Polanica Zdrój
Encyclopedia
Polanica-Zdrój p is a town in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
, in south-western Poland
.
It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-west of Kłodzko, and 89 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław. As at 2006, the town has a population of 6,900.
Polanica-Zdrój was first documented in 1347 under the name Heyde; at the time it belonged to the House of Glaubitz
, Bohemia
within the Holy Roman Empire
. In 1645 the town was destroyed by Swedish
troops during the Thirty Years' War
. In 1742 the town – like all the area – changed into the hands of Brandenburg-Prussia
, becoming part of sovereign Prussia
with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. The town grew quickly during the 19th century, becoming a popular health resort in the 1870s, after Prussia had become a component state of Germany
in 1871. In 1890 a rail connection to Glatz was completed. The town became part of Poland after World War II ended in 1945.
On 28 June 1972 the Catholic parishes of Polanica-Zdrój were redeployed from the traditional Hradec Králové diocese (est. 1664; Ecclesiastical Province of Bohemia) into the Archdiocese of Wrocław.
The amateur film festival POL-8 takes place in Polanica-Zdrój. The town is twinned
with Telgte
in Germany. Since 1963, it has hosted the annual Akiba Rubinstein
Memorial chess tournament, honoring the great Polish Grandmaster (1882–1961). This event always attracts a high-class field of top players.
Numbers of inhabitants:
Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is currently divided. It lies in southwestern Poland...
, in south-western Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
.
It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-west of Kłodzko, and 89 kilometres (55 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław. As at 2006, the town has a population of 6,900.
Polanica-Zdrój was first documented in 1347 under the name Heyde; at the time it belonged to the House of Glaubitz
Glaubitz
Glaubitz is a municipality in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany. In the town there is monument for the victims of the S.S....
, Bohemia
Kingdom of Bohemia
The Kingdom of Bohemia was a country located in the region of Bohemia in Central Europe, most of whose territory is currently located in the modern-day Czech Republic. The King was Elector of Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, whereupon it became part of the Austrian Empire, and...
within the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
. In 1645 the town was destroyed by Swedish
Swedish Empire
The Swedish Empire refers to the Kingdom of Sweden between 1561 and 1721 . During this time, Sweden was one of the great European powers. In Swedish, the period is called Stormaktstiden, literally meaning "the Great Power Era"...
troops during the Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
The Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
. In 1742 the town – like all the area – changed into the hands of Brandenburg-Prussia
Brandenburg-Prussia
Brandenburg-Prussia is the historiographic denomination for the Early Modern realm of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollerns between 1618 and 1701. Based in the Electorate of Brandenburg, the main branch of the Hohenzollern intermarried with the branch ruling the Duchy of Prussia, and secured succession...
, becoming part of sovereign Prussia
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
with the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. The town grew quickly during the 19th century, becoming a popular health resort in the 1870s, after Prussia had become a component state of Germany
German Empire
The German Empire refers to Germany during the "Second Reich" period from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.The German...
in 1871. In 1890 a rail connection to Glatz was completed. The town became part of Poland after World War II ended in 1945.
On 28 June 1972 the Catholic parishes of Polanica-Zdrój were redeployed from the traditional Hradec Králové diocese (est. 1664; Ecclesiastical Province of Bohemia) into the Archdiocese of Wrocław.
The amateur film festival POL-8 takes place in Polanica-Zdrój. The town is twinned
Town twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with Telgte
Telgte
Telgte is a town in the Warendorf district, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is situated on the river Ems, 10 km east of Münster, and 15 km west of Warendorf.-History:...
in Germany. Since 1963, it has hosted the annual Akiba Rubinstein
Akiba Rubinstein
Akiba Kiwelowicz Rubinstein was a famous Polish chess Grandmaster at the beginning of the 20th century. He was scheduled to play a match with Emanuel Lasker for the world championship in 1914, but it was cancelled because of the outbreak of World War I...
Memorial chess tournament, honoring the great Polish Grandmaster (1882–1961). This event always attracts a high-class field of top players.
Numbers of inhabitants:
| > | Year | Numbers of inhabitants |
|---|---|
| 1787 | 443 |
| 1816 | 490 |
| 1880 | 527 |
| 1910 | 1,538 |
| 1933 | 1,831 |
| 1950 | 4,482 |
| 1960 | 6,514 |
| 1970 | 6,943 |
| 1978 | 7,399 |
| 2006 | 6,900 |