Politics of the Republic of the Congo takes place in a framework of a presidential

Presidential system

A presidential system is a system of government where an executive branch exists and presides separately from the legislature, to which it is not responsible and which cannot, in normal circumstances, dismiss it....

 republic

Republic

A republic is a form of government in which the people, or some significant portion of them, have supreme control over the government and where offices of state are elected or chosen by elected people. In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of...

, whereby the President is both head of state

Head of State

A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...

 and head of government

Head of government

Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...

, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power

Executive Power

Executive Power is Vince Flynn's fifth novel, and the fourth to feature Mitch Rapp, an American agent that works for the CIA as an operative for a covert counter terrorism unit called the "Orion Team."-Plot summary:...

 is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government

Government

Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized...

 and the two chambers of the parliament. Before the 1997 civil war, the Republic of the Congo

Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo , sometimes known locally as Congo-Brazzaville, is a state in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo , the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated by...

's system of government was similar to that of the French. However, after taking power, Denis Sassou-Nguesso suspended the constitution approved in 2000. The new constitution (adopted by referendum in 2002

Republic of the Congo constitutional referendum, 2002

A constitutional referendum was held in the Republic of the Congo on 20 January 2002, with results showed over 87% voted in favour with a voter turnout of 77.5%.-Background:...

), returns to the earlier model with a seven-year presidential term and a bicameral national parliament.

Executive branch

|President
|Denis Sassou-Nguesso
|Labour Party
|25 October 1997
|}

Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-c/congo-republic-of-the.html
Date of Information: 9/29/2009

Pres. Denis SASSOU-Nguesso

Min. of State, Min. of Transport, Civil Aviation, & Maritime Shipping Isidore MVOUBA

Min. of State, Min. of Industrial Development & Private Sector Promotion Rodolphe ADADA

Min. of State, Min. of Justice & Human Rights & Keeper of the Seals Aime Emmanuel YOKA

Min. of State, Min. of Labor & Social Security Florent TSIBA

Min. of State, Min. of Planning, Economy, Land Reform, & Integration Pierre MOUSSA

Min. at the Presidency in Charge of National Defense, Veterans, & Disabled War Veterans Charles Zacharie BOWAO

Min. at the Presidency in Charge of Special Economic Zones Alain Akouala ATIPAULT

Min. of Agriculture & Livestock Rigobert MABOUNDOU

Min. of Civic Education & Youth Zacharie KIMPOMI

Min. of Civil Service & State Reformation Guy Brice Parfait KOLELAS

Min. of Commerce, Consumption, & Supplies Claudine MOUNARI

Min. of Communications in Charge of Relations With Parliament Bienvenu OKIEMY

Min. of Construction, Town Planning, & Housing Claude Alphonse NSILOU

Min. of Culture & Arts Jean-Claude GAKOSSO

Min. of Energy & Water Bruno Jean Richard ITOUA

Min. of Equipment & Public Works Emile OUOSSO

Min. of Finance, Budget, & Public Portfolio Gilbert ONDONGO

Min. of Foreign Affairs & Intl. Cooperation Basile IKOUEBE

Min. of Forestry Economy Henri DJOMBO

Min. of Health & Population Georges MOYEN

Min. of Higher Education & Scientific Research Ange Antoine ABENA

Min. of Hydrocarbons Andri Raphakl LOEMBA

Min. of Interior & Decentrialization Raymond Ziphyrin MBOULOU

Min. of Labor, Employment, & Social Security Florent TSIBA

Min. of Land Affairs & Public Domain Pierre MABIALA

Min. of Maritime & Inland Fisheries, in Charge of Aquaculture Hellot Mampouya MATSON

Min. of Mines, Mineral Industries, & Geology Pierre OBA

Min. of Posts & Technology, in Charge of New Technologies Thierry MOUNGALA

Min. of Primary & Secondary Education, in Charge of Literacy Rosalie KAMA NIAMAYOUA

Min. for the Promotion of Women & the Integration of Women in Development Jeanne Francois LECKOMBA LOUMETO-POMBO

Min. of Scientific Research & Technical Innovation Henri OSSEBI

Min. of Security & Public Order Paul MBOT, Gen.

Min. of Small & Medium-Size Enterprises, in Charge of Cottage Industry Adelaide MOUNDELE-NGOLLO

Min. of Social Affairs, Humanitarian Action, & Solidarity Emilienne RAOUL

Min. of Sports & Sport Education Jacques Yvon NDOLOU

Min. of Sustainable Development, Forestry Economy, & Environment Henri DJOMBO

Min. of Technical Education & Professional Training Andri Okombi SALISSA

Min. of Territory Admin. & Decentralization Raymond MBOULOU

Min. of Tourism Industries & Leisure Mathieu Martial KANI

Min.-Del. for Land Reform & Integration, attached to the Min. of State for Economy, Planning, Land Reform, & Integration
Josui Rodrigue NGOUONIMBA
Min.-Del. for Maritime Commerce, attached to the Min. of Transport, Civil Aviation, & Maritime Shipping Martin Parfait Aimi COUSSOUD MAVOUNGOU

Legislative branch

The Parliament (Parlement) has two chambers

Bicameralism

In the government, bicameralism is the practice of having two legislative or parliamentary chambers. Thus, a bicameral parliament or bicameral legislature is a legislature which consists of two chambers or houses....

. The National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) has 153 members, for a five year term in single-seat constituencies. The Senate (Sénat) has 66 members, elected for a six year term by district, local and regional councils.
The Republic of Congo is a one party dominant state with the Congolese Labour Party in power. Opposition

Opposition (politics)

In politics, the opposition comprises one or more political parties or other organized groups that are opposed to the government , party or group in political control of a city, region, state or country...

 parties

Political Parties

Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...

 are allowed, but are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power.

Political parties and elections

International organization participation

ACCT,
ACP,
AfDB

African Development Bank

The African Development Bank Group is a development bank established in 1964 with the intention of promoting economic and social development in Africa...

,
BDEAC,
CCC,
CEEAC

Economic Community of Central African States

The Economic Community of Central African States is an Economic Community of the African Union for promotion of regional economic co-operation in Central Africa...

,
ECA,
FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and...

,
FZ,
G-77

Group of 77

The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the organization has...

,
IBRD

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of five institutions that compose the World Bank Group. The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now, its mission has expanded to fight...

,
ICAO

International Civil Aviation Organization

The International Civil Aviation Organization , pronounced , , is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth...

,
ICFTU

International Confederation of Free Trade Unions

The International Confederation of Free Trade Unions was an international trade union. It came into being on 7 December 1949 following a split within the World Federation of Trade Unions , and was dissolved on 31 October 2006 when it merged with the World Confederation of Labour to form the...

,
ICRM

International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human...

,
IDA

International Development Association

The International Development Association , is the part of the World Bank that helps the world’s poorest countries. It complements the World Bank's other lending arm — the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development — which serves middle-income countries with capital investment and...

,
IFAD

International Fund for Agricultural Development

The International Fund for Agricultural Development , a specialized agency of the United Nations, was established as an international financial institution in 1977 as one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference. IFAD is dedicated to eradicating rural poverty in developing countries...

,
IFC

International Finance Corporation

The International Finance Corporation promotes sustainable private sector investment in developing countries.IFC is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States....

,
IFRCS

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies

The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is a humanitarian institution that is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the ICRC and 186 distinct National Societies...

,
ILO

International Labour Organization

The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...

,
IMF

International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world...

,
IMO

International Maritime Organization

The International Maritime Organization , formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization , was established in Geneva in 1948, and came into force ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959...

,
Intelsat

International Telecommunications Satellite Organization

The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization is an intergovernmental organisation charged with overseeing the public service obligations of Intelsat.-External links:*...

,
Interpol,
IOC

International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee is an international corporation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin on 23 June 1894 with Demetrios Vikelas as its first president...

,
IOM

International Organization for Migration

The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration to help resettle people displaced by World War II....

 (observer),
ITU

International Telecommunication Union

The International Telecommunication Union is the specialized agency of the United Nations which is responsible for information and communication technologies...

,
NAM

Non-Aligned Movement

The Non-Aligned Movement is a group of states considering themselves not aligned formally with or against any major power bloc. As of 2011, the movement had 120 members and 17 observer countries...

,
OAU,
OPCW,
UDEAC,
UN

United Nations

The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

 (Security Council member for 2006/2007),
UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body. It is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues....

,
UNESCO,
UNIDO

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization , French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna, Austria...

,
UPU

Universal Postal Union

The Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration , the Postal Operations Council and the...

,
WFTU

World Federation of Trade Unions

The World Federation of Trade Unions was established in 1945 to replace the International Federation of Trade Unions. Its mission was to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations...

,
WHO

World Health Organization

The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...

,
WIPO

World Intellectual Property Organization

The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the 17 specialized agencies of the United Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world"....

,
WMO

World Meteorological Organization

The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...

,
WToO

World Tourism Organization

The World Tourism Organization , based in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. It compiles the World Tourism rankings. The World Tourism Organization is a significant global body, concerned with the collection and collation of statistical information...

,
WTrO

World Trade Organization

The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...

External links