Wildungen from 1513 to 1574. In 1526, he and his uncle Philip III of Waldeck-Eisenberg led the Lutheran Reformation
in the county of Waldeck.
)). In 1553, he succeeded his father as ruler of the soutern part of the County of Waldeck. He ruled for 61 years, the logest of all the counts and princes of Waldeck. until 1512, he was known as Philip the Younger; from 1512 until November 1524 as Philip the Middle and thereafter as Philip the Elder.
(in Luxembourg), where his father was governor and later he spent some time at the French royal court. He met his first wife, Margaret of East Frisia at the Diet of Worms
in 1521. There, he also met Martin Luther
and became a follower of Luther's teachings. As early as 1525, the vast majority of the population of Waldeck and northern Hesse had converted to Lutheranism
and in Waldeck an order from Count Philip and his uncle, Philip III specifically prescribed Protestant sermons. Philip invited Johann Hefentreger, who had been expelled from Fritzlar
in the Electorate of Mainz, for a trial sermon in Bad Wildungen, which Johann held on 29 April 1526. The trial was a success and Philip and his uncle appointed Johann as town pastor in Bad Wildungen. Johann held his inaugural sermon on 17 June 1526. On 26 June 1526, Johann held a Lutheran service in the City Church of Waldeck and thereby officially introduced Lutheranism in the County of Waldeck, four months before Landgrave Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
introduced the Reformation in neighbouring Hesse
at the Synod of Homberg
. Later that year, Philip and his cousin Wolrad II of Waldeck-Eisenburg. following the advice of the reformer Adam Krafft, founded the Lutheran State Church of Waldeck at the monastery in Volkhardinghausen.
Johann Hefentreger was appointed visitor
and later implemented the order of the two counts to dissolve the monasteries, following the Hessian example. Monasteries were dissolved at Berich, Flechtdorf, Netze, Ober-Werbe, Schaaken and Volkhardinghausen, but with the proviso that they would remain open until the death of the last spiritual resident. The income of the secularized
monasteries was used to found charitabe foundation and in 1578 as the basis for the county's first gymnasium
, the Old County School at Korbach
.
in the Nicholas chapel of the church of Marienthal monastery in Netze (now part of the city of Waldeck
. Philip was succeeded as Count of Waldeck-Wildungen by his son Daniel.
Bad Wildungen
Bad Wildungen is a state-run spa and a small town in Waldeck-Frankenberg district in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Framework Road.-Geography:-Location:...
; died: 30 November 1574 at Waldeck Castle in Waldeck
Waldeck, Hesse
Waldeck is a small town in Waldeck-Frankenberg district in northwestern Hesse, Germany.-Location:Waldeck lies on the Edersee, a man-made lake...
) was Count of Waldeck-Wildungen from 1513 to 1574. In 1526, he and his uncle Philip III of Waldeck-Eisenberg led the Lutheran Reformation
Reformation
- Movements :* Protestant Reformation, an attempt by Martin Luther to reform the Roman Catholic Church that resulted in a schism, and grew into a wider movement...
in the county of Waldeck.
Background
Philip was the son of Count Henry VIII of Waldeck and his wife Anastasia of Runkel. He was at Friedrichstein Castle in Alt-Wildungen (now part of Bad WildungenBad Wildungen
Bad Wildungen is a state-run spa and a small town in Waldeck-Frankenberg district in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Framework Road.-Geography:-Location:...
)). In 1553, he succeeded his father as ruler of the soutern part of the County of Waldeck. He ruled for 61 years, the logest of all the counts and princes of Waldeck. until 1512, he was known as Philip the Younger; from 1512 until November 1524 as Philip the Middle and thereafter as Philip the Elder.
Reformation
Philip spent his youth in ViandenVianden
Vianden is a commune with city status in the Oesling, north-eastern Luxembourg, with over 1,500 inhabitants. It is the capital of the canton of Vianden, which is part of the district of Diekirch. Vianden lies on the Our river, near the border between Luxembourg and Germany., the town of Vianden,...
(in Luxembourg), where his father was governor and later he spent some time at the French royal court. He met his first wife, Margaret of East Frisia at the Diet of Worms
Diet of Worms
The Diet of Worms 1521 was a diet that took place in Worms, Germany, and is most memorable for the Edict of Worms , which addressed Martin Luther and the effects of the Protestant Reformation.It was conducted from 28 January to 25 May 1521, with Emperor Charles V presiding.Other Imperial diets at...
in 1521. There, he also met Martin Luther
Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a German priest, professor of theology and iconic figure of the Protestant Reformation. He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money. He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517...
and became a follower of Luther's teachings. As early as 1525, the vast majority of the population of Waldeck and northern Hesse had converted to Lutheranism
Lutheranism
Lutheranism is a major branch of Western Christianity that identifies with the theology of Martin Luther, a German reformer. Luther's efforts to reform the theology and practice of the church launched the Protestant Reformation...
and in Waldeck an order from Count Philip and his uncle, Philip III specifically prescribed Protestant sermons. Philip invited Johann Hefentreger, who had been expelled from Fritzlar
Fritzlar
Fritzlar is a small German town in the Schwalm-Eder district in northern Hesse, north of Frankfurt, with a storied history. It can reasonably be argued that the town is the site where the Christianization of northern Germany began and the birthplace of the German empire as a political entity.The...
in the Electorate of Mainz, for a trial sermon in Bad Wildungen, which Johann held on 29 April 1526. The trial was a success and Philip and his uncle appointed Johann as town pastor in Bad Wildungen. Johann held his inaugural sermon on 17 June 1526. On 26 June 1526, Johann held a Lutheran service in the City Church of Waldeck and thereby officially introduced Lutheranism in the County of Waldeck, four months before Landgrave Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
Philip I of Hesse, , nicknamed der Großmütige was a leading champion of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany....
introduced the Reformation in neighbouring Hesse
Hesse
Hesse or Hessia is both a cultural region of Germany and the name of an individual German state.* The cultural region of Hesse includes both the State of Hesse and the area known as Rhenish Hesse in the neighbouring Rhineland-Palatinate state...
at the Synod of Homberg
Synod of Homberg
Synod of Homberg consisted of the clergy, the nobility, and the representatives of cities, and was held October 20–22, 1526. The synod is remarkable for a premature scheme of democratic church government and discipline, which failed for the time, but contained fruitful germs for the future and for...
. Later that year, Philip and his cousin Wolrad II of Waldeck-Eisenburg. following the advice of the reformer Adam Krafft, founded the Lutheran State Church of Waldeck at the monastery in Volkhardinghausen.
Johann Hefentreger was appointed visitor
Visitor
A Visitor, in United Kingdom law and history, is an overseer of an autonomous ecclesiastical or eleemosynary institution , who can intervene in the internal affairs of that institution...
and later implemented the order of the two counts to dissolve the monasteries, following the Hessian example. Monasteries were dissolved at Berich, Flechtdorf, Netze, Ober-Werbe, Schaaken and Volkhardinghausen, but with the proviso that they would remain open until the death of the last spiritual resident. The income of the secularized
Secularization
Secularization is the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward non-religious values and secular institutions...
monasteries was used to found charitabe foundation and in 1578 as the basis for the county's first gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
, the Old County School at Korbach
Korbach
Korbach is the district seat of Waldeck-Frankenberg in northern Hesse, Germany. It is over a thousand years old and a former Hanseatic town. It is located on the German Framework Road.- Geography and geology :...
.
Death
Philip died at the age of 80 at Waldeck Castle, the ancestral home of the family. He was buried on 4 December 1574 in the family burial vaultBurial vault (tomb)
A burial vault is a structural underground tomb.It is a stone or brick-lined underground space or 'burial' chamber for the interment of a dead body or bodies. They were originally and are still often vaulted and usually have stone slab entrances...
in the Nicholas chapel of the church of Marienthal monastery in Netze (now part of the city of Waldeck
Waldeck, Hesse
Waldeck is a small town in Waldeck-Frankenberg district in northwestern Hesse, Germany.-Location:Waldeck lies on the Edersee, a man-made lake...
. Philip was succeeded as Count of Waldeck-Wildungen by his son Daniel.
Marriage and issue
Philip was married three times.- On the 17 February 1523 in EmdenEmdenEmden is a city and seaport in the northwest of Germany, on the river Ems. It is the main city of the region of East Frisia; in 2006, the city had a total population of 51,692.-History:...
, he married Margaret (born: 1500; died: 15 July 1537), a daughter of Count Edzard IEdzard I, Count of East FrisiaEdzard I, also Edzard the Great, was count of East Frisia from 1491 till his death in 1528.Edzard succeeded his brother Enno in 1492. He fought with George, Duke of Saxony over Friesland and Groningen...
of East Frisia and Countess Elizabeth of Rietberg. They had the following children:- Ernst (born: 1523 or 1524; died: 1527)
- Elizabeth (born: 10 December 1525; died: 30 March 1543 at Waldeck Castle), married in 1542 with Count Reinhard of IsenburgIsenburgIsenburg was a region of Germany located in southern present-day Hesse, located in territories north and south of Frankfurt. The states of Isenburg emerged from the Niederlahngau , which partitioned in 1137 into Isenburg-Isenburg and Isenburg-Limburg-Covern...
(died: 28 February 1568) - Samuel (born: 2 May 1528 at Waldeck Castle; died: 6 January 1570 at Friedrichstein Castle in Bad WildungenBad WildungenBad Wildungen is a state-run spa and a small town in Waldeck-Frankenberg district in Hesse, Germany. It is located on the German Framework Road.-Geography:-Location:...
), married on 8 October 1554 with Anna Maria (1538–1583), daughter of Count Henry XXXII of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg. - Daniel, Count of Waldeck-Wildungen (born: 1 August 1530; died: 7 June 1577 in Waldeck); he succeeded Philip as the ruling Count of Waldeck-Wildungen and married on 11 November 1568 with Barbara of HesseBarbara of HesseBarbara of Hesse, Duchess of Württemberg-Mömpelgard was a German noblewoman, and the wife of Duke George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard. Her second husband was Count Daniel of Waldeck.- Family :...
(1536–1597), daughter of Landgrave Philip IPhilip I, Landgrave of HessePhilip I of Hesse, , nicknamed der Großmütige was a leading champion of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany....
of HesseLandgraviate of HesseThe Landgraviate of Hesse was a Landgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a unity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided between the sons of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse.-History:...
and widow of Duke George I of Württemberg-Montbéliard - Henry VIIHenry VII, Count of WaldeckHenry VII of Waldeck was Count of Waldeck from 1397 until his death, and acted several times as bailiff for the Electorate of Mainz in Upper and Lower Hesse.- Life :...
, Count of Waldeck-Wildungen (born: 10 December 1531; died: 3 October 1577 in Werbe (now part of Waldeck)), married on 19 December 1563 with Anna of Viermund (died: 17 April 1599) - Margaret (born: 1533; died: 1554 in Brussels)
- Frederick (born: 1534; died: 1557 in St. Quentin)
- Anastasia (born: 1536; died: 1561 in Heidelberg)
- Esther (born: 1537 in Bad Wildungen; died: probably in 1537)
- His second marriage, in 1539 to Catherine of Hatzfeld (died: 1546 in Naumburg), remained childless.
- On 6 October 1554, he married his third wife Jutta of Isenburg-Grenzau (died: 28 July 1564 at Waldeck Castle). With her he had the following children:
- Elizabeth (bor: 1555; died: 6 December 1569 at Waldeck Castle)
- MagdaleneCountess Magdalena of WaldeckCountess Magdalena of Waldeck was a daughter of Philip IV of Waldeck-Wildungen and his wife, Jutta of Isenburg .- First marriage :...
(born: 9 September 1558; died: August 1599), married on 5 February 1576 with Count Philip Louis I of Hanau-MünzenbergPhilip Louis I, Count of Hanau-MünzenbergPhilip Louis I, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg succeeded his father in the government of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg in 1561.- Background :...
(1553–1580) and on 9 December 1581 with Count John VII of Nassau-Siegen (1561–1623)