Pleurodontidae
Encyclopedia
Pleurodontidae is a family of air-breathing land snail
Land snail
A land snail is any of the many species of snail that live on land, as opposed to those that live in salt water and fresh water. Land snails are terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells, It is not always an easy matter to say which species are terrestrial, because some are more or less...

s, terrestrial
Terrestrial animal
Terrestrial animals are animals that live predominantly or entirely on land , as compared with aquatic animals, which live predominantly or entirely in the water , or amphibians, which rely on a combination of aquatic and terrestrial habitats...

 pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea
Helicoidea
Helicoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora.-Families:There are 19 families within the superfamily Helicoidea according to Bouchet & Rocroi .* Helicidae...

.

This family is classified within the clade
Clade
A clade is a group consisting of a species and all its descendants. In the terms of biological systematics, a clade is a single "branch" on the "tree of life". The idea that such a "natural group" of organisms should be grouped together and given a taxonomic name is central to biological...

 Stylommatophora
Stylommatophora
Stylommatophora is a taxon of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon is currently considered to be a clade. It was previously regarded as an infraorder...

 within the clade Eupulmonata
Eupulmonata
The Eupulmonata is a taxonomic clade of air-breathing snails. The great majority of this group are land snails and slugs, but some are marine and some are saltmarsh snails that can tolerate salty conditions.-Linnean taxonomy:...

 (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005
Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005)
The taxonomy of the Gastropoda as it was revised by Philippe Bouchet and Jean-Pierre Rocroi is currently the most up-to-date overall system for classifying gastropod mollusks...

). This family has no subfamilies.

The family Pleurodontidae includes some American taxa that used to be included within the Australasian family Camaenidae
Camaenidae
Camaenidae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.This is one of the most diverse families in the clade Stylommatophora....

, a taxon
Taxon
|thumb|270px|[[African elephants]] form a widely-accepted taxon, the [[genus]] LoxodontaA taxon is a group of organisms, which a taxonomist adjudges to be a unit. Usually a taxon is given a name and a rank, although neither is a requirement...

 whose monophyly
Monophyly
In common cladistic usage, a monophyletic group is a taxon which forms a clade, meaning that it contains all the descendants of the possibly hypothetical closest common ancestor of the members of the group. The term is synonymous with the uncommon term holophyly...

 was in doubt.

Anatomy

Pleurodontids are defined by a missing diverticulum
Diverticulum
A diverticulum is medical or biological term for an outpouching of a hollow structure in the body. Depending upon which layers of the structure are involved, they are described as being either true or false....

. However the diverticulum is partially present in the genus Solaropsis
Solaropsis
Solaropsis is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.- Distribution :Distribution of Solaropsis include South America:* Costa Rica* Colombia* Bolivia* Guyana* Brazil...

. The stimulatory organ is equally missing. However, Solaropsis
Solaropsis
Solaropsis is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.- Distribution :Distribution of Solaropsis include South America:* Costa Rica* Colombia* Bolivia* Guyana* Brazil...

has in part a penial stimulator and a divided penis retractor muscle.

Genera

Genera within this family include:
  • Caracolus
    Caracolus
    Caracolus is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.- Species :Species within the genus Caracolus include:* Caracolus albilabris Lamarck* Caracolus caracolla Oken...

    Montfort, 1810 - synonyms: Caracolla Montfort, 1810; Discodoma Swainson, 1840; Serpentulus Adams, 1855; Wurtzorbis
  • Coloniconcha Pilsbry, 1933 - with the only species Coloniconcha prima Pilsbry, 1933
  • Dentellaria Schumacher, 1817 - either separate genus (with a synonym: Lucerna) or as a synonym of Pleurodonte
  • Eurycratera Beck, 1837
    • Eurycratera jamaicensis (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Labyrinthus
    Labyrinthus
    Labyrinthus is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.-Species:Species within the genus Labyrinthus include:* Labyrinthus bifurcata...

    Beck 1837 - synonym: Lampadion Röding, 1798
  • Pleurodonte
    Pleurodonte
    Pleurodonte is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.Genus Dentellaria Schumacher, 1817 is considered as a synonym of Pleurodonte by Vera , but Schileyko consider Dentellaria as a separate genus.- Distribution :Distribution of...

    Fischer de Waldheim 1807
  • Psadara Miller, 1878 - synonym or subgenus of Solaropsis
  • Solaropsis
    Solaropsis
    Solaropsis is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae.- Distribution :Distribution of Solaropsis include South America:* Costa Rica* Colombia* Bolivia* Guyana* Brazil...

    Beck, 1837
  • Thelidomus
    Thelidomus
    Thelidomus is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Pleurodontidae. The genus is endemic to Jamaica.- Species :Species within the genus Thelidomus include:* Thelidomus aspera...

    Swainson, 1840 (or in Camaenidae)
  • Zachrysia
    Zachrysia
    Zachrysia is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Camaenidae or Pleurodontidae.- Species :Species within the genus Zachrysia include:* Zachrysia auricoma...

    Pilsbry, 1926 (or in Camaenidae)

External links

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