Phoma
Encyclopedia
Phoma is a genus
of common coelomycetous soil fungi. It contains many plant pathogenic species. About 140 Phoma taxa have been defined and recognized which may be divided into two large groups: (i) plurivorous fungi, generally saprobic or weakly parasitic, mainly from temperate
regions in Eurasia, but occasionally also found in other parts of the world (including areas with cool or warm climates); and (ii) specific pathogens of cultivated plants.
Spores are colorless and unicellular. The pycnidia are black and depressed in the tissues of the host. Phoma is arbitrarily limited to those species in which the spores are less than 15 µm
as the larger spored forms have been placed in the genus Macrophoma
. The most important species include Phoma beta which is the cause of the heart rot and blight of beets, Phoma batata that produces a dry rot of sweet potato, and Phoma solani.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of common coelomycetous soil fungi. It contains many plant pathogenic species. About 140 Phoma taxa have been defined and recognized which may be divided into two large groups: (i) plurivorous fungi, generally saprobic or weakly parasitic, mainly from temperate
Temperate
In geography, temperate or tepid latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. The changes in these regions between summer and winter are generally relatively moderate, rather than extreme hot or cold...
regions in Eurasia, but occasionally also found in other parts of the world (including areas with cool or warm climates); and (ii) specific pathogens of cultivated plants.
Spores are colorless and unicellular. The pycnidia are black and depressed in the tissues of the host. Phoma is arbitrarily limited to those species in which the spores are less than 15 µm
Micrometre
A micrometer , is by definition 1×10-6 of a meter .In plain English, it means one-millionth of a meter . Its unit symbol in the International System of Units is μm...
as the larger spored forms have been placed in the genus Macrophoma
Macrophoma
Macrophoma is a genus of anamorphic fungi in the family Botryosphaeriaceae.-Species:*Macrophoma abietis*Macrophoma abietis-pectinatae*Macrophoma abscondita*Macrophoma acaciaecola*Macrophoma acanthina*Macrophoma aceris...
. The most important species include Phoma beta which is the cause of the heart rot and blight of beets, Phoma batata that produces a dry rot of sweet potato, and Phoma solani.
Species
Species include:- Phoma caricae-papayaePhoma caricae-papayaePhoma caricae-papayae is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma costaricensisPhoma costaricensisPhoma costaricensis is a plant pathogen.- External links :**...
- Phoma cucurbitacearumPhoma cucurbitacearumPhoma cucurbitacearum is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma destructivaPhoma destructivaPhoma destructiva is a fungal plant pathogen affecting tomatoes and potatoes- External links :* *...
- Phoma draconisPhoma draconisPhoma draconis is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma eupyrenaPhoma eupyrenaPhoma eupyrena is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma exiguaPhoma exiguaPhoma exigua is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes wet weather blight in cotton.- Varieties of Phoma exigua :* Phoma exigua var. exigua* Phoma exigua var. heteromorpha...
- Phoma exigua var. exiguaPhoma exigua var. exiguaPhoma exigua var. exigua is a fungal plant pathogen.-External links:* *...
- Phoma exigua var. foveataPhoma exigua var. foveataPhoma exigua var. foveata is a fungal plant pathogen.-External links:* *...
- Phoma exigua var. linicolaPhoma exigua var. linicolaPhoma exigua var. linicola is a fungal plant pathogen that affects flax.The disease is passed on in the seed. The effects are more pronounced after the plant has flowered. Brown discolorations can be seen with small black dots, the pycnidia, where the spores are formed. The disease severely impacts...
- Phoma exigua var. exigua
- Phoma glomerataPhoma glomerataPhoma glomerata is a plant pathogen.- External links :**...
- Phoma glycinicolaPhoma glycinicolaPhoma glycinicola is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma herbarumPhoma herbarumPhoma herbarum is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma insidiosaPhoma insidiosaPhoma insidiosa is a plant pathogen.- External links :**...
- Phoma medicaginisPhoma medicaginisPhoma medicaginis is a plant pathogen.- External links :**...
- Phoma microsporaPhoma microsporaPhoma microspora is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma nebulosaPhoma nebulosaPhoma nebulosa is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma oncidii-sphacelatiPhoma oncidii-sphacelatiPhoma oncidii-sphacelati is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma pinodellaPhoma pinodellaPhoma pinodella is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma scabraPhoma scabraPhoma scabra is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma sclerotioidesPhoma sclerotioidesPhoma sclerotioides is a plant pathogen and is the culprit for Brown Root Rot disease in for instance alfalfa and clover.- External links :**...
- Phoma strasseriPhoma strasseriPhoma strasseri is a fungal plant pathogen.- External links :* *...
- Phoma tracheiphilaPhoma tracheiphilaPhoma tracheiphila is a fungal plant pathogen. It causes a disease known as Mal secco on citrus trees. It occurs in dry, cool climates such as the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Asia Minor. It forms pycniospores that are carried short distances by rain, or by wind to new leaves, where germinated...
External links
- Phoma at Index FungorumIndex FungorumIndex Fungorum, an international project to index all formal names in the Fungi Kingdom. Somewhat comparable to the IPNI, but with more contributing institutions....