Pogórzanie
Encyclopedia
Pogórzanie also known as Western Pogorzans and Eastern Pogorzans, are a distinctive subethnic group of Poles
that mostly live in the Central Beskidian Range of the Podkarpacie highlands.
The Pogorzans inhabited the central and the southern half of the Beskids
in Poland
, including the Ciężkowickie, Strzyżowskie and Dynowskie Plateau as well as Doły Jasielsko Sanockie, from the White River (Biała) in the west to the San River
in the east.
They represent the major population groups inhabiting the Subcarpathian Voivodeship
. These are mainly Polish people with a small number of German and Dolinians (Dale Dwellers) people. However, groups of Ukrainians
, Rusyns
and German
people soon became polonized.
Pogorzans are neighbours with Lachy sądeckie from the west, Krakowiacy
and Rzeszowiacy
from the north and Dolinians (Dale Dwellers subethnic of Lemkos
) and Lemkos
from the south.
With regard to cultural differences Pogorzans are divided into two parts: western (the area of Gorlice
, Jasło and Strzyżów
), southtern Sanok
, and eastern (Brzozów
). The border between those two groups is in Krosno
. The differences between western and eastern groups were especially seen in architecture and clothes.
Traditional occupations of the Pogorzans included agriculture, oil mining
and the military; today these are joined by the service and petroleum industries, and agrotourism.
The Pogorzan language is considered by Polish scholars to be the most western of Polish dialects (Mazurian and Lesser Polish dialect).
near Krosno
, the first oil field in the world began production .
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
that mostly live in the Central Beskidian Range of the Podkarpacie highlands.
The Pogorzans inhabited the central and the southern half of the Beskids
Beskids
The Beskids , ) is a traditional name for a series of Eastern European mountain ranges.- Definition :The Beskids are approximately 600 km in length and 50–70 km in width...
in Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, including the Ciężkowickie, Strzyżowskie and Dynowskie Plateau as well as Doły Jasielsko Sanockie, from the White River (Biała) in the west to the San River
San River
The San is a river in southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, a tributary of the Vistula River, with a length of 433 km and a basin area of 16,861 km2...
in the east.
They represent the major population groups inhabiting the Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Subcarpathian Voivodeship
Podkarpackie Voivodeship , or Subcarpathian Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów...
. These are mainly Polish people with a small number of German and Dolinians (Dale Dwellers) people. However, groups of Ukrainians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
, Rusyns
Rusyns
Carpatho-Rusyns are a primarily diasporic ethnic group who speak an Eastern Slavic language, or Ukrainian dialect, known as Rusyn. Carpatho-Rusyns descend from a minority of Ruthenians who did not adopt the use of the ethnonym "Ukrainian" in the early twentieth century...
and German
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
people soon became polonized.
Pogorzans are neighbours with Lachy sądeckie from the west, Krakowiacy
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
and Rzeszowiacy
Rzeszów
Rzeszów is a city in southeastern Poland with a population of 179,455 in 2010. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River, in the heartland of the Sandomierska Valley...
from the north and Dolinians (Dale Dwellers subethnic of Lemkos
Lemkos
Lemkos , one of several quantitatively and territorially small ethnic groups who also call themselves Rusyns , are one of the ethnic groups inhabiting the Carpathian Mountains...
) and Lemkos
Lemkos
Lemkos , one of several quantitatively and territorially small ethnic groups who also call themselves Rusyns , are one of the ethnic groups inhabiting the Carpathian Mountains...
from the south.
With regard to cultural differences Pogorzans are divided into two parts: western (the area of Gorlice
Gorlice
Gorlice is a city and an urban municipality in south eastern Poland with around 29,500 inhabitants . It is situated south east of Kraków and south of Tarnów between Jasło and Nowy Sącz in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship , previously in Nowy Sącz Voivodeship...
, Jasło and Strzyżów
Strzyzów
Strzyżów is a town in Strzyżów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland with 8,709 inhabitants . Strzyżów is one of the towns within the Strzyżowsko-Dynowskie Foothill, located 160 km south-east of Kraków. Its building arrangement extends in the river of Wisłok valley, chained together with...
), southtern Sanok
Sanok
Sanok is a town in south-eastern Poland with 39,110 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009. It's the capital of Sanok County in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. Previously, it was in the Krosno Voivodeship and in the Ruthenian Voivodeship , which was part of the Lesser Poland province...
, and eastern (Brzozów
Brzozów
Brzozów is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 7,677 inhabitants . It is situated in Subcarpathian Voivodeship and is the seat of both Brzozów County and the smaller administrative district of Gmina Brzozów...
). The border between those two groups is in Krosno
Krosno
Krosno is a town and county in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland with 47,455 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.Notably Krosno is the site of the first oil well in the world....
. The differences between western and eastern groups were especially seen in architecture and clothes.
Traditional occupations of the Pogorzans included agriculture, oil mining
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, from an ore body, vein or seam. The term also includes the removal of soil. Materials recovered by mining include base metals, precious metals, iron, uranium, coal, diamonds, limestone, oil shale, rock...
and the military; today these are joined by the service and petroleum industries, and agrotourism.
The Pogorzan language is considered by Polish scholars to be the most western of Polish dialects (Mazurian and Lesser Polish dialect).
History
In 1854 in the village BóbrkaBóbrka, Krosno County
Bóbrka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chorkówka, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland...
near Krosno
Krosno
Krosno is a town and county in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland with 47,455 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.Notably Krosno is the site of the first oil well in the world....
, the first oil field in the world began production .
-
- Sanok LandSanok LandSanok Land was a historical administrative division unit of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 14th-18th centuries. It consisted of land that now belongs to the powiats of: Sanok, Brzozów, Lesko and partially Krosno and Rzeszów.Ziemia Sanocka was a part of the Ruthenian Voivodeship ...
- Sanok Land
Foods
See also
- The Petroleum Trail International Tourist TrailThe Petroleum Trail International Tourist Trail' runs from Poland to Ukraine.-Sanok County:* Zarszyn - glycol and methanol storage for natural gas mining* Strachocina - underground gas storage, structure of the old mine...
- Muzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w SanokuMuzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w SanokuMuzeum Budownictwa Ludowego w Sanoku, ', Sanok Open air museum is one of the biggest open air museums in Poland. It was established in 1958 by Aleksander Rybicki and contains 200 buildings which have been relocated from different areas of Sanok Land...
External links
- Pogorzans (Polish Uplanders)
- Pogórzanie
- Gisele Hildebrandt, Otto Adamski. Dorfimfersuchungen in dem alten deutsch-ukrainischen Grenzbereich von Landshuf. Kraków. 1943. Urzejowice, (UrzejowiceUrzejowiceUrzejowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przeworsk, within Przeworsk County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It lies approximately south-west of Przeworsk and east of the regional capital Rzeszów....
) Markowa (MarkowaMarkowaMarkowa is a village in Łańcut County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Markowa. It lies approximately south-east of Łańcut and east of the regional capital Rzeszów...
)
