Pierre Lorillard IV
Encyclopedia
Pierre Lorillard IV was an American
tobacco
manufacturer and thoroughbred
race horse
owner.
(1796–1867) and Catherine Griswold. In 1760, his great-grandfather, and namesake, founded P. Lorillard and Company
in New York City
to process tobacco, cigars, and snuff. Today, Lorillard Tobacco Company
is the oldest tobacco company in the U.S. Pierre Lorillard married Emily Taylor (b. January 21, 1841) in 1858 with whom he had four children. She was the daughter of Isaac Ebenezer Taylor (b. 1815) and Eliza Mary Mollan Taylor (d. 1867). He is the grandfather of the artist Peter Hill Beard
.
In the early 1880s Lorillard helped make Newport, Rhode Island
, a yacht
ing center with his schooner Vesta and a steam yacht Radha. He owned a summer estate in Newport called "The Breakers
", which he sold to Cornelius Vanderbilt II
in 1885 in order to use his newly developed estate, the Tuxedo Club, at what became known as Tuxedo Park
in Orange County, New York
. Lorillard had inherited 13,000 acres (53 km²) around Tuxedo Lake, which he developed in conjunction with William Waldorf Astor
and other wealthy associates into a luxury retreat. Lorillard hired famed architect Bruce Price
to design his club house and the many "cottages" of the era along with landscape architect Arthur P. Kroll in 1929. While it has been reported that Lorillard's son, Griswold Lorillard, introduced the then-unnamed tuxedo
to the United States in 1886 at the Tuxedo Club's Autumn Ball, this is now known to be incorrect. While Griswold and his friends did create a stir by wearing unorthodox clothing, their jackets were closer to tailcoat
s without tails, or what would now be called a mess jacket.
, were both major figures in thoroughbred
horse racing
. In 1874, Pierre Lorillard's horse, Saxon
, won the Belmont Stakes
. Although his horse Parole
finished fourth in the 1876 Kentucky Derby
, it went on to race with considerable success both in the United States and in Europe
. In the 19th century, shipping horses from New York to Louisville, Kentucky
was a major undertaking and because back then both the Preakness Stakes
and the Belmont Stakes
were both held in the New York City area, neither of the Lorillard brothers raced again in the Derby. Pierre Lorillard established Rancocas Stable
, named for the New Jersey
town where Lorillard owned a country house. He spent time in Paris
and in England where, in 1881, his horse Iroquois
became the first American-owned and bred horse to win a European classic race. Ridden by the champion English jockey
, Fred Archer, Iroquois won the Epsom Derby
then went on to capture the St. Leger Stakes
as well. Lorillard had other successes in England, notably with the horse named for the actor David Garrick
, who won the 1901 Chester Cup
ridden by American jockey, Danny Maher
.
and his publication of "The Ancient Cities of the New World. Being Travels and Explorations in Mexico and Central America from 1857–1882." For making the project possible, the government of France awarded Lorillard the Legion of Honor. Charnay named some Maya
ruins "Lorillard City" in his honor, but the name did not stick, and the site is better known as Yaxchilan
. Lorillard also helped finance some of the explorations of Augustus Le Plongeon
.
in Brooklyn, New York. His wife Emily died in 1925 and was interred next to him.
Lorillard Place in The Bronx
is named for him and brother George.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
tobacco
Tobacco
Tobacco is an agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana. It can be consumed, used as a pesticide and, in the form of nicotine tartrate, used in some medicines...
manufacturer and thoroughbred
Thoroughbred
The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Although the word thoroughbred is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed...
race horse
Horse racing
Horse racing is an equestrian sport that has a long history. Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in ancient Babylon, Syria, and Egypt. Both chariot and mounted horse racing were events in the ancient Greek Olympics by 648 BC...
owner.
Biography
Born in Westchester, New York, he was the son of Pierre Lorillard IIIPierre Lorillard III
Pierre Lorillard III was the grandson of Pierre Abraham Lorillard, the founder of the P. Lorillard and Company. Pierre also developed Tuxedo Park, New York, one of the nation's early country clubs. -References:...
(1796–1867) and Catherine Griswold. In 1760, his great-grandfather, and namesake, founded P. Lorillard and Company
Lorillard Tobacco Company
Lorillard Tobacco Company is an American tobacco company marketing cigarettes under the brand names Newport, Maverick, Old Gold, Kent, True, Satin, and Max. Lorillard is a member of the National Black Chamber of Commerce.- History :...
in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
to process tobacco, cigars, and snuff. Today, Lorillard Tobacco Company
Lorillard Tobacco Company
Lorillard Tobacco Company is an American tobacco company marketing cigarettes under the brand names Newport, Maverick, Old Gold, Kent, True, Satin, and Max. Lorillard is a member of the National Black Chamber of Commerce.- History :...
is the oldest tobacco company in the U.S. Pierre Lorillard married Emily Taylor (b. January 21, 1841) in 1858 with whom he had four children. She was the daughter of Isaac Ebenezer Taylor (b. 1815) and Eliza Mary Mollan Taylor (d. 1867). He is the grandfather of the artist Peter Hill Beard
Peter Hill Beard
Peter Hill Beard is a photographer, artist, diarist and writer.-Personal life:Peter Beard's photographs of Africa, African animals, and the journals that often integrate his photographs have been widely shown and published since the 1970s...
.
In the early 1880s Lorillard helped make Newport, Rhode Island
Newport, Rhode Island
Newport is a city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island, United States, about south of Providence. Known as a New England summer resort and for the famous Newport Mansions, it is the home of Salve Regina University and Naval Station Newport which houses the United States Naval War...
, a yacht
Yacht
A yacht is a recreational boat or ship. The term originated from the Dutch Jacht meaning "hunt". It was originally defined as a light fast sailing vessel used by the Dutch navy to pursue pirates and other transgressors around and into the shallow waters of the Low Countries...
ing center with his schooner Vesta and a steam yacht Radha. He owned a summer estate in Newport called "The Breakers
The Breakers (1878)
The Breakers was located on Ochre Point Avenue, Newport, Rhode Island, United States.Designed by Peabody and Stearns for Pierre Lorillard IV in the Queen Anne style, construction began in 1877 and was completed in 1878. The landscaping was designed by Ernest Bowditch. The Breakers was notable...
", which he sold to Cornelius Vanderbilt II
Cornelius Vanderbilt II
Cornelius Vanderbilt II was an American socialite, heir, businessman, and a member of the prominent United States Vanderbilt family....
in 1885 in order to use his newly developed estate, the Tuxedo Club, at what became known as Tuxedo Park
Tuxedo Park, New York
Tuxedo Park is a village in Orange County, New York, United States. The population was 731 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined...
in Orange County, New York
Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. It is part of the Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area and is located at the northern reaches of the New York metropolitan area. The county sits in the state's scenic Mid-Hudson Region of the Hudson Valley...
. Lorillard had inherited 13,000 acres (53 km²) around Tuxedo Lake, which he developed in conjunction with William Waldorf Astor
William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor
William Waldorf Astor, 1st Viscount Astor was a very wealthy American who became a British nobleman. He was a member of the prominent Astor family.-Life in United States:...
and other wealthy associates into a luxury retreat. Lorillard hired famed architect Bruce Price
Bruce Price
Bruce Price was the American architect of many of the Canadian Pacific Railway's Château-type stations and hotels...
to design his club house and the many "cottages" of the era along with landscape architect Arthur P. Kroll in 1929. While it has been reported that Lorillard's son, Griswold Lorillard, introduced the then-unnamed tuxedo
Tuxedo
A tuxedo is a type of semi-formal dress for men.Tuxedo may also refer to:-Places:Canada* Tuxedo, Winnipeg, Manitoba, a city neighborhood** Tuxedo , a provincial electoral district in Manitoba...
to the United States in 1886 at the Tuxedo Club's Autumn Ball, this is now known to be incorrect. While Griswold and his friends did create a stir by wearing unorthodox clothing, their jackets were closer to tailcoat
Tailcoat
A tailcoat is a coat with the front of the skirt cut away, so as to leave only the rear section of the skirt, known as the tails. The historical reason coats were cut this way was to make it easier for the wearer to ride a horse, but over the years tailcoats of varying types have evolved into forms...
s without tails, or what would now be called a mess jacket.
Thoroughbred racing
An avid sportsman, Pierre Lorillard and his brother, George Lyndes LorillardGeorge L. Lorillard
George Lyndes Lorillard was an American tobacco manufacturer and a prominent Thoroughbred racehorse owner.-Biography:He was born in Westchester, New York, the son of Pierre Lorillard III and Catherine Griswold. In 1760, his great-grandfather founded P. Lorillard and Company in New York City to...
, were both major figures in thoroughbred
Thoroughbred
The Thoroughbred is a horse breed best known for its use in horse racing. Although the word thoroughbred is sometimes used to refer to any breed of purebred horse, it technically refers only to the Thoroughbred breed...
horse racing
Horse racing
Horse racing is an equestrian sport that has a long history. Archaeological records indicate that horse racing occurred in ancient Babylon, Syria, and Egypt. Both chariot and mounted horse racing were events in the ancient Greek Olympics by 648 BC...
. In 1874, Pierre Lorillard's horse, Saxon
Saxon (horse)
Saxon was an American Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1874 Belmont Stakes, the eighth running of that stakes race.Saxon was a brown stallion sired by Beadsman, and was bred in England, by Joseph Hawley. He was imported into the United States by Pierre Lorillard, along with his dam...
, won the Belmont Stakes
Belmont Stakes
The Belmont Stakes is an American Grade I stakes Thoroughbred horse race held every June at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. It is a 1.5-mile horse race, open to three year old Thoroughbreds. Colts and geldings carry a weight of 126 pounds ; fillies carry 121 pounds...
. Although his horse Parole
Parole (horse)
Parole was a Thoroughbred race horse bred by Pierre Lorillard, a scion of the tobacco family. Lorillard and his brother George were both horsemen and competed throughout their careers...
finished fourth in the 1876 Kentucky Derby
Kentucky Derby
The Kentucky Derby is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbred horses, held annually in Louisville, Kentucky, United States on the first Saturday in May, capping the two-week-long Kentucky Derby Festival. The race is one and a quarter mile at Churchill Downs. Colts and geldings carry...
, it went on to race with considerable success both in the United States and in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
. In the 19th century, shipping horses from New York to Louisville, Kentucky
Louisville, Kentucky
Louisville is the largest city in the U.S. state of Kentucky, and the county seat of Jefferson County. Since 2003, the city's borders have been coterminous with those of the county because of a city-county merger. The city's population at the 2010 census was 741,096...
was a major undertaking and because back then both the Preakness Stakes
Preakness Stakes
The Preakness Stakes is an American flat Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds held on the third Saturday in May each year at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. It is a Grade I race run over a distance of 9.5 furlongs on dirt. Colts and geldings carry 126 pounds ; fillies 121 lb...
and the Belmont Stakes
Belmont Stakes
The Belmont Stakes is an American Grade I stakes Thoroughbred horse race held every June at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. It is a 1.5-mile horse race, open to three year old Thoroughbreds. Colts and geldings carry a weight of 126 pounds ; fillies carry 121 pounds...
were both held in the New York City area, neither of the Lorillard brothers raced again in the Derby. Pierre Lorillard established Rancocas Stable
Rancocas Stable
Rancocas Farm was an American thoroughbred horse racing stud farm and racing stable located on Monmouth Road in Springfield Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, Jobstown, New Jersey....
, named for the New Jersey
New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. , its population was 8,791,894. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware...
town where Lorillard owned a country house. He spent time in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and in England where, in 1881, his horse Iroquois
Iroquois (horse)
Iroquois , was the first American-bred Thoroughbred race horse to win the prestigious Epsom Derby at Epsom Downs Racecourse, Epsom, Surrey, England. He then went on to win the St...
became the first American-owned and bred horse to win a European classic race. Ridden by the champion English jockey
Jockey
A jockey is an athlete who rides horses in horse racing or steeplechase racing, primarily as a profession. The word also applies to camel riders in camel racing.-Etymology:...
, Fred Archer, Iroquois won the Epsom Derby
Epsom Derby
The Derby Stakes, popularly known as The Derby, internationally as the Epsom Derby, and under its present sponsor as the Investec Derby, is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies...
then went on to capture the St. Leger Stakes
St. Leger Stakes
The St. Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain which is open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 132 yards , and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.Established in 1776, the St. Leger...
as well. Lorillard had other successes in England, notably with the horse named for the actor David Garrick
David Garrick
David Garrick was an English actor, playwright, theatre manager and producer who influenced nearly all aspects of theatrical practice throughout the 18th century and was a pupil and friend of Dr Samuel Johnson...
, who won the 1901 Chester Cup
Chester Cup
The Chester Cup is a flat horse race in Great Britain open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at Chester over a distance of 2 miles, 2 furlongs and 147 yards , and it is scheduled to take place each year in May....
ridden by American jockey, Danny Maher
Daniel A. Maher
Daniel Aloysius Maher was an American Hall of Fame jockey who also became a Champion jockey in Great Britain.- U.S. Riding Career :...
.
Exploration
Beyond his interest in racehorses, Lorillard was a scholar who financed the Central American expedition of the French archaeologist Désiré CharnayDésiré Charnay
Claude-Joseph Désiré Charnay was a French traveller and archaeologist notable both for his explorations of Mexico and Central America, and for the pioneering use of photography to document his discoveries....
and his publication of "The Ancient Cities of the New World. Being Travels and Explorations in Mexico and Central America from 1857–1882." For making the project possible, the government of France awarded Lorillard the Legion of Honor. Charnay named some Maya
Maya civilization
The Maya is a Mesoamerican civilization, noted for the only known fully developed written language of the pre-Columbian Americas, as well as for its art, architecture, and mathematical and astronomical systems. Initially established during the Pre-Classic period The Maya is a Mesoamerican...
ruins "Lorillard City" in his honor, but the name did not stick, and the site is better known as Yaxchilan
Yaxchilan
Yaxchilan is an ancient Maya city located on the bank of the Usumacinta River in what is now the state of Chiapas, Mexico. In the Late Classic Period Yaxchilan was one of the most powerful Maya states along the course of the Usumacinta, with Piedras Negras as its major rival...
. Lorillard also helped finance some of the explorations of Augustus Le Plongeon
Augustus Le Plongeon
Augustus Le Plongeon was a photographer and antiquarian who studied the pre-Columbian ruins of America, particularly those of the Maya civilization on the northern Yucatán Peninsula. While his writings contain many eccentric notions that were discredited by later researchers, Le Plongeon left a...
.
Death
Pierre Lorillard died in 1901, aged 67, and was interred in the Green-Wood CemeteryGreen-Wood Cemetery
Green-Wood Cemetery was founded in 1838 as a rural cemetery in Brooklyn, Kings County , New York. It was granted National Historic Landmark status in 2006 by the U.S. Department of the Interior.-History:...
in Brooklyn, New York. His wife Emily died in 1925 and was interred next to him.
Lorillard Place in The Bronx
The Bronx
The Bronx is the northernmost of the five boroughs of New York City. It is also known as Bronx County, the last of the 62 counties of New York State to be incorporated...
is named for him and brother George.
Children
- Emily Lorillard
- Pierre Lorillard V
- Nathaniel Griswold Lorillard
- Maude Louise Lorillard, later Baroness Revelstoke (1876 London – 2 April 1922 London) married firstly 15 April 1893 (divorced) T. Suffern Tailer, married secondly 1902 Hon. Cecil BaringBaron RevelstokeBaron Revelstoke, of Membland in the County of Devon, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1885 for the businessman Edward Baring, head of the family firm of Barings Bank...
, later 3rd Baron Revelstoke (1864–1934), third but second surviving son of the 1st Baron RevelstokeEdward Baring, 1st Baron RevelstokeEdward Charles Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke , was a British banker.-Biography:A member of the famous Baring banking family, "Ned" Baring was the second son of Henry Baring from his second marriage, to Cecilia Anne . Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, was his grandfather and Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of...
; her husband succeeded his unmarried elder brother in 1929. Through this marriage, Maud Lorillard is an ancestress of the present Baron and the second heir apparent (eventual heir) to the earldom of Oxford and AsquithEarl of Oxford and AsquithEarl of Oxford and Asquith is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1925 for the Liberal politician H. H. Asquith. He was Home Secretary from 1892 to 1895, Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1905 to 1908, Leader of the Liberal Party from 1908 to 1926 and Prime Minister of...
.