Phylloporus pelletieri, commonly known as the golden-gilled bolete, is a species of fungus

Fungus

A fungus is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds , as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from plants, animals, and bacteria...

 in the Boletaceae

Boletaceae

Boletaceae are a family of mushrooms, primarily characterized by developing their spores in small pores on the underside of the mushroom, instead of gills, as are found in agarics. Nearly as widely distributed as agarics, they include the Cep or King Bolete , much sought after by mushroom hunters...

 family.

Taxonomy

The species was first described by French mycologist Joseph-Henri Léveillé

Joseph-Henri Léveillé

Joseph-Henri Léveillé was a French physician and mycologist who was a native of Crux-la-Ville, in the department of Nièvre....

 in 1867 under the name Agaricus pelletieri. Lucien Quélet

Lucien Quélet

thumb|Lucien QuéletLucien Quélet was a French mycologist and naturalist who discovered several species and was the founder of the Société mycologique de France, a society devoted to mycological studies....

 transferred it to Phylloporus

Phylloporus

Phylloporus is a genus of fungi in the Boletaceae family . The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, and contains about 50 species, mostly in tropical areas.-Species:*Phylloporus albocarnosus Heinem....

in 1888.

Description

The underside of the its cap

Pileus (mycology)

The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus...

 bears lamellae (gill-like structures) rather than the pores common in the Boletales

Boletales

The Boletales are an order of Agaricomycetes, containing over 1300 species with a diverse array of fruiting body types. The boletes are the best known members of this group, and until recently, the Boletales were thought to only contain boletes...

. The reddish, domed cap is smooth with a velvety texture, while the lamellae are bright yellow. The stem

Stipe (mycology)

thumb|150px|right|Diagram of a [[basidiomycete]] stipe with an [[annulus |annulus]] and [[volva |volva]]In mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal...

 supporting the cap is also yellow with a red-brown veil

Veil (botany)

A veil, in mycology, is one of several structures in fungi, especially the thin membrane that covers the cap and stalk of an immature mushroom.Veils may be regarded as falling into two categories:*Partial veil*Universal veil...

.

Habitat and distribution

The golden-gilled bolete forms mycorrhizal relationships with broadleaved trees such as beech

Beech

Beech is a genus of ten species of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia and North America.-Habit:...

 and coniferous trees such as fir

Fir

Firs are a genus of 48–55 species of evergreen conifers in the family Pinaceae. They are found through much of North and Central America, Europe, Asia, and North Africa, occurring in mountains over most of the range...

 or pine

Pine

Pines are trees in the genus Pinus ,in the family Pinaceae. They make up the monotypic subfamily Pinoideae. There are about 115 species of pine, although different authorities accept between 105 and 125 species.-Etymology:...

. The fruit bodies

Basidiocarp

In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome or basidioma , is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures...

 are produced in summer and autumn.

Although rare, the golden-gilled bolete has a widespread distribution in Europe and reaches into Asia. It inhabits broadleaf

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

Mixed forests are a temperate and humid biome. The typical structure of these forests includes four layers. The uppermost layer is the canopy composed of tall mature trees ranging from 33 to 66 m high. Below the canopy is the three-layered, shade-tolerant understory that is roughly 9 to...

 or coniferous forests in montane

Montane

In biogeography, montane is the highland area located below the subalpine zone. Montane regions generally have cooler temperatures and often have higher rainfall than the adjacent lowland regions, and are frequently home to distinct communities of plants and animals.The term "montane" means "of the...

 or sub-alpine regions, where it is associated with acidic or sandy soils. This species is threatened by air pollution and forestry plantations, which can destroy its natural habitat. It is short-listed for inclusion in Appendix I of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats

Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats

The Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats 1979, also known as the Bern Convention , came into force on June 1, 1982....

, otherwise known as the Bern Convention, by the European Council for Conservation of Fungi (ECCF), and included on the Red List

Regional Red List

A Regional Red List is a report of the threatened status of species within a certain country or region. It is based on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, an inventory of the conservation status of species on a global scale...

s of 12 European countries. Other conservation recommendations include the mapping of existing sites and a reduction in air pollution, together with restrictions on forestry practice at known locations.