Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield
Encyclopedia
Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield (1584 – 12 September 1656), son of Sir John Stanhope
and his wife Cordell Allington, was an English aristocrat. Stanhope was knighted in 1605 by James I
. In 1616 he was created Baron Stanhope of Shelford, and was further elevated as Earl of Chesterfield
in 1628.
, Chesterfield, was summoned to Parliament in 1640 and took the side of King Charles I
in the threatening conflict. When the conflict broke out he and his sons took up arms. Shelford Manor
, his home in Nottinghamshire
, was garrisoned under the command of his son Philip
. The house was attacked and his son lost his life on 27 October 1645 in its defence. The Parliamentarian army took the house and burnt it to the ground.
Chesterfield, with an army of some 300 gentlemen and supporters sometime earlier had taken Lichfield
for the King. They were attacked by a force led by Sir John Gell and Lord Brooke
with 200 men and cannon. Lord Brooke was killed in the encounter on 2 March 1643. Chesterfield's forces were forced to surrender and were made prisoner. Chesterfield himself was imprisoned and died still in captivity on 12 September 1656, some three and a half years before the Restoration
in 1660.
After the death of his first wife, he married Anne Packington, by whom he one son -
Sir John Stanhope
Sir John Stanhope was an English knight and landowner and father of the 1st Earl of Chesterfield.He was appointed Postmaster General to Queen Elizabeth on 20 June 1590....
and his wife Cordell Allington, was an English aristocrat. Stanhope was knighted in 1605 by James I
James I of England
James VI and I was King of Scots as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the English and Scottish crowns on 24 March 1603...
. In 1616 he was created Baron Stanhope of Shelford, and was further elevated as Earl of Chesterfield
Earl of Chesterfield
Earls of Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, was a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1628 for Philip Stanhope, 1st Baron Stanhope. He had already been created Baron Stanhope, of Shelford in the County of Nottingham, in 1616, also in the Peerage of England. Stanhope's youngest son...
in 1628.
The Civil War
Leading up to the English Civil WarEnglish Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
, Chesterfield, was summoned to Parliament in 1640 and took the side of King Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
in the threatening conflict. When the conflict broke out he and his sons took up arms. Shelford Manor
Shelford Priory
Shelford Priory, a house of Augustinian Canons, was founded by Ralph Haunselyn around 1160-80 in Nottinghamshire. Later it became Shelford Manor.-The Priory:Haunselyn dedicated it to the Virgin Mary...
, his home in Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire
Nottinghamshire is a county in the East Midlands of England, bordering South Yorkshire to the north-west, Lincolnshire to the east, Leicestershire to the south, and Derbyshire to the west...
, was garrisoned under the command of his son Philip
Philip Stanhope (Cavalier)
Philip Stanhope was Colonel of the Shelford Manor Royalist forces in the English Civil War. He was the 10th son of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield and his wife Catherine, daughter of Francis Hastings, Baron Hastings....
. The house was attacked and his son lost his life on 27 October 1645 in its defence. The Parliamentarian army took the house and burnt it to the ground.
Chesterfield, with an army of some 300 gentlemen and supporters sometime earlier had taken Lichfield
Lichfield
Lichfield is a cathedral city, civil parish and district in Staffordshire, England. One of eight civil parishes with city status in England, Lichfield is situated roughly north of Birmingham...
for the King. They were attacked by a force led by Sir John Gell and Lord Brooke
Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke
Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke was an English Civil War Roundhead General.Greville was the cousin and adopted son of Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, and thus became 2nd Lord Brooke, and owner of Warwick Castle. He was born in 1607, and entered parliament for Warwickshire in 1628...
with 200 men and cannon. Lord Brooke was killed in the encounter on 2 March 1643. Chesterfield's forces were forced to surrender and were made prisoner. Chesterfield himself was imprisoned and died still in captivity on 12 September 1656, some three and a half years before the Restoration
English Restoration
The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms...
in 1660.
Marriage and family
In 1604 Stanhope married Catherine (d. 1636), daughter of Francis Hastings, Lord Hastings. According to Sir Egerton Brydges pp. 23, Catherine and Philip had eleven sons and two daughters:- John Stanhope (bur. 27 July 1623)
- Henry Stanhope, Lord StanhopeHenry Stanhope, Lord StanhopeHenry Stanhope, Lord Stanhope KB , known as Sir Henry Stanhope until 1628, was an English noble and politician.He was the second and next surviving son of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield and his wife first Catherine, daughter of Francis Hastings, Lord Hastings, oldest son of George...
(d. 29 November 1634), the husband of Katherine WottonKatherine Stanhope, Countess of ChesterfieldKatherine Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield was the governess and confidante of Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange.She was born eldest daughter to Thomas Wotton, 2nd Baron Wotton and his wife, Mary, daughter of Sir Arthur Throckmorton of Paulerspury, Northamptonshire.She first married...
, together the parents of Philip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of ChesterfieldPhilip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of ChesterfieldPhilip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield PC was a peer in the peerage of England.-Personal life:He was the son of Henry Stanhope, Lord Stanhope and his wife, Katherine Wotton. He inherited the title of Earl of Chesterfield on the death of his grandfather in 1656... - Charles Stanhope born 1607- 1645
- Edward Stanhope (1607–1614)
- William Stanhope (1608–1614)
- Thomas Stanhope (died young)
- George Stanhope, (1610–1616)
- Ferdinando StanhopeFerdinando StanhopeFerdinando Stanhope was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1643. He died fighting for the Royalist army during the English Civil War.-Biography:...
(d. 1643), married Lettice Ferrers and had issue he was an M.P. he had three children - Philip Stanhope (killed 27 October 1645)
- Sarah Stanhope (d. May 1698), married Sir Richard Hoghton, 3rd BaronetSir Richard Hoghton, 3rd BaronetSir Richard Hoghton, 3rd Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1656. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War....
- Michael StanhopeMichael StanhopeMichael Stanhope was born at Shelford Manor. He was the son of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield and his wife Catherine, daughter of Lord Hastings. Colonel Michael Stanhope was in charge of the Royalist forces at the battle at Willoughby Field, Nottinghamshire. He was killed during the...
(1624–1648) - Elizabeth Stanhope, married Edward Darcy
- Arthur StanhopeArthur StanhopeArthur Stanhope was born in 1627 at Shelford, Mansfield Woodhouse, Nottinghamshire, and died in 1677. He was the son of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield and Catherine Hastings, daughter of Francis Hastings, Lord Hastings.-Life:...
(1627–1677) M.P. for NottinghamNottingham (UK Parliament constituency)Nottingham was a parliamentary borough in Nottinghamshire, which elected two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons from 1295. In 1885 the constituency was abolished and the city of Nottingham divided into three single-member constituencies....
from whom the fifth EarlPhilip Stanhope, 5th Earl of ChesterfieldPhilip Stanhope, 5th Earl of Chesterfield KG, PC, FRS, FSA , known as Philip Stanhope until 1773, was a British politician and diplomat...
and succeeding earls of Chesterfield descend
After the death of his first wife, he married Anne Packington, by whom he one son -
- Alexander StanhopeAlexander StanhopeAlexander Stanhope was an English envoy in Madrid between 1690 and 1699.-Early Life:He was the youngest son of Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield and Anne Pakington. He was educated at Exeter College, Oxford, graduating in 1654.He married Catherine Burghill, daughter of Arnold Burghill of...
(1638–1707), diplomat, who married Catherine Burghill and had issue:- Mary (c. 1686- 1762), who in turn married Viscount Fane
- James Stanhope, 1st Earl StanhopeJames Stanhope, 1st Earl StanhopeJames Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope PC was a British statesman and soldier who effectively served as Chief Minister between 1717 and 1721. He is probably best remembered for his service during War of the Spanish Succession...
(1673–1721), soldier-statesman